Antoine Barraque

{{Short description|Founder of New Gascony, Arkansas}} {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Use American English|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox person | name = Antoine Barraque | native_name = {{nobold|Antoine Barraqué}} | native_name_lang = fr | birth_date = {{birth date|1773|04|15}} | birth_place = France | death_date = {{death date and age|1858|10|29|1773|04|15}} | death_place = Jefferson County, Arkansas, U.S. | other_names = Antoine Barraque Sr. | occupation = {{hlist|Farmer|trader|soldier}} | known_for = Founding New Gascony, Arkansas | spouse = {{marriage|Mary T. Dardenne|1817}} | children = 11 | module = {{Infobox military person | embed = yes | embed_title = Military service | allegiance = {{Flagu|France}} | branch = Army | branch_label = Branch | unit = Old Guard | battles = Napoleonic Wars | battles_label = Conflict}} }} '''Antoine Barraque''' ({{Langx|fr|italic=no|Antoine Barraqué}}; April 15, 1773{{spaced ndash}}October 29, 1858), also known as '''Antoine Barraque Sr.''', was a French Indian trader who founded New Gascony, Arkansas.

==Biography== Barraque was born in France, on April 15, 1773.<ref name="ATD">{{cite news |editor-last=Johnson |editor-first=Richard H. |title=Obituary |work=Arkansas True Democrat |volume=16 |number=10 |location=Little Rock, Ark. |publisher=Johnson & Yerkes |date=December 15, 1858 |page=3 |issn=2692-8655 |lccn=sn82014282 |oclc=8793777}}</ref> A veteran of Napoleon's Old Guard,<ref name="PBTG">{{cite news |author= |title=Funeral of J. S. Barraque Today |work=Pine Bluff Daily Graphic |volume=XX |number=139 |location=Pine Bluff, Arkansas |publisher=Adams Printing Co. |date=November 4, 1914 |page=5 |issn=2833-2016 |lccn=sn89051168 |oclc=19596361}}</ref> he emigrated from France to the United States in 1816.<ref name="ATD" /> After emigrating, he worked in the Indian trade at Arkansas Post and New Gascony, Arkansas. Barraque, who was fimiliar with the Quapaw Nation and married to a local Franco-American woman related to them,<ref>{{cite book |last=Bolton |first=S. Charles |date=1998 |editor-last=West |editor-first=Elliott |editor-link=Elliott West |title=Arkansas, 1800-1860: Remote and Restless |series=Histories of Arkansas |location=Fayetteville |publisher=University of Arkansas Press |page=72 |isbn=1-55728-518-7}}</ref> led the tribe to their new home in 1826 on lands given them by the Caddo on the Bayou Treache of Red River pursuant to the Treaty of 1824.<ref>{{Citation |author=United States. War Dept. |year=1827 |title=Letter from the Secretary of War, Transmitting the Information Required by a Resolution of the House of Representatives, of the 18th ultimo, in Relation to the Present Condition of the Quapaw Nation of Indians |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/SERIALSET-00150_00_00-010-0043-0000/pdf/SERIALSET-00150_00_00-010-0043-0000.pdf |place=Washington |publisher=Gales & Seaton |page=13 |via=GPO}}</ref> He later served as the postmaster of New Gascony and Plum Bayou, Arkansas.<ref>{{Citation |author= |title=Record of Appointment of Postmasters, 1832-1971. NARA Microfilm Publication, M841, 145 rolls. Records of the Post Office Department, Record Group Number 28 |place=Washington, D.C. |publisher=National Archives.}}</ref> He was a business associate of Frederick Notrebe.<ref name="encyclo of arkansas">{{cite web |last1=Cande |first1=Kathleen H. |title=Frederick Notrebe (1780–1840) |url=https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/frederick-notrebe-4126/ |publisher=Encyclopedia of Arkansas |access-date=15 June 2025 |date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> Barraque died on October 29, 1858, in Jefferson County, Arkansas,<ref name="ATD" /> at the age of 85.

==Honors== Barraque Township in Jefferson County and Barraque Street in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, are named after him.<ref name="PBTG" /><ref>{{cite sign |date=1976 |title=Barraque Street |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=30577 |location=Pine Bluff, Arkansas |publisher=Jefferson County History Commission |access-date=March 18, 2025 |medium=Jefferson County, Arkansas Historical Marker |via=The Historical Marker Database}}</ref>

==Notes== :{{NARA}}

==References== {{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal |last=Ashcraft |first=Ginger L. |date=Autumn 1973 |title=Antoine Barraque and His Involvement in Indian Affairs of Southeast Arkansas, 1816-1832 |journal=Arkansas Historical Quarterly |volume=32 |number=3 |publisher=Arkansas Historical Association |pages=226-240 |doi=10.2307/40038112 |jstor=40038112 |jstor-access=free}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Teske |first=Steven |date=October 5, 2023 |title=Antoine Barraque (1773–1858) |url=https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/antoine-barraque-2962/ |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Arkansas |location=Little Rock, Arkansas |publisher=CALS |oclc=68194233 |access-date=March 18, 2025}} * {{cite book |editor-last1=Williams |editor-first1=Nancy A. |editor-last2=Whayne |editor-first2=Jeannie M. |date=2000 |title=Arkansas Biography: A Collection of Notable Lives Nancy A. Williams |location=Fayetteville |publisher=The University of Arkansas Press |others=Forward by Shirley Abbott |pages=18–19 |isbn=1-55728-588-8 |lccn=99043732 |oclc=42296826 |ol=45974M}} {{refend}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barraque, Antoine}} Category:1773 births Category:1858 deaths Category:19th-century American farmers Category:19th-century American merchants Category:19th-century Catholics Category:American founders Category:Slave owners from Arkansas Category:Arkansas postmasters Category:Catholics from Arkansas Category:Farmers from Arkansas Category:French Catholics Category:French emigrants to the United States Category:French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars Category:French soldiers Category:Interpreters Category:Merchants from Arkansas Category:People from Arkansas County, Arkansas Category:People from Jefferson County, Arkansas Category:United States Indian agents Category:Founders of populated places in Arkansas