{{Short description|Head of the Maronite Church from 1975 to 1986}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Cardinal | honorific_prefix = [[His Beatitude]]<br />[[Mar (title)|Moran Mor]] | name = Anthony III Peter Khoraish <br> أنطونيوس الثالث بطرس خريش | image = Anthony II Peter Khoraish (cropped).jpg | caption = | church = [[Maronite Church]] | see = [[Patriarch of Antioch]] | title = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch of Antioch]] | elected = February 3, 1975 | ended = April 3, 1986 | ordination = April 12, 1930 ([[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|Priest]]) | consecration = October 15, 1950 ([[Bishop (Catholic Church)|Bishop]]) | consecrated_by = [[Anthony Peter Arida]] | cardinal = February 2, 1983 | created_cardinal_by = [[Pope John Paul II]] | rank = [[Patriarch]] ([[Cardinal-Bishop]]) | predecessor = [[Paul Peter Meouchi]] | successor = [[Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1907|9|20|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Ain Ebel]], [[Vilayet of Beirut]], [[Ottoman Empire]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|1994|8|19|1907|9|20}} | death_place = [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]] }}
'''Anthony III Peter Khoraish''' (September 20, 1907 – August 19, 1994), (or ''Antonios Boutros Khoraish'', ''Antoine Pierre Khreich'', ''Khreish'', ''Khoraiche'', {{langx|ar|أنطونيوس الثالث بطرس خريش}}), was the 75th [[Maronite]] [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch of Antioch and the Whole Levant]] from 1975 until his resignation in 1986. He was made a [[cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] in 1983 and died on August 19, 1994.
==Biography== Patriarch Anthony Khoraish was born on September 20, 1907, in [[Ain Ebel]], a small village in the [[Southern Lebanon]].<ref name="c-h">{{Cite web|url=http://catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bkhora.html|accessdate=2007-02-11|title=Antoine Pierre Cardinal Khoraiche|work=Catholic-Hierarchy| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070128024425/http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bkhora.html| archivedate= 28 January 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref> He was a distinguished student at the local primary school in the village, and his devoutness to his faith led him at the age of 13 to Rome where he began his philosophical and theological studies at the [[Pontifical Urbaniana University]]. He received his doctorate in philosophy at the age of 16 and returned to [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]] where he continued his post-doctoral theological studies at the [[Université Saint-Joseph]].
==Priesthood== He was ordained as [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priest]] by [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Maronite Patriarch of Antioch]], [[Anthony Peter Arida]] at the Cathedral of [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] in South [[Lebanon]] on April 12, 1930, where he also taught at the local [[Catholic]] school. From 1930 to 1940, he was also a faculty member of Sagesse School in [[Beirut]] teaching philosophy and apologetics, patriarchal vicar of [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] from 1936 to 1940 and president of the [[Maronite]] tribunal in the [[Holy Land]]. He was appointed vicar general of the archdiocese of [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] of the Maronites, and served there from 1940 to 1950.<ref name="fiu">{{cite web|authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title= KHORAICHE, Antoine-Pierre (1907-1994)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1983.htm#Khoraiche|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |accessdate=|publisher=[[Florida International University]]|oclc=53276621}}</ref>
==Episcopate== On April 25, 1950 [[Pope]] [[Pius XII]] appointed him [[auxiliary bishop]] of [[Sidon]] of the Maronites, and [[Titular Bishop]] of Tarsus of the Maronites, and on October 15, 1950, he was consecrated as such by Patriarch [[Anthony Peter Arida]] and his co-consecrators were [[Ignace Ziadé]], Archeparch of Aleppo and [[François Ayoub]], Archeparch of Cyprus,.<ref name="c-h"/><ref name="fiu"/> From 1955 he was also [[Apostolic Administrator|Apostolic administrator]] of Sidon. On November 25, 1957,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/asien2.htm |title=apostolische-nachfolge.de/asien2.htm |access-date=2015-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702013321/http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/asien2.htm |archive-date=2017-07-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref> he was appointed [[Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Sidon|Eparch of Sidon of the Maronites]]. As bishop, he attended four seasons of the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965. He became administrator delegate of the [[Patriarchate of Antioch]] of the Maronites in 1974. He was also episcopal delegate for the Maronite seminaries and president of the executive commission of the Inter-ritual Assembly of Patriarchs and Bishops of Lebanon.<ref name="fiu" />
==Patriarchate== [[File:Anthony Peter Khoraish visits Ronald Reagan.jpg|thumb|In the [[White House]] meeting with [[Ronald Reagan]], 1981]] He was elected [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch of Antioch and All the East]] on February 3, 1975, following the death of the previous patriarch. His confirmation as Patriarch was made by [[Holy See]] on February 15, 1975. As Patriarch, he attended the IV Ordinary Assembly of the World Synod of Bishops in [[Vatican City]] on September 30, 1977. Patriarch Khoraish was from 1975 to 1985 chairman of the synod of the Maronite Church and chairman of the Assembly of Catholic Patriarchs and Bishops in Lebanon. During his Patriarchate, the blessed [[Charbel Makhluf|Charbel]] Makhlouf was declared Saint of the Universal Church in an imposing ceremony at Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome on October 9, 1977.
==Cardinalate== On February 2, 1983,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/kardinaele_20__jh_.htm |title=apostolische-nachfolge.de/kardinaele_20__jh_.htm |access-date=2015-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813005020/http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/kardinaele_20__jh_.htm |archive-date=2018-08-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> he was the second Maronite Patriarch to be created [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]. He was - as usual of Eastern Catholic Patriarchs, as a result of the [[motu proprio]] ''Ad purpuratorum patrum collegium''<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/la/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19650211_ad-purpuratorum.html w2.vatican.va]</ref><ref>[[Pope Paul VI]], with motu proprio For purpuratorum Patrum Collegium, published on 11 February 1965 ruled that the Patriarchs of the Eastern rite undertaken in the Sacred College of Cardinals did not belong to the clergy of Rome and, therefore, can not be assigned their no title or diaconate. The Patriarchs cardinals belong to the order of cardinal bishops and, in the hierarchy, are located immediately after them. Maintain their patriarchal and is not assigned them any suburbicarian.</ref> - a cardinal-bishop without granting a [[suburbicarian diocese]]. As [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], he attended the VI Ordinary Assembly of the World Synod of Bishops in Vatican City on September 29, 1983.<ref name="fiu" /> Sister [[Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès]] (also known as Saint Rafka), a Lebanese nun of Hamlaya, was declared Blessed at Saint Peter's Basilica on November 17, 1985.
On April 3, 1986, he resigned as Maronite Patriarch of Antioch. He died on August 19, 1994, in Beirut and was buried at the see of the Maronite Catholic Patriarchate in [[Bkerké]], [[Lebanon]].
==Consecrations==
During his patriarchate Khoraish ordained these Maronite eparchs:
* [[Roland Aboujaoudé]], Titular bishop of Arca in Phoenicia dei Maroniti and Auxiliary bishop in the Maronite Patriarchate of Antioch * [[Ibrahim Hélou]], Eparch of Sidon * [[Antoine Joubeir]], Titular Archbishop of Apamea in Syria dei Maroniti and Auxiliary bishop of Tripoli * [[Georges Abi-Saber]], [[Lebanese Maronite Order|OLM]], Eparch of Latakia in Syria * [[Georges Skandar]], Eparch of Zahlé * [[Paul Fouad Tabet]], Titular Archbishop of Sinna (Apostolic Nuncio) * [[John George Chedid]] Titular bishop of Callinicum dei Maroniti and Auxiliary bishop of Brooklyn in the United States * [[Elias Shaheen]] (Chahine), Eparch of Montréal in Canada * [[Emile Eid]], Titular bishop of Sarepta dei Maroniti and Curia Bishop in Rome
Khoraish was also co-consecrator of these Maronite eparchs:
* [[Michel Doumith]], Eparchy of Tyre * [[Joseph Khoury (bishop of Tyre)|Joseph Khoury]], Auxiliary Bishop of Ptolemais in Phoenicia dei Maroniti * [[João Chedid]], [[Mariamite Maronite Order|OMM]], Titular bishop of Arca in Phoenicia dei Maroniti
==See also==
*[[List of Maronite Patriarchs]] *[[Maronite Church]]
==Sources==
* Great Encyclopedia of [[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]], Edipresse Warsaw 2005, {{ISBN|83-60160-07-4}}. * Lentz, Harris M. (2002). Popes and Cardinals of the 20th Century: A Biographical Dictionary. McFarland & Company. pp. 98–99. {{ISBN|9780786410941}}. * Antonios Khoreiche, in: International Biographical Archive 44/1994 of 24 October 1994, in the Munzinger archive (beginning of the article freely available): http://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000014219
==References== {{Reflist|2}}
==External links== * http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/said1.htm * {{cite web|authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title= KHORAICHE, Antoine-Pierre (1907-1994)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1983.htm#Khoraiche|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |accessdate=|publisher=[[Florida International University]]|oclc=53276621}} * http://www.kobayat.org/data/maronites/patriarchs.htm#khreich * http://www.university-directory.eu/Lebanon/La-Sagesse-University.html
{{S-start}} {{S-rel|ca}} {{Succession box | before=[[Paul Peter Meouchi]] | title=[[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch]] | after=[[Cardinal Mar Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir|Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir]] | years=1975–1986 }} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}}
{{Cardinals created by John Paul II}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khoraish, Anthony Peter}} [[Category:Lebanese cardinals]] [[Category:Lebanese Maronites]] [[Category:1907 births]] [[Category:1994 deaths]] [[Category:Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch]] [[Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council]] [[Category:Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II]] [[Category:Saint Joseph University of Beirut alumni]] [[Category:Pontifical Urban University alumni]] [[Category:Eastern Catholic bishops in Lebanon]] [[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius XII]] [[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Paul VI]]