{{short description|American playwright (1891–1966)}} {{Infobox person | name = Anne Nichols | image = AnneNichols.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1891|11|26|df=y}} | birth_place = Dales Mill, Wayne County, Georgia | death_date = {{death date and age|1966|9|15|1891|11|26}} | death_place = Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey | death_cause = | birth_name = | occupation = Playwright | years_active = | parents = George Henry Westberry Nichols<br>Julia Anne Bates Nichols | spouse = Henry Duffy (1915-1924) | children = 1 | relatives = James H. Nicholas<br>(grandfather)<br>Leslie R. Nicholas<br>(cousin) }}
'''Anne Nichols''' (November 26, 1891 – September 15, 1966) was an American playwright best known as the author of ''Abie's Irish Rose''.
==Biography==
Anne Nichols was born in obscure Dales Mill, in Wayne County, Georgia, to Julie and George Nichols. Her father George was the son of James Nicholas born in 1868. George had the Nicholas surname shortened to Nichols.
Nichols penned a number of Broadway plays, several of which were made into motion pictures. Her most famous production was ''Abie's Irish Rose'', a farce depicting the tumult that arises with the marriage of a young Jewish man and an Irish girl. This play broke the record for the longest run in Broadway theater history, and was made into films in 1928 and again in 1946. Nichols sued Universal Studios for making ''The Cohens and Kellys'', a film with a similar plot premise, but the use of stock characters was found to be outside of copyright protection in ''Nichols v. Universal Pictures Corp.''
To a certain degree, ''Abie's Irish Rose'' paralleled the life of its author, who was born into a strict Baptist family, but married (and divorced) Henry Duffy, an Irish Catholic. Nichols wrote the play during this marriage, and would eventually convert to Catholicism herself.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://diosav.org/sites/all/files/archives/S8707p03.pdf |title=Georgia playwright Anne Nichols wrote in 'the spirit of tolerance' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074650/https://diosav.org/sites/all/files/archives/S8707p03.pdf |archive-date=2018-08-20 |work=Southern Cross |date=February 15, 2007}}</ref>
In 1937 Nichols produced ''Hey Diddle Diddle'', a comedy play written by Bartlett Cormack whose setting was a duplex apartment in Hollywood. The play premiered in Princeton, New Jersey, on January 21 with Lucille Ball as Julie Tucker, "one of three roommates coping with neurotic directors, confused executives, and grasping stars who interfere with the girls' ability to get ahead." The play received good reviews, but there were problems, chiefly with its star, Conway Tearle, who was in poor health. Cormack wanted to replace him, but Nichols said the fault lay with the character and insisted that the part needed to be reshaped and rewritten. The two were unable to agree on a solution. The play was scheduled to open on Broadway at the Vanderbilt, but closed after one week in Washington, D.C., when Tearle suddenly became gravely ill.<ref>Brady, Kathleen (2001), ''Lucille: the Life of Lucille Ball'', New York, New York: Watson-Guptill Publications, p. 73-74, {{ISBN|0-8230-8913-4}}</ref>
Nichols died from a heart attack while residing at a nursing home in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, at the age of 75.<ref>Staff. [https://www.nytimes.com/1966/09/16/archives/anne-nichols-is-dead-at-75-author-of-abies-irish-rose-play-panned.html "Anne Nichols Is Dead at 75; Author of 'Abie's Irish Rose'; Play Panned by Critics Ran 5 Years Here and Became Film and Radio Show "], ''The New York Times'', September 16, 1966. Accessed October 24, 2009.</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120415043921/http://www.edwardtodonnell.com/hibchronabiesirishrose.html 82 Years Ago: Abie’s Irish Rose] * {{IBDB name|4183}} * {{IMDb name|0629532|Anne Nichols}} * {{Find a Grave}} * [http://catalog.nypl.org/record=b15243207~S1 Anne Nichols papers, 1873-1965.], held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nichols, Anna}} Category:20th-century American dramatists and playwrights Category:1891 births Category:1966 deaths Category:People from Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey Category:Burials at Kensico Cemetery Category:American women screenwriters Category:American women dramatists and playwrights Category:20th-century American women writers Category:Screenwriters from New Jersey Category:Screenwriters from Georgia (U.S. state) Category:20th-century American screenwriters Category:Writers from Bergen County, New Jersey