{{short description|Flower in buttercup family Ranunculaceae}} {{Speciesbox |image=Ranunculus repens-bgiu.jpg |image_caption=In flower |genus=Anemonoides |species=ranunculoides |authority=(L.) Holub |synonyms_ref={{r|powo}} |synonyms={{Collapsible list|{{Species list |Anemanthus ranunculoides |Fourr. |Anemonanthea ranunculoides |(L.) Gray |Anemone lutea |Lam. |Anemone nemorosa subsp. ranunculoides |(L.) Ces. |Anemone nemorosa-lutea |Crantz |Anemone ranunculiflora |St.-Lag. |Anemone ranunculiformis |St.-Lag. |Anemone ranunculoides |L. |Pulsatilla ranunculoides |(L.) Schrank }}}} }}
'''''Anemonoides ranunculoides''''' (syn. ''Anemone ranunculoides''), the '''yellow anemone''', '''yellow wood anemone''', or '''buttercup anemone''', is a species of herbaceous and perennial plant that grows in forests across Europe to western Asia, and less frequently in the Mediterranean region.{{r|powo}}{{r|phillips1989}} It is occasionally found as a garden escape.<ref>{{cite book|author=W. Keble Martin|author-link=William Keble Martin|title=Concise British Flora in Colour|publisher=Ebury Press and Michael Joseph | location = London | edition = second (revised) |year=1971|page=late 1}}</ref>
==Description== frameless|left|alt=Flower Growing to {{convert|5|-|15|cm}} tall, the plant is herbaceous, dying back down to its root-like rhizomes by mid summer. The rhizomes spread just below the soil surface and multiply quickly, contributing to its rapid spread in woodland conditions. The flower is about {{convert|1.5|cm}} diameter, with from five to eight petal-like segments (actually tepals) of rich yellow colouring. In its native range, it flowers between March and May.
==Distribution== The native range of ''Anemonoides ranunculoides'' extends across Continental Europe to southwest Siberia, reaching as far south as the Caucasus Mountains in Turkey. The species has been introduced into Great Britain and elsewhere.{{r|powo}} In Canada, there is a naturalized population at a well-known site in Quebec.{{r|FNA}}{{r|BONAP}}
==Cultivation== The plant is widely grown as a garden plant, especially by rock garden and alpine garden enthusiasts.<ref name = "RHS" /> It has been awarded an Award of Garden Merit or AGM by the Royal Horticultural Society.<ref name = "RHS" /> The RHS describes it as H4 (hardy throughout the British Isles).<ref name = "RHS" /> The double-flowered form 'Pleniflora' (sometimes listed as 'Flore Pleno') is also a recipient of the award.<ref name = "RHS" > {{ cite web |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/64227/Anemone-ranunculoides-Pleniflora-(d)/Details |title=''Anemone ranunculoides'' 'Pleniflora' | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) |accessdate=12 April 2020}}</ref> '{{visible anchor|Frank Waley}}', a larger-growing, more robust cultivar, is sometimes available, as are the miniature subspecies ''A. ranunculoides'' subsp. ''{{visible anchor|wockeana}}'' and a selection known as '{{visible anchor|Laciniata}}', with finely divided leaves.
==Related species and hybrids== [[File:Symrer1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''A.'' × ''lipsiensis'', center, with its parents]] Wood anemone – ''Anemonoides nemorosa'' – is similar to ''A. ranunculoides'' but has slightly larger flowers. {{visible anchor|Anemonoides × lipsiensis|text=''A.'' × ''lipsiensis''}} is a hybrid between these two species and has pale yellow flowers; it is often found where the two parent species grow near each other.<ref name=phillips1989 /> ''A.'' × ''lipsiensis'' '{{visible anchor|Pallida}}' is the best-known result of this cross. It has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society Award of Garden Merit (RHS AGM).<ref name = "Pallida" >{{cite web |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/78860/Anemone-x-lipsiensis-Pallida/Details |title=''Anemone'' × ''lipsiensis'' 'Pallida' |publisher= Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) |accessdate=12 April 2020}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=phillips1989> {{cite book| first1 = Roger | last1 = Phillips | first2 = Martyn | last2 = Rix | title=Bulbs|publisher=Pan Macmillan Ltd | location = London |edition=revised|year=1989|isbn=0-330-30253-1|page=73}} </ref> <ref name=powo>{{cite web |title=''Anemonoides ranunculoides'' (L.) Holub |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13541-2 |website= Plants of the World Online |publisher= Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |accessdate=9 August 2020}}</ref> <ref name=FNA>{{eFloras |1|101733 |''Anemone'' |family=Ranunculaceae |first1=Bryan E. |last1=Dutton |first2=Carl S. |last2=Keener |first3=Bruce A. |last3=Ford |accessdate=2020-11-28}}</ref> <ref name="BONAP">{{BONAP |species=Anemone ranunculoides |date=2014 |access-date=28 November 2020}}</ref> }}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q55813571|from2=Q161045}}
ranunculoides Category:Flora of Europe Category:Ephemeral plants Category:Medicinal plants of Europe Category:Plants described in 1753 Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus