{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}} {{Speciesbox |image = Anemone biflora var. petiolulosa in bloom.jpg |image_caption = ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''petiolulosa'' in bloom |genus = Anemone |species = biflora |authority = DC. }}
'''''Anemone biflora''''' is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae. It is native to the Middle East and Central Asia, ranging from Iraq and Iran to western Afghanistan and extending into Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang.<ref name=powo>{{cite web |title=Anemone biflora DC. |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:708265-1 |publisher=Plants of the World Online |access-date=2 April 2026}}</ref><ref name=wfo>{{cite web |title=Anemone biflora DC. |url=http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000535125 |publisher=World Flora Online |access-date=2 April 2026}}</ref> It is a tuberous geophyte that grows primarily in temperate environments.<ref name=powo />
== Description == ''Anemone biflora'' is a perennial herb arising from a tuber, an adaptation that allows it to survive seasonal extremes such as cold winters or summer drought. It produces one or more flowers borne above a whorl of divided leaves. As in other species of ''Anemone'', the flowers lack true petals and instead have petal-like sepals. Considerable variation in leaf division and floral morphology occurs across its range.
== Taxonomy == The species was first described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1817 in ''Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale''.<ref name=ipni>{{cite web |title=Anemone biflora DC. |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/708265-1 |publisher=International Plant Names Index |access-date=2 April 2026}}</ref> The name is recorded in the International Plant Names Index with the Life Sciences Identifier (LSID).<ref name=ipni />
=== Infraspecific taxa === Three varieties are currently recognized:<ref name=powo /><ref name=wfo /> * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''biflora'' * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''eranthioides'' (Regel) S.Ziman * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''gortschakowii'' (Kar. & Kir.) Sinno * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''petiolulosa'' (Juz.) S.Ziman
=== Synonyms === The following synonyms have been reported in major taxonomic databases:<ref name=powo /><ref name=wfo /><ref name=gbif>{{cite web |title=Anemone biflora DC. |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/7277660 |publisher=GBIF Backbone Taxonomy |access-date=2 April 2026}}</ref> * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''bifoliata'' DC. * ''Anemone biflora'' var. ''trifoliata'' DC. * ''Anemone coronaria'' var. ''biflora'' (DC.) Finet & Gagnep. * ''Anemone eranthoides'' Regel * ''Anemone subvillosa'' Pau
== Distribution and habitat == The species is widely distributed across southwestern and Central Asia, occurring from Iraq and Iran eastward to Afghanistan, Central Asia, and western China (Xinjiang).<ref name=powo /><ref name=wfo /> It inhabits temperate regions, often in montane, steppe, or open rocky habitats.
== References == {{Reflist}}
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biflora Category:Flora of Western Asia Category:Flora of Central Asia Category:Plants described in 1817