{{Short description|Australian politician}} {{other people|Andrew Kirkpatrick}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder |name = Andrew Kirkpatrick |image = Andrew Kirkpatrick 3.jpeg |order1 = Leader of the Opposition in South Australia |term_start1 = 1917 |term_end1 = 15 February 1918 |predecessor1 = Crawford Vaughan |successor1 = John Gunn |order2 = Leader of the South Australian Labor Party |predecessor2 = Crawford Vaughan |successor2 = John Gunn |term_start2 = 6 March 1917 |term_end2 = 15 February 1918 |birth_date = {{birth date|1848|1|4|df=y}} |death_date = {{death date|1928|8|19|df=y}} |party = Australian Labor Party (SA) }}

The Hon '''Andrew Alexander Kirkpatrick''' (4 January 1848 – 19 August 1928) was an Australian politician, representing the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party. He was a member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1891 to 1897 and 1900 to 1909, a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1915 to 1918, and again a member of the Legislative Council from 1918 to 1928. He was the state Agent General in London from 1909 to 1914. Kirkpatrick was state Labor leader from 1917 to 1918, when the party split nationally over Billy Hughes' stance on conscription.<ref name="smith">{{Australian Dictionary of Biography |last= Jaensch |first= Dean |authorlink= |year=1983 |id2=kirkpatrick-andrew-alexander-6973 |title= Kirkpatrick, Andrew Alexander (1848 - 1928) |access-date=2014-01-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=7 March 1917 |title=HON. A.A. KIRKPATRICK APPOINTED LEADER |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/105395085 |work=Daily Herald}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 February 1918 |title=MR. KIRKPATRICK RESIGNS |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63843244 |work=The Mail}}</ref>

==Early life== Kirkpatrick was born in 1848 and started working at the age of nine. He arrived in South Australia in 1860, went to night school, and apprenticed in the printing trade. He worked at ''The Advertiser'' and the Government Printing Office before founding his own printing firm. He served as the first president of the National Liberal Reform League in 1883, assisted in forming the United Trades and Labour Council of South Australia in 1884, and served on its parliamentary committee selecting candidates to support prior to the formation of the Labor Party.<ref name="smith" /><ref name="obsobit">{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article164888006 |title=Death of Hon. A. A. Kirkpatrick |newspaper=The Observer |date=25 August 1928 |access-date=5 September 2015 |page=16 |via=Trove}}</ref>

==Parliament== thumb|left|upright|Price Ministry, c. 1905 In 1891, along with David Charleston and Robert Guthrie, he became one of the first Labor members of the Legislative Council, defeating Alexander Hay for his Southern District seat. He was defeated in 1897, but re-elected for the Central District in 1900. He served as Chief Secretary and Minister for Industry in the Price government from 1905 until 1909,<ref name="SA parl">{{Cite SA-parl |pid=4177 |name=Andrew Alexander Kirkpatrick |former=yes |access-date=28 November 2022}}</ref> when he was appointed the state's Agent-General in London. He was the first Agent General for South Australia to come from the Labor Party.<ref name="smith" /><ref name="obsobit"/><ref name="thirtyyears">{{cite book | title=Labor's thirty years record in South Australia: a short history of the Labor movement in South Australia, including biographical sketches of leading members, 1893-1923 | publisher=The Daily Herald | year=1923 | location=Adelaide | pages=59}}</ref><ref name="statref">{{cite web | url=http://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/AboutParliament/From1836/Documents/StatisticalRecordoftheLegislature1836to20093.pdf | title=Statistical Record of the Legislature, 1836 to 2009 | publisher=Parliament of South Australia | access-date=5 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312023915/http://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/AboutParliament/From1836/Documents/StatisticalRecordoftheLegislature1836to20093.pdf | archive-date=12 March 2011 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="bwobit">{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article80134509 |title=Death of Hon. A. A. Kirkpatrick. |newspaper=The Border Watch |date=21 August 1928 |access-date=5 September 2015 |page=1 |via=Trove}}</ref>

Kirkpatrick returned to South Australia in 1914, and was elected to the House of Assembly seat of Newcastle at the 1915 election. He was state leader of the Labor Party from 1917 to 1918 following the 1917 Labor split, and succeeded Crawford Vaughan as Leader of the Opposition when Vaughan's splinter National Party went into coalition with the conservative Liberal Union.<ref name="bwobit" /> While Kirkpatrick was the parliamentary leader, the ''United Labor Party'' became the ''Australian Labor Party (South Australian branch)'' on 14 September 1917.<ref>{{cite news |url= |title=What's in a name? |newspaper=The Register |date=15 Sep 1917 |page=8 |via=Trove}}</ref> He returned to the Legislative Council at the 1918 state election representing Central District No. 1, and served as Minister for Mines, Minister for Marine, Minister for Immigration and Minister for Local Government in the Gunn and first Hill governments. He died in office in 1928 and was accorded a state funeral.<ref name="obsobit" /><ref name="thirtyyears" /><ref name="statref" />

==Honours== Kirkpatrick is honoured on the Jubilee 150 Walkway as a printer and union leader.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Australia |first=North Terrace 5000 Adelaide |title=J150 Plaque, Andrew Alexander Kirkpatrick {{!}} Adelaidia |url=https://adelaidia.history.sa.gov.au/things/j150-plaque-andrew-alexander-kirkpatrick,%20/things/j150-plaque-andrew-alexander-kirkpatrick |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=adelaidia.history.sa.gov.au}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}} &nbsp; {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=Crawford Vaughan}} {{s-ttl|title=Leader of the Opposition of South Australia|years=1917&nbsp;– 1918}} {{s-aft|after= John Gunn}} |- {{s-par|au-sa-la}} {{s-new|district}} {{s-ttl|title=Member for Newcastle|years=1915&nbsp;– 1918 | alongside=Thomas Butterfield, Edward Twopeny}} {{s-aft|after=William Harvey}} |- {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=Crawford Vaughan}} {{s-ttl|title=Leader of the Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)|years=1917&nbsp;– 1918}} {{s-aft|after= John Gunn}} |- {{s-dip}} {{s-bef|before=John Jenkins}} {{s-ttl|title=Agent-General for South Australia|years=1909&ndash;1914}} {{s-aft|after=Frederick William Young}} {{s-end}}

{{Leaders of the Australian Labor Party (SA division)}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kirkpatrick, Andrew}} Category:Members of the South Australian Legislative Council Category:Politicians from the Colony of South Australia Category:Members of the South Australian House of Assembly Category:1848 births Category:1928 deaths Category:Leaders of the opposition in South Australia Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of South Australia