Andrei Tudor

{{Short description|Romanian poet and musicologist}}

{{Infobox writer | name = Andrei Tudor | image = Andrei Tudor.jpg | pseudonym = I. Alexis Edgar,<ref name=Foot01/> Andrei Tudor,<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/> Lafcadio  | birth_name = Isaac Rozenzweig | birth_date = August 31, 1907 | birth_place = Brăila, Romania | death_date = {{death date and age|1959|06|18|1907|08|31}} | death_place = Bucharest, Romania | resting_place = Crematoriul Cenușa, Bucharest | occupation = poet, translator, journalist, musicologist | language = Romanian | citizenship = Romania | education = Juris Doctor | alma_mater = University of Bucharest Law School | period = 1928 - 1959 | subject = {{cslist | poetry | cultural journalism | musicology}} | spouse = Melania Tudor, 1938 - 1959 | children = Manuela Lena, Alexandru Laurențiu | home_town = | movement = avant-garde Symbolism<ref name=Foot09/> <br>Criterion }} '''Andrei Tudor''' ({{IPA|ro|anˈdrej ˈtudor}}; (born '''Isaac Rozenzweig'''; August 31, 1907, Brăila – June 18, 1959, Bucharest) was a Romanian poet, translator and musicologist.<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/>

== Life == Tudor was born to a Jewish family in Brăila, the son of Mayer and Tony Rozenzweig.  After graduating from the Nicolae Bălcescu National College in 1926, he attended law school at University of Bucharest.<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/><ref name=Foot06/><ref name=Foot08/> <br> He was licensed to practice in 1930, though ultimately never pursued a career in law. Instead, Tudor decided to pursue a literary and journalistic career in the capital; allowing himself a more intellectually conducive environment in which he could write about his true interests. <br>  In 1940, Romania legislated its equivalent of the Nuremberg Laws, at approximately the same time when Tudor’s career began to gain traction. Much like other prominent Jewish writers of the time, his name was suppressed from media. <br>  While in Prague in 1959, he fell ill. He ultimately sought treatment in Bucharest, but shortly thereafter succumbed to his illness as a result of medical negligence while hospitalized.

==Career== Tudor debuted his literary career in 1927 with a translation of French poet Francis Jammes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |last2=Sebastian|first1=Andrei |first2=Mihail|date=1927 |title=Rugăciune|trans-title=Prayer |url=http://dspace.bcucluj.ro/handle/123456789/18706 |language=ro |journal=Universul Literar |volume=XLIII |issue=13 |pages=198 |doi= |access-date=2023-04-16}}</ref><ref group=Note name=Note01/> thumb|left|Francis Jammes Prayer Alexis Edgar - Andrei Tudor and Mihail Sebastian translatorsHis first the poem, ''Trupește'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tudor |first=Andrei |date=1928 |title=Trupește |url=http://dspace.bcucluj.ro/handle/123456789/18750 |language=ro|journal=Universul Literar |volume=XLIV |issue=13 |pages=204|access-date=2023-04-16}}</ref> was printed in 1928. Tudor's poetry and prose appeared in avant-garde publications.<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot06/><ref name=Foot04/><ref group=Note name=Note03/> Several newspapers and periodicals regularly printed his musical, theatre and cinema reviews.<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot04/><ref group=Note name=Note02/> In 1935 his first and only poetry volume, ''Love 1926'',<ref name=Foot07/> was awarded the poetry prize by ''Fundația Pentru Literatură și Artă "Regele Carol II"''.<ref group=Note name=Note12/> It was published in 1937.thumb|left|Cover of ''Love 1926'' (1937) [[File:Dinner_Modern_Rebreanu_1935.jpg|thumb|left|Dinner at "Modern," Bucharest, November 30, 1935, in honor of novelist Liviu Rebreanu. Andrei Tudor is seated 7th from left (with glasses). Source: ''Adevărul'', December 5, 1935.]] Along with other members <ref group=Note name=Note10/> of the Criterion group, Tudor was closely associated <ref name=Foot12/> with, the now defunct, Pro-Arte music conservatory.<ref name=Foot13/>  After the war he translated Social realist poets from the USSR, Czechoslovakia and Korea.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=Note name=Note06/> but his interests increasingly turned to music. He held lectures to popularize classical music before live audiences and on the radio. Tudor, an early Enescu scholar, curated [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1st_Enescu_Museum_Collection_Curation.only.reduced.pdf] the newly (1956) established museum [https://www.georgeenescu.ro/en/] dedicated to the composer. In May 1955 he wrote a proposal for an international Enescu festival [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Enescu_Festival_Proposal.pdf]. The first edition of the festival took place in 1958. Tudor worked at several cultural institutions: * 1951 - 1952 editor-in-chief at ''Revista Muzica [The Music Journal]'' (official publication of the Union of Composers and Musicologists from Romania)<ref name=Foot01 /><ref name=Foot12/> [https://ucmr.org.ro/revistele-ucmr/revista-muzica/] * 1950 - 1959 professor at the Bucharest Conservatory <ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/> [https://www.unmb.ro/en] * 1951 - 1959 director - Music History department, Art History Institute, Romanian Academy <ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/> [http://www.istoria-artei.ro/] [https://cimec.ro/] * 1951 - 1956 professor at the Institute for Theatre I. L. Caragiale Caragiale National University of Theatre and Film<ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/> * 1955 - 1959 Editorial Committee member <ref name=Foot01/><ref name=Foot12/> [https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?pub=3643-studii-si-cercetari-de-istoria-artei] ''Studii și Cercetări de Istoria Artei [Art history: Studies and Research]'' (official publication of the Romanian Academy, Art History Institute)

==Selected works== ===Poetry=== * (1937) ''Love 1926: poems'' <ref name=Foot07/> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Amor_1926.pdf]

====Translations==== * (1927) Francis Jammes ''Prayer'' <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1927-03-27 |title=Universul literar |url=http://dspace.bcucluj.ro/handle/123456789/18706 |journal=Biblioteca Centrală Universitară "Lucian Blaga" Cluj-Napoca}}</ref>  * (1950) ''Soviet poets: Peace songs'' <ref> {{cite book |last= |first= |date=1950 |title=Poeți sovietici cînta pacea |trans-title=Soviet poets: Peace songs |url= |language=ro |translator-first=Andrei|translator-last=Tudor|location=Bucharest |publisher=Cartea rusă, Colecția A.R.L.U.S. |isbn=}}</ref>

* (1951) ''Korean poetry selections'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1951 |title=Din poezia coreeană |trans-title=Korean poetry selections |translator-first=Andrei|translator-first2=Nina|translator-last2=Cassian|translator-first3=Petre|translator-last3=Solomon|translator-last=Tudor|url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |oclc=1014902183|publisher=Editura de stat pentru literatură și artă |isbn=}}</ref>   * (1952) ''The book of blood: the heroic resistance of the Greek people'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1952 |translator-first=Andrei|translator-last=Tudor|title=Cartea sângelui: din lupta eroică a popurului grec |oclc=1277254620|trans-title=The book of blood: the heroic resistance of the Greek people|url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |publisher=Editura de stat pentru literatură și artă |isbn=}} </ref> * (1955) Vítězslav Nezval ''A song of peace'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1955 |title=Cîntecul păcii |translator-first=Andrei|translator-last=Tudor|trans-title=A song of peace |url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |publisher= |isbn=}}</ref>

===Prose=== * (1947) ''Moscow : The metropolis of the new world'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title=Moscova : Reportaj Despre Metropola Lumii Noi |trans-title=Moscow : The metropolis of the new world |url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |publisher=Casa Școalelor|oclc=1347179751|isbn=}}</ref>

====Translations==== * (1953) Leonid Lench ''Funny Stories'' <ref>{{cite book |last=Lench |first=Leonid|translator-last1=Tudor |translator-first=Andrei|translator-last2=Mihail|translator-first2=M.|date= |title=Schițe Humoristice |trans-title=Funny Stories |url= |language=ro |location= |publisher= |isbn=|oclc=856655306}}</ref>

===Musicology=== ====Books==== * (1951) ''Sovietic music in full swing'' Pref.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bodur |first1=Anda |last2=Steinberg|first2=Ada|date=1951 |title=Muzica sovietică în plin avânt |trans-title=Sovietic music in full swing |oclc=1347180833|url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |publisher=Cartea Rusă A.R.L.U.S. |isbn=}}</ref>   * (1957) ''Enescu'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1957 |title=Enescu |trans-title= |url= |language= |location=Bucharest |publisher=Foreign Languages Pub. House |isbn=|oclc=1029409}}</ref><ref group=Note name=Note09/> * (1959) ''George Enescu: His Life in Pictures'' <ref>{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1959 |title=George Enescu: His Life in Pictures |trans-title= |url= |language= |location=Bucharest |publisher=Music Pub. House of the Composers' Union of the Rumanian People's Republic |isbn=|oclc=7082413}}</ref>

====Essays==== * (1945) ''A note on tradition in soviet music'' <ref name=Foot11/>  * (1947) ''Three decades of soviet music'' <ref name=Foot10/>  * (1956) ''Enescu's work and the problems of folk themes use in musical creation'' <ref>{{cite journal |last=Tudor |first=Andrei |date=1956 |trans-title=Enescu's work and the problems of using folk themes in musical creation|title=Opera lui George Enescu și problemele folclorului în creația muzicală |url=https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?volum=15777-studii-si-cercetari-de-istoria-artei-scia--3-4-3-1956 |language=ro |journal=Romanian Academy, Art History Institute, Art History: Studies and Research |volume=3-4 |issue= |pages=245–253 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1955) ''Eduard Caudella and the Romanian lyrical theatre'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=1955 |title=Eduard Caudella și teatrul liric Românesc |url=https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?volum=15776-studii-si-cercetari-de-istoria-artei-scia--1-2-1-1955 |journal=Romanian Academy, Art History Institute, Art History: Studies and Research |volume=1-2 |issue= |pages=277–289 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1959) ''New creative aspects of contemporary Romanian symphonic music'' <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tudor|first1=Andrei|date=1959|title=Aspecte noi în creația simfonică rominească contemporană|url=https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?volum=19589-studii-si-cercetari-de-istoria-artei-scia--vi-1-1959|access-date=2023-09-14|volume=6|journal=Romanian Academy, Art History Institute, Art History: Studies and Research |pages=187–202}}</ref>

====Articles==== <ref group=Note name=Note11/> * (1946) ''Music Chronicle'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=June 1946 |title=Music Chronicle |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=2 |pages=92–100 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1946) ''The Society of Rumanian Composers'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=August 1946 |title=The Society of Rumanian Composers |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=4–5 |pages=126–129 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1946) ''The Forthcoming Musical Season'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=October 1946 |title=The Forthcoming Musical Season |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=6|pages=89–91 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1947) ''Rumanian Musicians and the Exchange of Culture'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=1947 |title=Rumanian Musicians and the Exchange of Culture |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=1–2|pages=96–99 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1947) ''Opening of the Season'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=1947 |title=Opening of the Season |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=8–9|pages=116–119 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1947) ''Rumanian Artistic Relations With Foreign Countries'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=February 1947 |title=Rumanian Artistic Relations With Foreign Countries |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=10|pages=81–87 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref> * (1955) ''Rumanian Music Forges Ahead'' <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tudor |first1=Andrei |date=February 1947 |title=Rumanian Music Forges Ahead |url=https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999514164102121/cite |journal=Rumanian Review|issue=4|volume=IX|pages=105–112|doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref>

==Notes== {{reflist|group=Note|refs= <ref name=Note01> Mihail Sebastian collaborated on the translation of Francis Jammes's "Prayer for a child that he may not die". They were classmates throughout their school years; "Abraham and David Schwarzman" grammar school, Nicolae Bălcescu National College and University of Bucharest Law School.</ref><ref name=Note02> „Rampa", „Cuvântul", „Facla", „Zorile" (cultural section editor), „Săptămâna literară, plastică, teatrală", „Vremea", „Meridian", „Adam", „Litere", „Premergătorul", „Stilet", „Curierul" (Brăila), „Start", „Omul liber", etc. After 1944 he writes for „Victoria", „Unirea", „Tribuna poporului", „Viața capitalei". </ref>

<ref name=Note03> „Convorbiri Literare", „Revista Fundațiilor Regale", [https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Universul_literar Universul Literar], „Bilete de papagal" (editor-in-chief Tudor Arghezi), „Tiparnița literară", „Contimporanul" (under the pseudonym Lafcadio), „Excelsior" (under the pseudonym Lafcadio), „Viața de azi", „Viața literară", „Revista Muzicală și poezie", „Azi" (editor-in-chief Zaharia Stancu), „Herald", „Pinguin", „Clopotul", „Contemporanul", „România liberă". After 1944 he writes for „Veac nou", an ARLUS publication.</ref><ref name=Note06> Tudor translated Francis Jammes, Albert Samain, Stefan George and Rainer Maria Rilke before the 2nd World War.</ref>

<ref name=Note09> This is the first Enescu monograph by a Romanian author. In 1955 Bernard Gavoty published the Enescu interviews recorded in 1951 for Radio France. {{cite book|title=Les Souvenirs de Georges Enesco|last=Gavoty|trans-title=Recollections of George Enescu|first=Bernard|language=fr|date=1955|location=Paris|publisher=Flammarion|oclc=2714693}} I. Yampolsky published a pamphlet about Enesco in the USSR in 1956.</ref><ref name=Note10> Mihail Sebastian, Petru Comarnescu, Mircea Eliade, Eugen Ionescu, etc. were fellow contributors to Revista Fundațiilor Regale", „Excelsior" (under the pseudonym Lafcadio), „Azi" (editor-in-chief Zaharia Stancu), „Rampa", etc. </ref>

<ref name=Note11> The ''Rumanian Review'', a monthly literary magazine published in Bucharest in several languages, targeted the surviving intelligentsia within the country and an interested intellectual readership beyond its borders. Articles analysed reflect the Party's requirement that the journal should demonstrate Romania's loyalty to the emerging socialist system, and publicise that, in reorganising the country's cultural life, the Party had not necessarily abandoned Romania's cultural traditions. The study investigates how music was utilised as a tool of governance, how authors shaped their discussion in relation to the prevailing, and sometimes shifting, ideology, and what can be inferred about the supported and marginalized composers in this period. {{cite journal|journal=Music & Politics|title=Promoting Romanian Music Abroad: The Rumanian Review (1946–1956)|last=Crotty|first=Joel|date=Summer 2009|volume=III|issue=2|doi=10.3998/mp.9460447.0003.203|doi-access=free|hdl=2027/spo.9460447.0003.203|hdl-access=free}} </ref> <ref name=Note12> The King Carol II Foundation for Art and Literature was an institution founded by King Ferdinand I on August 12, 1921 and was named after the future sovereign Carol II. Founded on the patronage of Prince Carol II, the Foundation developed a prodigious cultural activity during 1921-1940, after which, due to political events, it declined. </ref> }}

==Citations== <references>

<ref name=Foot01> {{harvnb|Academia Română|2007|page=787–788}} </ref>  <ref name=Foot04> {{harvnb|Hangiu|2008|page=}} </ref>  <ref name=Foot06> {{harvnb|Podoleanu|1935|page=345}}</ref><ref name=Foot07> {{cite book |last=Tudor |first=Andrei |date=1937 |title=Amor 1926 |trans-title=Love 1926 |url= |language=ro |location=Bucharest |publisher=Fundația pentru literatură și artă "Regele Carol II" |isbn=|oclc=606183471}}</ref><ref name=Foot08> {{cite web |url=https://promobalcescubraila74.blogspot.com/2013_12_19_archive.html |title=Andrei Tudor |last=Manolescu |first=Florin Lucian |date= |website=blogspot.com |publisher= |access-date=2023-05-02 |quote=}}</ref><ref name=Foot09> {{cite book |title=Scrieri|last=Lovinescu|first=Eugen|trans-title=Writings|volume=VI|page=171|oclc=19036600|language=ro}}</ref><ref name=Foot10> {{cite journal |last=Tudor |first=Andrei |title=Trei decenii de muzică sovietică |trans-title=Three decades of soviet music|url=http://dspace.bcu-iasi.ro/handle/123456789/59314 |language=ro |journal=Revista Fundațiilor Regale |date=1947|volume=XIV |issue=10–11 |pages=117–123 |doi= |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref><ref name=Foot11> {{cite journal|last=Tudor|first=Andrei|language=ro|title=Notă despre tradiția în muzica sovietica|trans-title=A note on tradition in soviet music|date=1945|journal=Revista Fundațiilor Regale |access-date=2023-05-03|pages=162–164|volume=XII|issue=1|url=http://dspace.bcu-iasi.ro/handle/123456789/59617}}</ref><ref name=Foot12> {{cite encyclopedia | last=Cosma|first=Viorel|encyclopedia=Muzicieni din România|title=Andrei Tudor|volume=9|language=ro|pages=114|date=2006|location=Bucharest|publisher=Music Publishing House|isbn=978-973-42-0441-0}}</ref><ref name=Foot13> {{harvnb|Dumitrescu-Bușulenga|2002}} </ref>

</references>

==Sources== {{refbegin}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Academia Română |encyclopedia=Dicționarul General al Literaturii Române |publisher=Editura Univers Enciclopedic |isbn=978-973-637-070-0 |location=București |language=ro|title=Andrei Tudor| date=2007|trans-title=General Dictionary of Romanian Literature|pages=787–788|oclc=1288698681}} * {{cite encyclopedia | last=Cosma|trans-title=Romanian Musicians|first=Viorel|encyclopedia=Muzicieni din România|title=Andrei Tudor|volume=9|language=ro|pages=114|date=2006|location=Bucharest|publisher=Music Publishing House|isbn=978-973-42-0441-0|oclc=21372940}} * {{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Antologia Poeților Tineri|last=Stancu |trans-title=Young Poets' Anthology|title=Andrei Tudor|first=Zaharia|date=1934|language=ro|publisher=Fundația Pentru Literatură și Artă "Regele Carol II"|oclc=31368873}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Podoleanu |first=S. |encyclopedia=60 Scriitori Români De Origină Evreească |date=1935 |trans-title=60 Romanian Jewish Writers|location=București |language=ro|title=Andrei Tudor|publisher=Slova |volume=2|oclc=252731680|pages=345–348}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Călinescu |first=Gheorghe |encyclopedia=Istoria Literaturii Române Dela Origini Până în Prezent |date=1941 |trans-title=The history of Romanian literature from origins until present|url=https://archive.org/details/george-calinescu-istoria-literaturii-romane-de-la-origini-pana-in-prezent|access-date=2023-05-17|language=ro| title=Andrei Tudor| location=București |pages=818–819|publisher=Fundat̡ia regală pentru literatură s̡i artă |oclc=1064893006}} * {{ cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Judaica | title=Romanian Literature| volume=17 | pages=400|edition=2|ISBN=978-002-865-928-2}}

* {{cite journal|journal= Realitatea Evreiască|url=https://www.jewishfed.ro/index.php/publicatii-mainmenu-123/87-realitatea-evreiasca|trans-title=A musicologist poet|title=Un Muzicolog Poet|language=ro|trans-journal=The Jewish Reality|date=2002-09-01|number=170-171/970-971|author=Evelin Fonea}}

* {{cite web|website=Romanian Jewish Heritage romanianjewish.com|url=https://romanianjewish.com/?page_id=735|title=Those Jews from Braila|access-date=2024-06-04}}

* {{cite web|url=https://promobalcescubraila74.blogspot.com/2013_12_19_archive.html |title=Andrei Tudor |last=Manolescu |first=Florin Lucian |date= |website=blogspot.com |publisher= |access-date=2023-05-02 |quote=}} * {{cite journal|title=Revista Fundațiilor Regale|journal=Revista Fundațiilor Regale|trans-journal=The Journal of the Royal Foundation for Art and Literature|language=ro|oclc=3092764}} * {{cite journal|journal=Music & Politics|title=Promoting Romanian Music Abroad: The Rumanian Review (1946–1956)|last=Crotty|first=Joel|date=Summer 2009|volume=III|issue=2|doi=10.3998/mp.9460447.0003.203|doi-access=free|hdl=2027/spo.9460447.0003.203|hdl-access=free}} * {{cite book |last=Grăsoiu |first=Dorina |language=ro|title=Mihail Sebastian Sau Ironia Unui Destin |date=1986 |trans-title=Mihail Sebastian or An ironic destiny|location=București |publisher=Editura Minerva |oclc=18064988}} * {{cite book |first=Ion |last=Hangiu |date=2008 |title=Romanian publications from origin to present. Chronological dictionary 1790–2007 |location=București |publisher=Editurii Comunicare.ro |isbn=978-973-711-163-0}} * {{cite book |last=Mitchievici |first=A. |author-link= |date=2019 |title=Shadows of Paradise: Romanian Intellectuals and the Soviet Union |chapter=Shadows of Paradise |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7829/j.ctvs1g8th.8 |location= |publisher=Central European University Press |pages=99–124 |jstor=10.7829/j.ctvs1g8th.8 |isbn=9789633863039}} * {{cite journal |journal=Magazin Istoric|date=2002|issue=2|trans-title=Pro-Arte: A forgotten music conservatory|title=Un conservator uitat: pro-arte|last=Dumitrescu-Bușulenga |first=Zoe |url=https://www.memoria.ro/marturii/perioade_istorice/perioada_interbelica/un_conservator_uitat:_pro-arte/794/pagina-2/ |access-date=2023-05-07 |quote=}}  {{refend}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tudor, Andrei}} Category:1907 births Category:1959 deaths Category:People from Brăila Category:Romanian poets Category:Romanian musicologists Category:Romanian translators Category:Romanian male poets Category:20th-century Romanian poets Category:Romanian newspaper editors Category:French–Romanian translators Category:Yiddish–Romanian translators Category:Russian–Romanian translators Category:German–Romanian translators Category:Jewish Romanian writers Category:Jewish Romanian writers banned by the Antonescu regime Category:20th-century Romanian male writers Category:University of Bucharest alumni Writers Category:Modernist writers Contimporanul