List of phobias

{{Short description|List of fears of different things or objects}} {{redirect|-phobia|the class of psychological disorders|Phobia}} {{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}} <!--

Note to editors:

There are many made-up words for specific phobias that can be found out on the Internet. Please don't add any phobias to this list unless you can provide a reliable source that establishes that the name is actually used for a real medical condition, or there is a Wikipedia article that provides at least one such source.

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The English suffixes '''-phobia''', '''-phobic''', '''-phobe''' (from Greek {{lang|grc|φόβος}} {{translit|grc|phobos}}, 'fear') occur in technical usage in psychiatry to construct words that describe irrational, abnormal, unwarranted, persistent, or disabling fear as a mental disorder (e.g., agoraphobia), in chemistry to describe chemical aversions (e.g., hydrophobic), in biology to describe organisms that dislike certain conditions (e.g., acidophobia), and in medicine to describe hypersensitivity to a stimulus, usually sensory (e.g., photophobia). In common usage, they also form words that describe dislike or hatred of a particular thing or subject (e.g., homophobia). The suffix is antonymic to ''-phil-''.

For more information on the psychiatric side, including how psychiatry groups phobias such as agoraphobia, social phobia, or simple phobia, see phobia. The following lists include words ending in ''-phobia'', and include fears that have acquired names. In some cases, the naming of phobias has become a word game, a notable example being a 1998 humorous article published by BBC News.<ref name=bbc>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/entertainment/173250.stm The A–Z of Fear], a 30 October 1998 BBC News unsigned article in the "Entertainment" section</ref> In some cases, a word ending in ''-phobia'' may have an antonym with the suffix ''-phil-'', e.g., Germanophobe/Germanophile.

Many ''-phobia'' lists circulate on the Internet, with words collected from indiscriminate sources, often copying each other. Also, a number of psychiatric websites exist that at the first glance cover a huge number of phobias, but in fact use a standard text to fit any phobia and reuse it for all unusual phobias by merely changing the name. Sometimes it leads to bizarre results, such as suggestions to cure "prostitute phobia".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.webpronews.com/insidesearch/insidesearch/wpn-56-20050825ContentSpammersHelpYouOvercomeProstitutePhobia.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213164100/http://archive.webpronews.com/insidesearch/insidesearch/wpn-56-20050825ContentSpammersHelpYouOvercomeProstitutePhobia.html| archive-date=13 February 2017| url-status=dead| title=Content Spammers Help You Overcome Prostitute Phobia |publisher=Webpronews.com |date=25 August 2005 |access-date=26 August 2013}}</ref> Such practice is known as content spamming and is used to attract search engines.

An article published in 1897 in the ''American Journal of Psychology'' noted, "the absurd tendency to give Greek names to objects feared (which, as Arndt says, would give us such terms as klopsophobia – fear of thieves and {{Not a typo|triakaidekaphobia}} [''sic''] – fear of the number 13&nbsp;...)".<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Hall GS |title=A Study of Fears |journal=American Journal of Psychology |volume=8 |number=2 |date=1897 |page=157 |jstor=1410940 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |doi=10.2307/1410940 |issn = 0002-9556}}</ref>

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== Psychological conditions == {{more medical citations needed|section|date=July 2023}} Specialists may prefer to avoid the suffix ''-phobia'' and use more descriptive terms such as personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and avoidant personality disorder. Terms should strictly have a Greek prefix, although many are irregularly formed with Latin or even English prefixes. Many use inaccurate or imprecise prefixes, such as aerophobia (fear of air) for fear of flying. {{Incomplete list|date=June 2014}}

{{Compact TOC |name=}} === A === {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Achluophobia |fear of darkness |- |Acousticophobia |fear of noise – a branch of phonophobia |- |Acrophobia |fear of heights |- |Aerophobia |fear of aircraft or flying |- |Agoraphobia |fear of certain inescapable/unsafe situations |- |Agyrophobia | fear of crossing streets |- |Aichmophobia |fear of sharp or pointed objects such as needles, pins or knives |- |Ailurophobia |fear/dislike of cats, a zoophobia |- |Alektorophobia |fear/dislike of chickens, a zoophobia |- |Anatidaephobia |fear/dislike of ducks, a zoophobia |- |Algophobia |fear of pain |- |Ancraophobia |fear of wind or drafts |- |Androphobia |fear of adult men<ref name="Campbell2009">{{cite book | vauthors = Campbell RJ |title=Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=76vPu_G2UkgC&pg=PA375|year=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-534159-1|pages=375–}}</ref> |- |Anthropophobia |fear of human beings<ref name="Campbell2009"/> |- |Apeirophobia |excessive fear of infinity, eternity, and the uncountable |- |Aphenphosmphobia |fear of being touched |- |Apiphobia |fear of bees, a zoophobia |- |Apotemnophobia |fear of amputees or of becoming an amputee<ref>{{cite news |author=Anonymous |title=Apotemnophobia (Fear of People with Amputations) |url=https://psychtimes.com/apotemnophobia-fear-of-people-with-amputations/ |website=Psych Times |location=Covington, Louisiana |date=12 September 2021 |access-date=13 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Anonymous |title=What it's like to live with apotemnophobia – an intense fear of amputation |url=https://metro.co.uk/2018/11/10/what-its-like-to-live-with-apotemnophobia-an-intense-fear-of-amputation-8118164/ |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Metro.co.uk |location=London, England |agency=Associated Press Newspapers Limited |date=10 November 2018}}</ref> |- |Aquaphobia |fear of water. Distinct from hydrophobia, a scientific property that makes chemicals averse to interaction with water, as well as an archaic name for rabies. |- |Arachnophobia |fear of spiders and other arachnids such as scorpions, a zoophobia |- |Astraphobia |fear of thunder and lightning |- |Atelophobia |fear of imperfection; a synonym of perfectionism |- |Athazagoraphobia |fear of forgetting, forgetfulness or being forgotten<ref>{{Cite web |title=This Phobia Causes the Fear of Being Forgotten and Forgetting Others |url=https://www.health.com/athazagoraphobia-8675268 |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Health |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McKnight |first=Peter |date=13 April 2023 |title=Fear of forgetting, or being forgotten, is an epidemic |url=https://vancouversun.com/opinion/columnists/peter-mcknight-fear-of-forgetting-or-being-forgotten-is-an-epidemic |website=Vancouver Sun}}</ref> |- |Atychiphobia |fear of failure<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-21 |title=Fear of failure (atychiphobia): Symptoms and treatment |url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/fear-of-failure |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=medicalnewstoday.com |language=en}}</ref> or negative evaluations by others |- |Autophobia |fear of isolation<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Gould GM | title = The Practitioner's Medical Dictionary | url = https://archive.org/details/practitionersme00goul | publisher = P. Blackiston's Son & Co | location = Philadelphia | edition = 2nd | year = 1910 | page = [https://archive.org/details/practitionersme00goul/page/100 100] }}</ref> |}

=== B ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Bacteriophobia |fear of bacteria |- |Basophobia, basiphobia |fear of falling, fear associated with astasia-abasia, or fear of walking/standing erect |- |Batrachophobia |fear/dislike of frogs and other amphibians, a zoophobia |- |Belonephobia |fear of needles or pins<ref>{{Cite web |last=Akinola |first=Deborah |date=2020-10-17 |title=Belonephobia: The Fear of Pins and Needles |url=https://asoothinghealth.com/belonephobia/ |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=a Soothing Health |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yim |first=Louisa |date=Aug 2006 |title=Belonephobia--a fear of needles |journal=Australian Family Physician |volume=35 |issue=8 |pages=623–624 |issn=0300-8495 |pmid=16894439}}</ref> |- |Bibliophobia |fear of books |- |Blood-injection-injury type phobia |a ''DSM-IV'' subtype of specific phobias |}

=== C ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Cacophobia, aschimophobia |fear of ugliness |- |Carcinophobia |fear of cancer |- |Catoptrophobia |fear of mirrors |- |Cephalalgiaphobia |fear of headaches |- |Chemophobia |fear of chemicals |- |Cherophobia |fear of happiness |- |Chionophobia |fear of snow<ref>[https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22592-chionophobia-fear-of-snow Chionophobia (Fear of snow)], Cleveland Clinic, Accessed:4 November 2024</ref> |- |Chromophobia, chromatophobia |fear of colors |- |Chronophobia |fear of time and time moving forward |- |Cibophobia, sitophobia |aversion to food, synonymous with anorexia nervosa |- |Claustrophobia |fear of having no escape and being closed in |- |Coprophobia |fear of feces or defecation<ref name="Campbell2009" /> |- |Coulrophobia |fear of clowns<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Planting T, Koopowitz SM, Stein DJ | title = Coulrophobia: An investigation of clinical features | journal = The South African Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 28 | pages = 1653 | date = 2022-01-19 | pmid = 35169508 | pmc = 8831965 | doi = 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1653 }}</ref> |- |Cyberphobia |fear of computers |- |Cynophobia |fear/dislike of dogs, a zoophobia |}

=== D ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Dendrophobia |fear of trees<ref>{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Frost |author-link=Robert Frost |year=1923 |chapter=New Hampshire [poem] |title=New Hampshire |publisher=Standard Ebooks |page=14 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BhsZEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT14}}<br>"But his heart failing him, he dropped the axe <br>And ran for shelter quoting Matthew Arnold: <br>'... Remember Birnam Wood! The wood's in flux!' <br>He had a special terror of the flux <br>That showed itself in dendrophobia."</ref><ref>{{cite journal |first=Gabriele |last=Schwab |date=Winter 2021 |title=Trees, Fungi, and Humans: A Transspecies Story |journal=CR: The New Centennial Review |publisher=Michigan State University Press |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=245–267 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/856154 |quote=Years ago, I had a terrifying nightmare. I was back in Konstanz, my German hometown, walking in a beautiful forest adjacent to the lake. Suddenly, the giant trees surrounding me ripped their roots out of the earth and began to run after me, chasing me all the way out of the forest. I ran and ran, fearing for my life. Later I learned that my dream had its roots in an ancient phobia of trees called dendrophobia, a primordial terror linked to a sense that trees are more alive than we think. For those suffering from dendrophobia, trees have a paradoxical mobility that enables them to use their roots to grab humans or even kill them by willfully dropping their branches on them. Dendrophobia, an officially recognized mental illness that may in extreme cases lead to institutionalization, is linked to trees being recognized not simply as living beings but rather as hostile ones, intent on inflicting harm on humans or even killing them.}}</ref> |- |Dental fear, odontophobia |fear of dentists and dental procedures |- |Dentophobia |fear of dentists |- |Domatophobia |fear of houses |- |Driving phobia, driving anxiety |fear of driving |- |Body dysmorphic disorder, dysmorphophobia |a phobic obsession with a real or imaginary body defect |- |Dystichiphobia |fear of being involved in an accident<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dystychiphobia (Fear of Accidents): Symptoms & Treatment |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22604-dystychiphobia-fear-of-accidents |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> |}

=== E ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Ecophobia |fear of cataclysmic environmental change |- |Eisoptrophobia |fear of mirrors or seeing one's reflection in a mirror<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Sue D, Sue DW, Sue DM, Sue S |title=Essentials of Understanding Abnormal Behavior|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BbgWAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT126|date=15 February 2013|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-285-62475-4|pages=126–}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pitchot W | title = Effective treatment of eisoptrophobia with duloxetine: a case report | journal = The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders | volume = 16 | issue = 5 | date = 11 September 2014 | pmid = 25667801 | pmc = 4321006 | doi = 10.4088/PCC.14l01636 }}</ref> (not to be confused with catoptrophobia) |- |Emetophobia |fear of vomiting |- |Enochlophobia |fear of crowds |- |Entomophobia |fear/dislike of insects, a zoophobia |- |Ephebiphobia |fear of youth; inaccurate, exaggerated and sensational characterization of young people |- |Equinophobia |fear of horses, a zoophobia |- |Ergophobia, ergasiophobia |fear of work or functioning, or a surgeon's fear of operating |- |Erotophobia |fear of sexual love or sexual abuse |- |Eurotophobia |aversion to female genitals |}

=== F ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Frigophobia |fear of becoming too cold |}

=== G ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Galeophobia |fear of sharks |- |Gamophobia |fear of marriage |- |Gelotophobia |fear of being laughed at |- |Gephyrophobia |fear of bridges |- |Genophobia, coitophobia |fear of sexual intercourse |- |Genuphobia |fear of knees or the act of kneeling |- |Gerascophobia |fear of growing old or aging |- |Gerontophobia |fear of growing old, or a hatred or fear of the elderly |- |Globophobia |fear of balloons |- |Glossophobia |fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak |- |Gymnophobia |fear of nudity<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Bullough VL, Bullough B |title=Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia|date=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135825096|page=449|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UHymAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA449|language=en}}</ref> |- |Gynophobia |fear of adult women |}

=== H ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Halitophobia |fear of bad breath |- |Haphephobia |fear of being touched |- |Heptadekaphobia, heptadecaphobia |fear of the number 17 |- |Hedonophobia |fear of obtaining pleasure |- |Heliophobia |fear of the sun or sunlight |- |Vermiphobia, helminthophobia, scoleciphobia |fear of worms or parasitic worms, <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Winkler K | title = [Helminthophobia] | journal = Zeitschrift für Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten | volume = 22 | issue = 2 | pages = 47–52 | date = January 1957 | pmid = 13409951 }}</ref> a zoophobia |- |Hemophobia, haemophobia |fear of blood |- |Herpetophobia |fear/dislike of reptiles or amphibians, a zoophobia |- |Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia |fear of the number 666 |- |Hippophobia |fear/dislike of horses,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Papakostas YG, Daras MD, Liappas IA, Markianos M | title = Horse madness (hippomania) and hippophobia | journal = History of Psychiatry | volume = 16 | issue = Pt 4 (no 64) | pages = 467–471 | date = December 2005 | pmid = 16482685 | doi = 10.1177/0957154X05051459 | s2cid = 2721386 | url = https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00570821/file/PEER_stage2_10.1177%252F0957154X05051459.pdf }}</ref> a zoophobia |- |Hodophobia |fear of travel |- |Hypnophobia, somniphobia |fear of sleep or nightmares<ref>{{cite book|title=A dictionary of medical science: containing a full explanation of the various subjects and terms of anatomy, physiology, ...| vauthors = Dunglison RJ |edition = 21st |publisher = Lea Brothers & Co.|year= 1895|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NlAPAAAAYAAJ&q=hypnophobia&pg=PA557}}</ref> |- |Hypochondria |fear of illness |}

=== I ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Ichthyophobia |fear of fish, including fear of eating fish, or fear of dead fish, a zoophobia |- |Insectophobia |fear of insects, a zoophobia |}

=== K ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Katsaridaphobia |fear of cockroaches, a zoophobia<ref>{{cite web|title= Cockroaches: The insect we're programmed to fear|url= https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20140918-the-reality-about-roaches|website=BBC|date= 18 September 2014|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref> |- |Kinesiophobia |fear of movement |- |Koumpounophobia |fear of buttons on clothing<ref name="RussellLintern2016">{{cite book| vauthors = Russell J, Lintern F, Gauntlett L |title=Cambridge International AS and A Level Psychology Coursebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRziDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT150 |access-date=2 March 2017 |date=2016-09-01 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781316605691 |page=144}}</ref> |}

=== L ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Lilapsophobia |fear of tornadoes or hurricanes |- |Lepidopterophobia | fear of butterflies and moths, a zoophobia |- |}

=== M ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Mageirocophobia |fear of cooking |- |Masklophobia |fear of people in masks, costumes and mascots |- |Melissophobia, apiphobia |fear/dislike of bees, a zoophobia |- |Monophobia |fear of being alone or isolated or of one's self |- |Musophobia, murophobia, suriphobia |fear/dislike of mice or rats, a zoophobia |- |Mycophobia |fear of mushrooms<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ott |first=Jonathan |date=1976 |title=Psycho-mycological studies of Amanita–from ancient sacrament to modern phobia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02791072.1976.10472005?journalCode=ujpd19 |journal=Journal of Psychedelic Drugs|volume=8 |pages=27–35 |doi=10.1080/02791072.1976.10472005 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> |- |Myrmecophobia |fear of ants, a zoophobia |- |Mysophobia, germophobia |fear of germs, contamination or dirt |}

=== N ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Necrophobia |fear of corpses or things associated with death (not to be confused with death anxiety) |- |Neophobia, cainophobia, cainotophobia, centophobia, kainolophobia, kainophobia, metathesiophobia, prosophobia |fear of newness, novelty, change or progress |- |Noctiphobia |fear of the night |- |Nomophobia |fear of being out of mobile phone contact |- |Nosocomephobia |fear of hospitals |- |Nosophobia |fear of contracting a disease |- |Numerophobia |fear of numbers |- |Nyctophobia, achluophobia, lygophobia, scotophobia |fear of darkness |}

=== O ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Odontophobia |dental fear |- |Ommetaphobia |fear of eyes |- |Oneirophobia |fear of dreams |- |Ophidiophobia |fear/dislike of snakes, a zoophobia |- |Ophthalmophobia, spotligectophobia, scopophobia, scoptophobia |fear of being stared at |- |Ornithophobia |fear/dislike of birds, a zoophobia |- |Osmophobia, olfactophobia |fear of odors |- |Ostraconophobia |fear/dislike of shellfish, a zoophobia<!-- Dubious ... there is a page on this but no mention in all of PubMed --> |}

=== P ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Panphobia |fear of everything or constant generalised fear of an unknown cause |- |Pedophobia, paedophobia, pediaphobia |fear of babies and children |- |Phagophobia |fear of swallowing |- |Phallophobia |fear of erections or penises |- |Pharmacophobia |fear of medications |- |Phasmophobia |fear of ghosts or phantoms |- |Philophobia |fear of love |- |Phyllophobia |fear of leaves<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |language=en|chapter=phobo-, phob-, -phobia, -phobias, -phobe, -phobiac, -phobist, -phobic, -phobism, -phobous|encyclopedia=English-Word Information (wordinfo.info)|chapter-url=https://wordinfo.info/unit/2723/page:33|quote=phyllophobia… An excessive fear of leaves: Each time Virginia saw the excessive amount of leafage on the ground in the fall, she had phyllophobia because it was the time of year to do the raking which took many days to complete! |access-date=25 February 2023 |title=Phobo-, phob-, -phobia, -phobias, -phobe, -phobiac, -phobist, -phobic, -phobism, -phobous – Word Information }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |language=en|date=September 2002|first=Teresa |last=Doran |title=Chewproof (review) |magazine=Books Ireland |number=251 |publisher=Wordwell Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BS8iAQAAMAAJ&q=%22%2B%E2%80%9Cphyllophobia%E2%80%9D%22|page=215|quote=However it might be useful this autumn to know that phyllophobia is a fear of leaves…. |access-date=26 February 2023 |issn=0376-6039 |isbn=978-1-902420-54-7 |doi=10.2307/20632455 |jstor=20632455}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |language=en|year=2003|first=John G. |last=Robertson|title=An Excess of Phobias and Manias: A Compilation of Anxieties, Obsessions, and Compulsions That Push Many Over the Edge of Sanity|publisher=Senior Scribe Publications|isbn=978-0-9630919-3-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r4PgawVAzB8C&dq=phyllophobia&pg=PA146|page=146|quote=phyllophobia: An excessive fear of leaves. |access-date=26 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |language=en |first=Ron |last=Wolfe |url=https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2016/oct/22/jump-in-if-you-re-not-phyllophobic-2016/ | title=Jump in, if you're not phyllophobic |newspaper=Arkansas Democrat-Gazette |issn=1060-4332| date=22 October 2016 |quote=Phyllophobia, the fear of leaves, might not be as much in the news this autumn as coulrophobia, the fear of clowns. But anywhere that crinkly, dead leaves are, some people are scared of them.}}</ref> |- |Phobophobia |fear of fear itself or of having a phobia |- |Phonophobia |fear of loud sounds or voices |- |Pogonophobia |fear of beards |- |Pornophobia |dislike or fear of pornography; may be used in reference to the opposition to visual nudity |- |Porphyrophobia |fear of the color purple, a chromophobia |- |Pteromerhanophobia |fear of flying |- |Pyrophobia |fear of fire |}

=== R ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Radiophobia |fear of radioactivity or X-rays |- |Ranidaphobia |fear/dislike of frogs, a zoophobia |}

=== S ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Scopophobia, scoptophobia, ophthalmophobia, spotligectophobia |fear of being looked at or stared at |- |Sexophobia |fear of sexual organs or sexual activities |- |Siderodromophobia |fear of trains or railroads |- |Social phobia |fear of people or social situations |- |Spectrophobia |fear of mirrors |- |Spheksophobia |fear of wasps, a zoophobia |- |Stasiphobia |fear of standing or walking |- |Submechanophobia |fear of partially or fully submerged man-made objects<ref>{{cite book| veditors = Roane HS, Ringdahl JE, Falcomata TS |date=2015|title=Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis|publisher=Academic Press |page=461 |isbn=978-0-12-420249-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.popularmechanics.com/adventure/outdoors/g29370431/best-shipwrecks/ |title=The 25 Coolest Shipwrecks in the World| vauthors = Linder C |date=29 November 2019|website=Popular Mechanics|access-date=7 July 2020}}</ref> |}

=== T ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Taphophobia, taphephobia |fear of graves, or fear of being placed in a grave while still alive |- |Technophobia |fear of advanced technology (see also Luddite) |- |Telephone phobia |fear or reluctance of making or taking telephone calls |- |Teratophobia |fear of giving birth to a monster<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teratophobia definition and meaning | work = Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/teratophobia|access-date=2021-02-12 |language=en}}</ref> or a disfigured foetus<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teratophobia (Concept Id: C0522188) | work = MedGen | publisher =National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine |url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/637111|access-date=2021-02-12 }}</ref> |- |Tetraphobia |fear of the number 4 |- |Thalassophobia |fear of the sea, or fear of being in the ocean |- |Thanatophobia |fear of dying, a synonym of death anxiety; not to be confused with necrophobia |- |Thermophobia |fear of intolerance to high temperatures |- |Tokophobia |fear of childbirth or pregnancy |- |Tomophobia |fear of invasive medical procedures<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schmid M, Wolf RC, Freudenmann RW, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C | title = Tomophobia, the phobic fear caused by an invasive medical procedure – an emerging anxiety disorder: a case report | journal = Journal of Medical Case Reports | volume = 3 | article-number = 131 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 20062769 | pmc = 2803803 | doi = 10.1186/1752-1947-3-131 | doi-access = free }}</ref> |- |Tonitrophobia |fear of thunder |- |Toxiphobia, toxophobia, iophobia |fear of being poisoned |- |Traumatophobia |a synonym for injury phobia: fear of having an injury |- |Trichophobia |delusional fear of something in the roots of the hair that stops it from growing,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Basavaraj KH, Navya MA, Rashmi R | title = Relevance of psychiatry in dermatology: Present concepts | journal = Indian Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 52 | issue = 3 | pages = 270–275 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 21180416 | pmc = 2990831 | doi = 10.4103/0019-5545.70992 | doi-access = free }}</ref> or fear of hair loss |- |Triskaidekaphobia, terdekaphobia |fear of the number 13 |- |Trypanophobia, belonephobia, enetophobia |fear of needles or injections |- |Trypophobia |fear of holes or textures with a pattern of holes<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Thomas G |url= http://www.dailyherald.com/article/20121015/entlife/710159967/ |title=Do holes make you queasy or even fearful |newspaper=The Daily Herald |location=Arlington, IL |date=15 October 2012 |access-date=26 August 2013}}</ref> |}

=== V ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Vehophobia |fear of driving |- |Veloxrotaphobia |fear of roller coasters |- |Verminophobia |fear of germs |}

=== Z === {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Zoophobia |fear of animals |}

== Cultural prejudices and discrimination ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Acephobia |fear/dislike of asexual people |- |Aporophobia |fear/dislike of people without financial resources |- |Arophobia |fear/dislike of aromantic people |- |Biphobia |fear/dislike of bisexual people |- |Ephebiphobia |fear/dislike of youth |- |Gayphobia |fear/dislike of gay men (specifically) |- |Gerontophobia |fear/dislike of aging or elderly people |- |Gerascophobia |fear/dislike of aging |- |Heterophobia |fear/dislike of heterosexual people |- |Homophobia |fear/dislike of homosexual people |- |Lesbophobia |fear/dislike of lesbians |- |Paedophobia |fear/dislike of babies or children |- |Psychophobia |fear/dislike of mental illness or mentally ill people |- |Transphobia |fear/dislike of transgender people |}

=== Ethnic/national/religious prejudices and discrimination === The suffix ''-phobia'' is used to coin terms that denote a particular anti-ethnic or anti-demographic sentiment, such as Americanophobia, Europhobia, Francophobia, Hispanophobia, and Indophobia. Often a synonym with the prefix "anti-" already exists (e.g. Polonophobia vs. anti-Polonism). Anti-religious sentiments are expressed in terms such as Christianophobia and Islamophobia.

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Afrophobia |fear/dislike of Africans |- |Albanophobia |fear/dislike of Albanians |- |Anglophobia |fear/dislike of England or English culture |- |Arabophobia |fear/dislike of Arabs |- |Catalanophobia |fear/dislike of Catalans, Catalonia, Catalan culture, or the Catalan language |- |Christianophobia |fear/dislike of Christians |- |Germanophobia |fear/dislike of Germans |- |Hibernophobia |fear/dislike of Irish people |- |Hinduphobia |fear/dislike of Hindus |- |Hispanophobia |fear/dislike of Hispanic people, Hispanic culture, or the Spanish language |- |Hungarophobia |fear/dislike of Hungarians |- |Indophobia |fear/dislike of India or Indian culture |- |Indonesiaphobia |fear/dislike of Indonesia or Indonesian culture |- |Iranophobia |fear/dislike of Iran or Iranian culture |- |Islamophobia |fear/dislike of Muslims |- |Italophobia |fear/dislike of Italians |- |Judeophobia |fear/dislike of Jews |- |Koryophobia |fear/dislike of Koreans |- |Kurdophobia |fear/dislike of Kurds |- |Latinophobia |fear/dislike of Latin people |- |Lusophobia |fear/dislike of Portuguese people, Portuguese culture, or the Portuguese language |- |Malayophobia |fear/dislike of Malays |- |Negrophobia |fear/dislike of Black people |- |Nipponophobia |fear/dislike of Japanese people |- |Polonophobia |fear/dislike of Polish people |- |Romaphobia |fear/dislike of Romani people |- |Russophobia |fear/dislike of Russians |- |Serbophobia |fear/dislike of Serbs |- |Shiaphobia |fear/dislike of Shiites |- |Sinophobia |fear/dislike of Chinese people |- |Theophobia |fear/dislike of God or religion |- |Turcophobia |fear/dislike of Turkish people |- |Ukrainophobia |fear/dislike of Ukrainians |- |Xenophobia |fear/dislike of foreigners |}

== Medical conditions == {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Osmophobia |hypersensitivity causing aversion to odors |- |Phonophobia |hypersensitivity causing aversion to sounds |- |Photophobia |hypersensitivity causing aversion to light |}

== Cultural phenomena ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Bibliophobia |fear or hatred of books, as a cultural phenomenon<ref>{{cite book |title=The Fear of Books | vauthors = Jackson H |author-link=Holbrook Jackson |publisher=University of Illinois |year=1932 |isbn=978-0-252-07040-2}}</ref> |- |Lipophobia |avoidance of fats in food<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischler C | chapter = From lipophilia to lipophobia. Changing attitudes and behaviors towards fat: a socio-historical approach | title = Dietary fats determinants of preference, selection, and consumption | veditors = Mela DJ | location = London, New York | publisher = Elsevier Applied Science | date = 1992 | pages = 103–115 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Askegaard S, Ostberg J | title = Consumers' Experience of Lipophobia: A Swedish Study | journal = Advances in Consume Research | date = 2003 | volume = 30 | pages = 161 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Askegaard S, Jensen AF, Holt DB | title = Lipophobia: A transatlantic concept? | journal = Advances in Consume Research | date = 1999 | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 331–336 | url = https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/8272 }}</ref> (''{{crossreference|see also Lipophobicity}}'') |- |Coronaphobia |fear of COVID-19<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Arora A, Jha AK, Alat P, Das SS | title = Understanding coronaphobia | journal = Asian Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 54 | article-number = 102384 | date = December 2020 | pmid = 33271693 | pmc = 7474809 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102384 }}</ref> |}

== ''-phobia'' in the natural sciences == In the natural sciences, words with the suffix ''-phobia/-phobic'' generally describe a predisposition for avoidance or exclusion. {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" ! width="200px" | Phobia ! width="600px" | Condition |- |Acidophobia |preference for non-acidic conditions |- |Heliophobia |aversion to sunlight |- |Hydrophobia |the property of being repelled by water |- |Lipophobicity |the property of fat rejection (sometimes also called ''lipophobia'') |- |Oleophobicity |the property of oil rejection |- |Photophobia (biology) |a negative phototaxis or phototropism response, or a tendency to stay out of the light |- |Ultrahydrophobicity |the property given to materials that are extremely difficult to get wet |- |Thermophobia |aversion to heat |}

== Jocular and fictional phobias == * Aibohphobia – a humorous term for the fear of palindromes, which is a palindrome itself. The term is a piece of computer humor entered into the 1981 ''The Devil's DP Dictionary''.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Computer Contradictionary| vauthors = Kelly-Bootle S | author-link1 = Stan Kelly-Bootle |chapter=Aibohphobia|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=tZKCZje8178C&dq=%22aibohphobia%22&pg=PA7 7] | date = May 1995 | publisher = MIT Press | isbn = 978-0-262-61112-1 }}</ref> * Anatidaephobia – the fictional fear that one is being watched by a duck. The word comes from the name of the family ''Anatidae,'' and was used in Gary Larson's ''The Far Side''.<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Jenkins J |url=http://sports.uniontrib.com/uniontrib/20060610/news_1mi10jenkins.html|title=I hate to burst Poway Unified's balloon|date=10 June 2006|work=U-T San Diego |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101104034845/http://sports.uniontrib.com/uniontrib/20060610/news_1mi10jenkins.html |archive-date=4 November 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Anoraknophobia – a portmanteau of "anorak" and "arachnophobia". It was used in the ''Wallace & Gromit'' comic book ''Anoraknophobia''. Also the title of an album by Marillion. * Arachibutyrophobia – fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth, from Latin ''{{linktext|arachis}}'' "peanut" and ''{{linktext|butyrum}}'' "butter".<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 May 2021|title=Fear of Peanut Butter: Why Arachibutyrophobia is a Real Phobia|url=https://www.unitedwecare.com/arachibutyrophobia/ |website=United We Care}}</ref> The word is used by Charles M. Schulz in a 1982 installment of his ''Peanuts'' comic strip,<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Schultz C |url=http://www.gocomics.com/peanuts/1982/05/19|title=Peanuts Comic Strip |work=GoComics.com|date=19 May 1982}}</ref> and by Peter O'Donnell in his 1985 Modesty Blaise adventure novel ''Dead Man's Handle''. * Charlophobia – the fictional fear of any person named Charlotte or Charlie, mentioned in the comedic book ''A Duck is Watching Me: Strange and Unusual Phobias (2014),'' by Bernie Hobbs. The phobia was created to mock name bias, a form of discrimination studied by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Chicago.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Name Discrimination Study Finds Lakisha And Jamal Still Less Likely To Get Hired Than Emily And Greg |url=https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2021/08/18/name-discrimination-jobs |access-date=2022-06-14 |website=wbur.org |date=18 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> * Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia – fear of long words,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1575157/Phobia-catalogue-reveals-bizarre-list-of-fears.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1575157/Phobia-catalogue-reveals-bizarre-list-of-fears.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Phobia catalogue reveals bizarre list of fears|date=10 January 2008| vauthors = Farmer B |quote=A catalogue of unusual phobias reveals that the fear of long words is known as hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia.|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> from the root word {{wikt-lang|en|sesquipedalophobia}} combined with ''monstrum'' and ''hippopotamus''. This was mentioned on the first episode of ''Brainiac'' Series Five as a Tickle's Teaser. * Keanuphobia – fear of Keanu Reeves, portrayed in the Dean Koontz book, ''False Memory'', where a woman has an irrational fear of Reeves and has to see her psychiatrist, Mark Ahriman, each week, unaware that she only has the fear in the first place because Ahriman implanted it via hypnotic suggestion to amuse himself. He calls her "''Keanuphobe''" in his head. * Luposlipaphobia – fear of being pursued by timber wolves around a kitchen table while wearing socks on a newly waxed floor. Coined humorously by cartoonist Gary Larson for his comic The Far Side. * Nihilophobia – fear of nothingness, from Latin ''nihil and'' "nothing, none", as described by the Doctor in the ''Star Trek: Voyager'' episode "Night". Voyager's morale officer and chef Neelix has this condition, having panic attacks while the ship was traversing a dark expanse of space known as the Void. It is also the title of a 2008 album by Neuronium. * Robophobia – irrational fear of robots or androids, also known as "Grimwade's Syndrome". It was first used in "The Robots of Death",<ref>{{cite episode |title= The Fourth Dimension | url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/2TdP860FMcY7cJKp0ZHVl5T/the-fourth-dimension |series= Doctor Who |series-link= |network= BBC One |station= |season= 14 |series-no= |number= |minutes= |time= |transcript= |transcript-url= }}</ref> the fifth serial of the 14th season of the British science fiction television series ''Doctor Who.'' * Semaphobia – fear of average web developers to use Semantic Web technologies.<ref>{{cite conference |chapter=A Semantic Description Language for RESTful Data Services to Combat Semaphobia| vauthors = Lanthaler M, Gütl C | title = 5th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (IEEE DEST 2011) | conference = Proceedings of the 2011 5th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST) | location = Daejeon, South Korea |year=2011|doi=10.1109/DEST.2011.5936597|pages=47–53|isbn=978-1-4577-0871-8|s2cid=14815713}}</ref> * Venustraphobia – fear of beautiful women, according to a 1998 humorous article published by BBC News.<ref name=bbc/>

== See also == {{Portal bar|Psychology|Lists}} *{{anl|List of paraphilias}} *{{anl|List of manias}} *{{anl|Childhood phobia}} *{{anl|Specific phobia}}

== References == {{Reflist}}

== Further reading == * {{cite book |title=The Aldrich Dictionary of Phobias and Other Word Families |isbn=1-55369-886-X |publisher=Trafford Publishing | first=Chris |last=Aldrich |date=2 December 2002 |pages=224–236}} * {{cite book |last1=Summerscale |first1=Kate |author1-link=Kate Summerscale |title=The Book of Phobias and Manias |date=6 October 2022 |publisher=Profile Books |isbn=9781788162814}}

== External links == {{Wiktionary category|category=English terms suffixed with -phobia|type=various phobias not found in wikipedia}} {{Commons category|Phobias}} * [http://phobialist.com/ The Phobia List] * [http://www.nursingdegreeguide.org/2010/100-weird-phobias-that-really-exist/ Nursing Degree Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002012944/http://www.nursingdegreeguide.org/2010/100-weird-phobias-that-really-exist/ |date=2 October 2019 }}

{{Mental disorders|selected = neurotic}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phobias, list of}} List of phobias Category:Medical lists Category:Psychology lists Category:Lists of words