Antonov An-148

{{Short description|Ukrainian regional jet aircraft}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}  {{Infobox aircraft | name = An-148/An-158 | image = File:Антонов_Ан-148_01-02,_Киев_-_Антонов_(Гостомель)_RP29608.jpg | caption = Antonov An-158 | type = Regional jet airliner | national_origin = Ukraine | design_group = Antonov | manufacturer = | builder = Antonov Serial Production Plant<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml?locale=en |title=Ukrainian Antonov Design Bureau original AN-148 Specification |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024506/http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml?locale=en |archive-date=27 September 2011 }}</ref> <br> Voronezh Aircraft Production Association{{citation needed|date=April 2023}} | first_flight = 17 December 2004 (An-148)<br />28 April 2010 (An-158) | introduction = 2 June 2009 | retired = | produced = | primary_user = Russian Ministry of Defence | more_users = Cubana de Aviación (historical)<br> Angara Airlines (historical) <br> Air Koryo | number_built = 47<ref name=russianplanes>{{cite web |url=http://russianplanes.net/planelist/Antonov/An-148 |title=Rеестр самолётов типа Антонов Ан-148 |publisher=russianplanes.net |access-date=31 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803031623/http://russianplanes.net/planelist/Antonov/An-148 |archive-date=3 August 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> | status = In service | developed_from = Antonov An-74 | variants = | developed_into = Antonov An-178 }}

The '''Antonov An-148''' ({{langx|uk|Антонов Ан-148}}) is a regional jet designed and primarily built by the Ukrainian aerospace manufacturer Antonov of Ukraine. Between 2009 and 2018, the An-148 was also being produced on a second production line in Russia by Voronezh Aircraft Production Association; however, production of the type in Russia was discontinued as a consequence of the wider souring political relations between Ukraine and Russia.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/25573 |title=Flight International, World Airliner directory - special report |access-date=14 November 2018 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323192416/https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/25573 |archive-date=23 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> While the last Russian-built An-148 was completed in October 2018, Ukraine continued to both produce and develop the type.

Development of the aircraft was started in the 1990s, although the An-148 name was not associated to the project prior to 2001. On 17 December 2004, the prototype performed its maiden flight. The aircraft completed its certification programme on 26 February 2007. On 2 June 2009, the first An-148 entered commercial service with the Ukrainian carrier Aerosvit. The largest export customer for the type was the Russian Ministry of Defence, which ordered 15 Russian-produced An-148s. The An-148 has a maximum range of {{convert|2100|–|4,400|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}} and is able to carry 68–85 passengers, depending on the configuration. The '''Antonov An-158''' is a stretched fuselage version of the aircraft, accommodating up to 100 passengers.

Following a crash in February 2018, all An-148 and An-158 in Russia were grounded by the Russian Ministry of Transport.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rbc.ru/society/20/03/2018/5ab0f8e99a7947133994cdf4 |title=Ространснадзор предписал приостановить полеты Ан-148 после катастрофы |website=rbc.ru |date=20 March 2018 |access-date=20 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529135109/https://www.rbc.ru/society/20/03/2018/5ab0f8e99a7947133994cdf4 |archive-date=29 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://themoscowtimes.com/news/russia-grounds-all-an-148-planes-over-safety-fears-after-plane-crash-60882 |title=Russia Grounds All AN-148 Planes Over Safety Fears After Plane Crash |access-date=20 March 2018 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229235053/https://themoscowtimes.com/news/russia-grounds-all-an-148-planes-over-safety-fears-after-plane-crash-60882 |archive-date=29 December 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> That same year, the Cuban state airline Cubana de Aviación also grounded its An-158 fleet amid reports of technical issues with the aircraft.<ref name=airlinegeeks17may2018>{{Cite web |url=https://airlinegeeks.com/2018/05/17/cubana-de-aviacion-grounds-its-antonov-158-fleet |title=Cubana de Aviación Grounds Antonov 158 Fleet |last=Diaz |first=Pablo |date=17 May 2018 |website=Airline Geeks |language=en |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518215115/https://airlinegeeks.com/2018/05/17/cubana-de-aviacion-grounds-its-antonov-158-fleet/ |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> By the end of 2021, the An-148 reportedly remained in commercial service with a limited number of airlines, including the North Korean state airline Air Koryo, the Russian carrier Angara Airlines, and the Ukrainian start-up Air Ocean Airlines.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/>

==Development== thumb|The first prototype. It made its maiden flight on 17 December 2004. thumb|The first An-158 in April 2010, before its first presentation

The beginning of the An-148 project dates to the early 1990s, when work on modifying the existing Antonov An-74 for passenger duties started, headed by Petro Balabuev. In 2001, the project was redesignated ''An-148''. Changes from the earlier An-74 include the extension of the fuselage and the adoption of a clean-sheet wing design.<ref name="uac_an148_history"/> It was decided to adopt a high-wing design for the An-148 as this would be well-suited to operations from austere airstrips and rough runways; this compatibility was viewed as appealing to certain operators in the remote areas of Russia as well as across Africa and Asia as well.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/>

Another early decision was to power the type using a pair of Ukrainian-build Motor Sich D-436-148 engines. According to Antonov, other variants of the An-148 that were equipped with Western-made engines, producing thrust of {{convert|58.86|-|78.48|kN| kgf lbf|abbr=on}} (such as the General Electric CF34 or Rolls-Royce BR700) were openly being considered during the mid 2000s.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml |title= An-148 |publisher= Antonov ASTC |access-date= 27 June 2006 |year= 2004 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040521181714/http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml |archive-date= 21 May 2004 |url-status= dead}}</ref><ref name = "ain sept2007"/> Around this time, Antonov was reportedly actively pursuing a higher level of Western participation in the An-148 programme; by 2008, 13 Western firms were reportedly involved in aspects of the aircraft.<ref name = "ain july2008">{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2008-07-07/antonov-seeks-western-partners-148 |title = Antonov seeks Western partners for An-148 |website = ainonline.com |first = Vladimir |last = Karnozov |date = 7 July 2008}}</ref> Furthermore, Antonov adopted a Western-style shared risk model for the funding and develop of the An-148, including for its aftersales support model.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/>

In 2002, production of the first three prototypes was begun at AVIANT. On 17 December 2004, the first prototype completed its maiden flight. The second prototype joined the testing programme in April 2005.<ref name="uac_an148_history">{{cite web |url=http://www.uacrussia.ru/en/models/civil/an-148/an-148_history/ |title=History of An-148 |publisher=United Aircraft Corporation |year=2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003132913/http://www.uacrussia.ru/en/models/civil/an-148/an-148_history/ |archive-date=3 October 2011 }}</ref> During the certification programme, the two prototypes performed about 600 flights in total.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml |title=AN-148 |publisher=Antonov Design Bureau |year=2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040521181714/http://www.antonov.com/products/air/air-liner/AN-148/index.xml |archive-date=21 May 2004 }}</ref> On 26 February 2007, the aircraft, its D-436-148 engine and the AI-450-МS auxiliary power unit were certified by both the Interstate Aviation Committee of Russia and the State Aviation Administration of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2007-03-26/148-100-lands-milestone-approvals |title = An-148-100 lands milestone approvals |website = ainonline.com |first = Gregory |last = Polek |date = 26 March 2007}}</ref>

During 2008, Antonov announced that, in response to customer demand, it was launching development of a stretched version of the An-148 regional passenger aircraft, initially referred to as the ''An-148-200'', capable of seating up to 99 passengers in a single-class cabin configuration.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2008-07-15/antonov-launches-stretch-variant-delayed-148 |title = Antonov launches stretch variant of delayed An-148 |website = ainonline.com |first = Julian |last = Moxon |date = 15 July 2008}}</ref> In the following year, this stretched model was rebranded as the ''An-158''; furthermore, a proposed business jet derivative, which had been previously referred to as the ''Sky Cruiser'' and intended to seat between eight and 41 passengers, had also been rebranded as the ''An-168''.<ref name = "ain june2009"/> One of the An-148 prototypes, which was dissembled for structural analysis after completing 600 mission during certification trials between December 2004 and February 2007, was subsequently rebuilt as the first An-158.<ref name = "ain july2008"/> In April 2010, the An-158 prototype performed its first flight; Russian type certification was received in February 2011.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/>

The An-148 was manufactured at both the Ukrainian Kyiv AVIANT plant (now Antonov Serial Production Plant) and Russia's Voronezh Aircraft Production Association (VASO) - the latter was produced under licence from Antonov.<ref name = "ain sept2007">{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2007-09-27/new-regional-airplanes |title = New Regional Airplanes |website = ainonline.com |first = Gregory |last = Polek |date = 27 September 2007}}</ref> Under an production-sharing agreement signed in 2005, Russian enterprises were responsible for producing nearly 70 percent of the aircraft's components while the remainder were sourced from Ukrainian manufacturers;<ref name = "forecast 2023"/> VASO alone supplied the An-148’s tail section, rear fuselage, engine pylons and high-lift devices.<ref name = "ain sept2007"/> In 2009, the list price of the An-148 was about $24–30 million.<ref name="enter"/> On 28 June 2009, the first serially produced An-148, manufactured at VASO in Voronezh, took to the skies.<ref name="uac_an148_history"/><ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2009-07-21/vaso-launches-148-flight-trials |title = VASO Launches An-148 Flight Trials |website = ainonline.com |first = Gregory |last = Polek |date = 21 July 2009}}</ref> A persistent difficulty of the An-148 programme was its slow rate of production, which furthermore proved to be difficult to expand. In light of the then-independent AVIANT plant's initial failure to satisfy growing demand for the An-148, VASO became increasingly involved in the aircraft's manufacture.<ref name="enter"/> Between 2009 and 2018, VASO completed a total of 33 An-148s.<ref name = "ain oct2018"/>

During June 2017, VASO announced that the two final Russian-assembled An-148s would be delivered shortly, after which the project would not see further development.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2017/6/26/9063/ |title=Russia will finish the production of the An-148 after completing the assembly of two aircraft – News – Russian Aviation – RUAVIATION.COM |website=www.ruaviation.com |access-date=15 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816020736/https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2017/6/26/9063/ |archive-date=16 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> In early 2018, Ukraine affirmatively banned sales of Progress D-436 aircraft engines to Russia as a consequence of the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://tass.com/economy/990693 |title=Ukraine bans deliveries of D-436 civil aircraft engines to Russia |publisher=TASS |date = 19 February 2018 |access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref> During October of that year, it was announced that, amid continued disagreements between Russia and Ukraine that could interfere not only with production but also after-sales support of the type, VASO was formally replacing its An-148 production line with one for the Ilyushin Il-112 instead.<ref name = "ain oct2018">{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-10-21/russia-discontinues-148-production-favor-il-112 |title = Russia Discontinues An-148 Production in Favor of Il-112 |website = ainonline.com |first = Vladimir |last = Karnozov |date = 21 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://36on.ru/news/people/79813-v-voronezhe-ispytyvayut-posledniy-layner-an-148-sobrannyy-dlya-minoborony-foto| title=Появились фото испытаний последнего АН-148, собранного в Воронеже для Минобороны |website=36on.ru |language=ru |access-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120095428/http://36on.ru/news/people/79813-v-voronezhe-ispytyvayut-posledniy-layner-an-148-sobrannyy-dlya-minoborony-foto |archive-date=20 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rusaviainsider.com/russia-curtails-production-antonov-148-regional-jet/ |website=Russian Aviation Insider |title=Russia curtails production of the Antonov An-148 regional jet |access-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120093929/http://www.rusaviainsider.com/russia-curtails-production-antonov-148-regional-jet/ |archive-date=20 January 2019 |url-status=live |date=24 October 2018}}</ref>

Numerous variants and derivatives were envisioned for the An-148. For Siberian operators, Antonov planned a model with a higher gross weight and additional fuel capacity in the center tank, extending the range with 75 passengers from {{convert|2198|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}} to {{convert|3598|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}}. An "E" variant was also planned to offer a special {{convert|5100|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}} range, which would have served as a platform for the "E1", capable of non-stop Moscow-Vladivostok {{convert|6995|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}} services carrying 44 passengers.<ref name = "forecast 2023">{{cite web |url = https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_pdf.cfm?DACH_RECNO=1495 |title = Civil aircraft forecast: Antonov An-148 |website = forecastinternational.com |date = May 2023}}</ref>

==Design== thumb|Flight deck thumb|2+3 seating

The Antonov An-148 is a high-wing monoplane that is powered by a pair of turbofan engines that are mounted in pods under the wing. This arrangement protects the engines and wing structure against foreign object damage. The manufacturer claims high fuel efficiency of the Motor Sich D-436-148 engines.<ref name="enter"/> Several features, such as the built-in autodiagnosis system, auxiliary power unit, and the wing configuration, allow the An-148 to be flown to and from austere airstrips. In the cockpit, information from the flight and navigation systems are displayed on five {{convert|15|by|20|cm|in|abbr=on}} liquid crystal display panels built by Russia's Aviapribor. The An-148 is equipped with a fly-by-wire flight control system, which enables the An-148 to operate day and night conditions under instrument flight rules on high-density air routes; it can also be flown under visual flight rules under suitable weather conditions. Similar to the Boeing 737, the main landing gear rotates into the belly of the aircraft when in flight, with partial doors covering the legs, and the sides of the tires remaining exposed. the An-148 features a built-in airstair to enable boarding and disembarking the aircraft without extra ground equipment.<ref name="enter"/>

The An-148-100 regional aircraft is the main model of the An-148. It seats 70 passengers at {{convert|864|mm|in|abbr=on}} or up to 80 passengers at {{convert|762|mm|in|abbr=on}} pitch in a one-class 2+3 seating layout. The aircraft is also configurable in a multiple-class layout which can carry fewer passengers, typically with four abreast business class.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polet.ru/en/passengers/fleet |title=Aircraft fleet |work=polet.ru |access-date=27 May 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616034447/http://www.polet.ru/en/passengers/fleet |archive-date=16 June 2013}}</ref> Other models have been designed for roles including medical evacuation and with an English-language cockpit (for use by Western countries).<ref name = "forecast 2023"/> The stretched An-158, unlike the base An-148, can be outfitted with winglets, which Antonov have stated to have resulted in an 8.5 percent improvement in fuel efficiency.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/>

==Operational history== In April 2005, the Ilyushin Finance Leasing Company ordered the first series of An-148 for the Krasair airline. Lease agreement calls for ten aircraft with an option for five units valued at $270 million.<ref>{{cite news |last= Ryzhkin |first= Sergey |url= http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=583456 |title= Aircraft for the Provinces |date= 7 June 2005 |access-date= 26 June 2006 |publisher= Kommersant |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060708221055/http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=583456 |archive-date= 8 July 2006 |url-status= live}}</ref>

On 2 June 2009, the first An-148 entered commercial service with the Ukrainian carrier Aerosvit.<ref>{{cite news |title=Antonov Design Bureau developing new aircraft on base of An-148, industrial ministry says |publisher=Interfax-Ukraine |date=9 June 2009 |url=http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/economic/15291.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222143333/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/economic/15291.html |archive-date=22 December 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name = "ain june2009">{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2009-06-13/148-enters-service-stretch-version-works |title = An-148 enters service; stretch version in works |website = ainonline.com |first = Gregory |last = Polek |date = 13 June 2009}}</ref> The first passenger flight was from Kharkiv to Kyiv; the aircraft had the civilian registration ''UR-NTA''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karnozov |first1=Vladimir |title=Supporting An-148 |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/docs/3/2010/11/1/2/ |access-date=12 February 2011 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=1 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222023833/http://www.ruaviation.com/docs/3/2010/11/1/2/ |archive-date=22 February 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> By November 2009, Aerosvit was operating the An-148 on the Kyiv–Odesa and Simferopol–Lviv routes, performing two flights per day with the average flight time of 4–5 hours.<ref name="enter">{{cite news |last1=Синицкий |first1=Алексей |date=1 November 2009 |title=Antonov-148 jet enters in service in Russia |url=http://www.ato.ru/content/antonov-148-jet-enters-service-russia |work=Air Transport Observer |publisher=A.B.E Media |access-date=12 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307211501/http://www.ato.ru/content/antonov-148-jet-enters-service-russia |archive-date=7 March 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On 21 December 2009, the An-148 was put into service in Russia with the airline Rossiya; the first passenger flight was FV135 from Pulkovo Airport in Saint Petersburg to Sheremetyevo International Airport in Moscow.<ref name="uac_an148_history"/> By 20 May 2010, Rossiya's An-148 fleet had accumulated a total of 915 flight hours and performed 710 landings.<ref name="prove">{{cite news |last1=Karnozov |first1=Vladimir |title=An-148 proves worthy of airline service |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/docs/2/2010/11/1/6/ |access-date=12 February 2011 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=1 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221052833/http://www.ruaviation.com/docs/2/2010/11/1/6/ |archive-date=21 February 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2010, Rossiya publicly complained that the aircraft was suffering from problems that impacted its reliability; during the first three months of service, the An-148 reportedly encountered one in-flight technical failure every 344 hours.<ref name = "forecast 2023"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Rossiya slams An-148 reliability |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/rossiya-slams-an-148-reliability-347983/|access-date=2 October 2010 |work=Flightglobal|publisher=Flight International |date=1 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170324085142/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/rossiya-slams-an-148-reliability-347983/ |archive-date=24 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition to the allegedly technical problems with the An-148, there were also claims that pilot shortages were occurring due to difficulty in ramping up sufficient training capacity for the type.<ref name="prove"/> However, by 2011 the situation had reportedly improved, permitting fleet utilisation to noticeably rise.<ref>{{cite news |title=An-148 monthly utilization rose to 270 flight hours |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2011/1/19/110/ |access-date=19 January 2011 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=19 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123171300/http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2011/1/19/110/ |archive-date=23 January 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On 15 February 2010, the An-148 started international flights to the European Union (Poland) with the Aerosvit airline.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kyivweekly.com.ua/style/etno/2010/04/01/112045.html |title=A wing to EU |publisher=Kyiv Weekly |date=1 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314115301/http://kyivweekly.com.ua/style/etno/2010/04/01/112045.html |archive-date=14 March 2012}}</ref>

In December 2011, the Russian government awarded a $65 million contract for a pair of VIP-configured An-148s; delivered over the following two years, these were operated by the Special Air Detachment and used to transport senior Russian government officials. Around this time, Ukraine was reportedly considering procuring a similar-configured An-148 specifically for transporting the President of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2012-09-24/russian-government-launch-customer-vip-148 |title = Russian Government Is Launch Customer For VIP An-148 |website = ainonline.com |first = Vladimir |last = Karnozov |date = 24 September 2012}}</ref>

On 18 April 2013, the first serial An-158 version was delivered to the Cuban flagship airline Cubana de Aviación. According to Antonov, Cubana placed an order for a pair of additional aircraft,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/news/253?lang=en |title=The First AN−158 Has Entered into Operation |date=18 April 2013 |access-date=27 May 2013 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730035614/http://www.antonov.com/news/253?lang=en |archive-date=30 July 2013}}</ref> while other sources have claimed that the follow-on order was for ten aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |title=An-158 gearing up for new orders |publisher=Take-off Magazine |url=http://en.take-off.ru/news/102/598 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726003417/http://en.take-off.ru/news/102/598 |archive-date=26 July 2014 |access-date=27 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 28 April 2013, Ukraine's Antonov aircraft maker handed over a third An-158 passenger airliner to Cuba and signed a contract for the delivery of three more.{{citation needed|date=March 2026}}

In April 2016, the Indian company Reliance defense limited and Antonov entered into an agreement to construct an aircraft based on An 148/An 158 for both defense and commercial purposes.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/news/defense-aviation-news/global-news-2016/may/2630-antonov-and-reliance-signed-moc-for-india-s-multi-role-transport-aircraft-program.html |title= Antonov and Reliance signed MoC for India's Multi-role Transport Aircraft program |date= 2 May 2016 |work= Air Recognition }}</ref>

In April 2017, Cubana de Aviación suspended its flights between Havana and Guantánamo due to technical problems with its An-158 fleet. The route from Havana to Holguín also had problems: of 116 planned flights in the first months of 2017, 38 were cancelled and 36 suffered significant delays.<ref name="ddcuba">{{cite news |url=http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1492781209_30551.html |title='Problemas técnicos' de los An-158 provocan retrasos y suspensiones en vuelos nacionales |language=es |trans-title='Technical problems' with the Antonov An-158 cause domestic flight delays and suspensions |work=Diario de Cuba |location=Havana |date=21 April 2017 |access-date=16 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527055032/http://www.diariodecuba.com/cuba/1492781209_30551.html |archive-date=27 May 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> Yoanka Acosta, head of Cubana's commercial division, explained that the planes were leased from Ukraine but spare parts were sourced from Russia, thus the state of conflict between the two countries had affected the supply of parts, making maintenance difficult.<ref name="ddcuba" /> In late April, however, representatives from Antonov and Cubana met and signed a service agreement that extended the aircraft's navigation directives to 3,600 flights and guaranteed the supply of spare parts, although it did not specify a date for normalization.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2017-04-28-u1-e186450-empresa-ucraniana-antonov-y-cubana-aviacion-firman-acuerdo |title=Empresa ucraniana Antonov y Cubana de Aviación firman acuerdo |language=es |trans-title=Ukrainian company Antonov and Cubana de Aviación sign an agreement |work=CiberCuba |location=Havana |date=28 April 2017 |access-date=16 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212083556/https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2017-04-28-u1-e186450-empresa-ucraniana-antonov-y-cubana-aviacion-firman-acuerdo |archive-date=12 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 2018, Rostransnadzor suspended all flights of An-148 in Russia after the crash on 11 February 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://vz.ru/news/2018/3/20/913437.html |title=ВЗГЛЯД / Ространснадзор приостановил эксплуатацию Ан-148 |access-date=15 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001158/https://vz.ru/news/2018/3/20/913437.html |archive-date=16 November 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 2018, Cubana de Aviación grounded its An-158 fleet after it received an order from the Cuban National Aviation Authority after "multiple and repeating failures (had) been found in complex systems, built by mechanical, hydraulic and electrical components, as well as computer performance algorithms", in addition to "evidence of design and manufacturing flaws, serious issues in flight control system, cracks in the structure and engine temperature increase above normal parameters".<ref name=airlinegeeks17may2018 />

On 18 September 2023, the Ukrainian military intelligence claimed a raid against Chkalovsky Air Base, near Moscow, occurred, during which an An-148 was deliberately damaged.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 September 2023 |first= Jake |last= Epstein |title= Saboteurs 'blew up' aircraft at a Russian base in the latest in a string of attacks, causing 'hysteria,' Ukrainian military intelligence reports |language=en-US |work= Business Insider |url= https://www.businessinsider.com/saboteurs-blew-up-aircraft-russian-military-base-cause-hysteria-ukraine-2023-9?amp |access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right" |+ Production ! Total !! 2018 !! 2017 !! 2016 !! 2015 !! 2014 !! 2013 !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008 !! 2007 !! 2006 !! 2005 !! 2004 |- ||'''47'''||3||2||3||5||5||9||4||6||6||2||0||0||0||1||1 |}

==Variants== thumb|The 29.13 m long An-148 thumb|The {{#expr:30.83-29.13}}m longer An-158 thumb|Proposed military An-148-300MP

;An-148-100A:Main version of the An-148. It has a passenger capacity of 85 in a one-class dense configuration or 68 in a two-class configuration, and a range of {{convert|2100|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="an-148 red samovar">{{cite web |title=[Actu] Variantes militaires de l'Antonov An-148 |url=https://redsamovar.com/2017/05/09/actu-variantes-de-lantonov-an-148/ |website=Red Samovar |date=9 May 2017}}</ref> ;An-148-100B:extended-range version, up to {{convert|3500|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="an-148 red samovar"/> ;An-148-100E:Extended-range version, up to {{convert|4400|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="an-148 red samovar"/> and a maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of {{convert|43.7|tonnes|kg lb|abbr=on}} ;An-148-200Unified with An-158 by the rear part of the fuselage. Hence maximum seating capacity is increased to 89 passengers in dense configuration, comparing to 85 for An-148-100. Planned for production in Kyiv with An-158.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aviaport.ru/news/2012/12/07/245210.html |title="Антонов" готовит новую модификацию Ан-148 |work=АвиаПорт.Ru |access-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226182907/http://www.aviaport.ru/news/2012/12/07/245210.html |archive-date=26 December 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> ;An-148-300:previously called An-168, business variant, seating 8-40 passengers, with a range up to {{convert|7000|km|nmi mi|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.deagel.com/news/Atlant-Soyuz-Airlines-Signs-MoU-for-the-Purchase-of-30-An-148s-and-15-Tu-204SMs_n000006333.aspx |title=New customer of ANTONOV-148 |work=Deagel |date=16 June 2009 |access-date=8 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110116052849/http://www.deagel.com/news/Atlant-Soyuz-Airlines-Signs-MoU-for-the-Purchase-of-30-An-148s-and-15-Tu-204SMs_n000006333.aspx |archive-date=16 January 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> ;An-148DRLV:proposed airborne early warning and control variant.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} ;An-158:stretched fuselage version for 99 passengers in a one-class standard configuration.<ref name="disclose">{{cite news |last1=Francis |first1=Leithen |title=Antonov discloses An-158 specifications |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/antonov-discloses-an-158-specifications-332823/ |access-date=17 March 2010 |work=Flightglobal |publisher=Flight International |date=28 September 2009 |location=Beijing, China |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006002819/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/antonov-discloses-an-158-specifications-332823/ |archive-date=6 October 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Zaitsev |first1=Tom |title=Antonov points to 9 May for An-158 first flight |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/antonov-points-to-9-may-for-an-158-first-flight-339542/ |access-date=17 March 2010 |work=Flightglobal |date=16 March 2010 |location=Moscow |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121231230409/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/antonov-points-to-9-may-for-an-158-first-flight-339542/ |archive-date=31 December 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Karnozov |first1=Vladimir |title=An-148 First Revenue Flight |url=http://www.airfleet.ru/arhiv/n3_2009/an-148_first_revenue_flight |access-date=17 March 2010 |magazine=Air Fleet |issue=3 |publisher=A4 Press |date=2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090715182412/http://www.airfleet.ru/arhiv/n3_2009/an-148_first_revenue_flight |archive-date=15 July 2009}}</ref> Other changes include the installation of wingtip fences. The airplane successfully completed its first flight on 28 April 2010, with flight certification tests planned to be completed before the end of 2010;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?shop=dae&modele=release&prod=114634&cat=3 |title=Maiden Flight of AN-158 Has Been Fulfilled without Problems |access-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193324/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?shop=dae&modele=release&prod=114634&cat=3 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> on 3 March 2011, it was given Russian certification.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Russian authorities certificate An-158 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russian-authorities-certificate-an-158-353833/ |access-date=3 March 2011|work=Flightglobal |publisher=Flight International |date=3 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104122927/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russian-authorities-certificate-an-158-353833/ |archive-date=4 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> Nowadays, after flight and land test in night lands airports of Ecuador (Latacunga / Cotopaxi International Airport, 2806 m AMSL) and Bolivia (La Paz / El Alto International Airport, 4061 m AMSL) in November 2013 prepare documentation for obtaining correspondent supplements to the type certificate of this airplane.<ref>{{cite press release |author= |title=ANTONOV−158 completed tests in high mountains|url=http://www.antonov.com/news/285 |publisher=Antonov |date=22 November 2013 |access-date=7 January 2014 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005715/http://www.antonov.com/news/285 |archive-date=3 December 2013}}</ref> ;An-178:cargo variant, with a payload capacity of {{convert|15|tonnes|kg lb|abbr=on}}.<ref name="disclose"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Antonov Design Bureau begins to design An-178 transport aircraft |url=http://nrcu.gov.ua/index.php?id=148&listid=112297 |access-date=17 March 2010 |publisher=Radio Ukraine International |date=24 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220040508/http://nrcu.gov.ua/index.php?id=148&listid=112297 |archive-date=20 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://delo.ua/biznes/ukraina/na-baze-an-158-namereny-sozdavat-gruzovye-samolety-137706/ |title=На базе пассажирских Ан-158 намерены создавать грузовые самолеты |date=23 February 2010 |access-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007104632/http://delo.ua/biznes/ukraina/na-baze-an-158-namereny-sozdavat-gruzovye-samolety-137706/ |archive-date=7 October 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> The wing outer panels (including winglets), front fuselage with cockpit and nosewheel leg come from the An-158. The cargo hold is slightly enlarged, and there is an extra pair of main-wheels on each side.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://aviationweek.com/paris-air-show-2015/latest-antonov-cargo-jet-show |title=Latest Antonov Cargo Jet on Show |date=15 June 2015 |access-date=15 June 2015 |work=Aviation Week |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623102645/http://aviationweek.com/paris-air-show-2015/latest-antonov-cargo-jet-show |archive-date=23 June 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> The An-178 was previously known as the An-148T,<ref>{{cite news |work=AINonline |title=Antonov flies new airlifter; seeks civil and military orders |url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2015-05-08/antonov-flies-new-airlifter-seeks-civil-and-military-orders |given=Vladimir |surname=Karnazov |date=8 May 2015 |department=Defense}}</ref> which would have had the Progress AI-727 turbofan as a potential power plant option.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=Image.UA |title=Advanced aeroengines designed at SE Ivchenko Progress |url=https://issuu.com/image.ua/docs/image.ua_2009.2/67 |department=Ukraine Aviation |pages=65–67 |year=2009 |number=2 |publication-date=27 March 2009}}</ref> ;HESA IrAn-148:Designation of An-148 aircraft proposed for license production from knocked down kits in Iran.

==Orders and deliveries== The following sheet depicts all known orders and deliveries of An-148 aircraft. However it is unclear if all of them are currently operational: {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |- !Airline!!Order!!Delivered!!Refs |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|North Korea}} Air Koryo | 2 | 2 |<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ch-aviation.ch/portal/news/14717-air-koryo-to-rejuvenate-fleet-with-antonov-an-148 |title=Air Koryo to rejuvenate fleet with Antonov An-148 |date=21 November 2012 |access-date=25 May 2013 |publisher=ch-aviation.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=✈ наша авиация |url=https://russianplanes.net/airline/Air_Koryo |access-date=26 December 2022 |publisher=Russianplanes.net |language=ru}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Russia}} Angara Airlines | 5 | 5 |<ref>{{cite web |title=Новый самолет АН-148 авиакомпании "Ангара" совершил посадку в Иркутске |url=http://angara.aero/about/news/205/ |work=Новости |publisher=Angara Airlines |access-date=31 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130223742/http://angara.aero/about/news/205/ |archive-date=30 November 2012 }}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Russia}} Ministry of Defence | 15 |style="text-align:center;"| 15 |<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/june-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-defence-military-industry-technology-/721-the-russian-ministry-of-defence-buys-15-passenger-airplanes-antonov-an-148-1106131.html |title=The Russian Ministry of Defence buys 15 passenger airplanes Antonov AN-148 |publisher=Air Recognition |date=11 June 2013 |access-date=17 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622231555/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/june-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-defence-military-industry-technology-/721-the-russian-ministry-of-defence-buys-15-passenger-airplanes-antonov-an-148-1106131.html |archive-date=22 June 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Russia}} Ministry of Emergency Situations | 2 |style="text-align:center;"| 2 |<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karnozov |first1=Vladimir |title=Emercom orders two An-148s |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/docs/3/2010/11/24/15/ |access-date=16 January 2011 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=24 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229071653/http://www.ruaviation.com/docs/3/2010/11/24/15 |archive-date=29 December 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Russia}} Russian Presidential Administration | 5 | 3 |<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/news/209 |title=The AN−158 and AN−148 enter market of Latin America |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805165531/http://www.antonov.com/news/209 |archive-date=5 August 2012 }}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Ukraine}} Ukraine Air Enterprise | 2 | 2 |<ref name=ainonline> {{cite web |url = https://vk.com/antonov_148 |title = Второй самолет Ан-148 для государственной авиакомпании "Украина" |access-date = 8 December 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141003061802/http://vk.com/antonov_148 |archive-date = 3 October 2014 |url-status = live |df = dmy-all}} </ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|Russia}} Border Guard Service of Russia | 3 | 2 |<ref>{{cite news |title=UAC will deliver three An-148 aircraft to the Federal Security Service |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2014/5/7/2314/ |access-date=25 May 2014 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=7 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525201447/http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2014/5/7/2314/ |archive-date=25 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Cuba}} Cubana de Aviación | 6 | 6 |<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gusarov |first1=Roman |title=Welcoming An-158 in Cuba |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/docs/5/2013/5/15/68/ |access-date=27 May 2015 |publisher=Russian Aviation |date=15 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527144101/http://www.ruaviation.com/docs/5/2013/5/15/68/ |archive-date=27 May 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/cuba/article211426019.html Miami Herald] {{subscription required}}</ref> |- class="sortbottom" !| Total ! 40 ! 37 ! |}

==Incidents and accidents== * On 5 March 2011, an Antonov An-148 (assembled by VASO) carrying test registration 61708 crashed during a test flight in Russia's Belgorod Oblast after an inflight breakup, killing all six crew members on board. An investigation commission found that the crew permitted the aircraft to accelerate more than 60 knots above its "Never Exceed" speed in an emergency descent, which led to the inflight breakup.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hradecky |first1=Simon |title=Crash: Antonov A148 near Voronezh on Mar 5th 2011, in flight break up |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=438db1d5 |access-date=5 March 2011 |work=The Aviation Herald |date=5 March 2011}}</ref> Witnesses on the ground reported a wing had separated from the aircraft in flight. The aircraft was due to be delivered to Myanmar. * On 11 February 2018, an Antonov An-148 operating as Saratov Airlines Flight 703, crashed shortly after takeoff near Ramenskoye, outside of Moscow. The aircraft was carrying 65 passengers and six crew members. There were no survivors. This is the first fatal commercial accident for this aircraft type.<ref name=ASN110218>{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20180211-0 |title=RA-61704 Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=11 February 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211173053/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20180211-0 |archive-date=11 February 2018 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Specifications== thumb|upright=2|Three-view diagram

{| style="text-align: center" class="wikitable" |+ Antonov An-148 specifications<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/passenger-aircraft/an-148 |title=AN-148 |access-date=26 December 2014 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722003904/http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/passenger-aircraft/an-148 |archive-date=22 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=An-148 Flight Performance |url=http://www.uacrussia.ru:80/ru/models/civil/an_148/data/ |publisher=United Aircraft Corporation |access-date=15 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100428042805/http://www.uacrussia.ru/ru/models/civil/an_148/data/ |archive-date=28 April 2010 |language=ru |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="disclose"/><ref> {{Cite web |url=http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-148_1_2.html |title=AN-148-200 Specifications |access-date=17 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715210134/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-148_1_2.html |archive-date=15 July 2007 |url-status=dead }} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028173114/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-148_1_2.html |date=28 October 2007 }}</ref> ! Variant !148-100E !158 * |- ! Cockpit crew | colspan=2 | 2 |- ! Seats | 68–85 | 86–99 |- ! Seat pitch | 30–35 in | 30–34 in |- ! Cargo | {{cvt|14.60|m3|cuft}} | – |- ! Length | {{cvt|29.13|m|ftin|lk=on}} | {{cvt|30.83|m|ftin}} |- ! Wingspan | colspan=2| {{cvt|28.91|m|ftin}} |- ! Wing area | colspan=2| {{cvt|87.32|sqm|sqft}} |- ! Height | colspan=2| {{cvt|8.19|m|ftin}} |- ! Cabin | colspan=2 | {{cvt|3.15|m|ftin}} width × {{cvt|2.00|m|ftin}} height |- ! MTOW | colspan=2 |{{cvt|43700|kg|lb}} |- ! Max. payload | {{cvt|9000|kg|lb}} | {{cvt|5000|kg|lb}} |- ! OEW | colspan=2 | {{cvt|22000|kg|lb}} |- ! Max. fuel | colspan=2 | {{cvt|12050|kg|lb}} |- ! Turbofan (x 2) | Progress D-436-148 | D-436 |- ! Thrust (x 2) | {{cvt|6400|kgf|lbf kN|disp=out|lk=on}} | {{cvt|6830|kgf|lbf kN|disp=out}} |- ! Ceiling | colspan=2 |{{cvt|12200|m|}} |- ! Cruise | colspan=2 | {{cvt|800 to 870|km/h|kn|lk=on}} |- ! Range (75 pax/max PL) | {{cvt|4400|km|nmi}} | {{cvt|2500|km|nmi}} |- ! Fuel burn | {{cvt|1650|kg/h|lb/h}} | {{cvt|1800|kg/h|lb/h}} |- ! Takeoff (MTOW) | {{cvt|1885|m|ft}} | {{cvt|1900|m|ft}} |}

==See also== {{Aircontent |related= * Antonov An-71 * Antonov An-72 * Antonov An-74 * Antonov An-178 |similar aircraft= * BAe 146/Avro RJ * Embraer E-Jet family * Fairchild Dornier 328JET * Fokker 70/100 * Sukhoi Superjet 100 * Tupolev Tu-334 |lists= |see also= }}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category-inline|Antonov An-148}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120821170412/http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/passenger-aircraft/an-148 Antonov An-148 page on the Antonov website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130411001236/http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/passenger-aircraft/an-158 Antonov An-158 page on the Antonov website] * [http://www.spotters.net.ua/video/ Promotional video of the An-148 by Antonov] * 3D-model [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=42286d923b48dfcd63995fb119e59971 ''Antonov ASTC. An-148 twin jet airliner''] for the ″3D Buildings″ layer inside Google Earth * 3D-model [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=d8a749c7265315e218225124bb08a0e '' An-148 jet aircraft take off, Kyiv''] for the ″3D Buildings″ layer inside Google Earth

An-148 Category:2000s Ukrainian airliners Category:Twinjets Category:T-tail aircraft Category:High-wing aircraft Category:Aircraft first flown in 2004 Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear