Amphidraus

{{Short description|Genus of spiders}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = | image_caption = | taxon = Amphidraus | authority = Simon, 1900<ref name=WSC_g2492/> | type_species = ''Amphidraus auriga'' | type_species_authority = Simon, 1900<ref name=WSC_g2492/> | subdivision = See text. | subdivision_ranks = Species | range_map = }} '''''Amphidraus''''' is a genus of South American jumping spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1900.<ref>{{cite journal| last=Simon| first=E.| year=1900| title=Etudes arachnologiques. 30e Mémoire. XLVII. Descriptions d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Attidae| journal=Annales de la Société Entomologique de France| volume=69| pages=27–61| doi=10.1080/21686351.1900.12280033}}</ref> It was previously considered a synonym of ''Nebridia'',<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Zhang| first1=J. X.| last2=Maddison| first2=W. P.| year=2015| title=Genera of euophryine jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), with a combined molecular-morphological phylogeny| journal=Zootaxa| volume=3938| issue=1| pages=1–147| doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3938.1.1| pmid=25947489}}</ref> but this was later rejected by Jerzy Prószyński, who claimed that merging the two genera was not supported by previous diagnostic drawings.<ref>{{cite journal| last=Prószyński| first=J.| year=2017| title=Pragmatic classification of the world's Salticidae (Araneae)| journal=Ecologica Montenegrina| volume=12| pages=73| doi=10.37828/em.2017.12.1| doi-access=free}}</ref>

Members of this genus most closely resemble those of ''Marma'' and the monotypic genus ''Yacuitella''. All three genera have a projection on the embolic disc that is independent from the embolus and a conductor on the distal retro-ventral region of the cymbium, though it is membranous in ''Amphidraus'' and ''Yacuitella'' and sclerotized in ''Marma''. Spiders of ''Amphidraus'' can be distinguished from these other two by the presence of both a proximal tegular lobe and a cylindrical embolic filament that emerges from the distal region of the embolus shaft.<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Salgado| first1=A.| last2=Ruiz| first2=G. R. S.| year=2019| title=Seven new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)| journal=Zootaxa| volume=4563| issue=3| pages=451–481| doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.3| pmid=31716529| s2cid=91853537}}</ref>

==Species== {{As of|2019|02}}, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:<ref name=WSC_g2492>{{citation |title=Gen. ''Amphidraus'' Simon, 1900 |work=World Spider Catalog |publisher=Natural History Museum Bern |url=http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/2492 |accessdate=2019-03-05}}</ref> *''Amphidraus araripe'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus argentinensis'' Galiano, 1997 – Argentina *''Amphidraus auriga'' Simon, 1900 – Bolivia *''Amphidraus belzonte'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus bifidus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus boxhica'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus boomerang'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus caziuanan'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus chie'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus colombianus'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus complexus'' Zhang & Maddison, 2012 – Ecuador *''Amphidraus cornipalpis'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus draconicaudatus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus draconitupan'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus duckei'' Galiano, 1967 – Brazil *''Amphidraus guaitipan'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus guatavita'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus janauari'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus loxodontillus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus mae'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus manauara'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus mysticetus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus nigrigenu'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus pae'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus pulvinus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus quimbaya'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus quinini'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus sacrificatus'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus santanae'' Galiano, 1967 – Brazil *''Amphidraus shenlong'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2019 – Brazil *''Amphidraus sie'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus sikuani'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus simplex'' Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 – Brazil *''Amphidraus somondoco'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus sotairensis'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus sua'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus tanimuca'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus tisquesusa'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus tundama'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus zaque'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia *''Amphidraus zipa'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== *[http://salticidae.org/salticid/diagnost/amphidr/amphidr.htm Photographs of ''A. duckei'' and several other ''Amphidraus'' species from Brazil]

Category:Salticidae Category:Spiders of South America Category:Salticidae genera Category:Taxa named by Eugène Simon