{{Short description|Gender inclusive fraternity at Dartmouth College}} {{about|the gender includsive fraterity at Dartmouth|the local sorority at Transylvania College|Alpha Delta Theta (social)#History}} {{Infobox Fraternity | name = Alpha Theta | letters = {{lang|grc|ΑΘ}} | crest = Alpha Theta.PNG | image_size = 160px | birthplace = Dartmouth College | affiliation = Independent | founded = {{Start date and age|1920}} | status = Active | type = Social fraternity | scope = Local | motto = | chapters = 1 | colors = {{Color box|red}} Red and {{Color box|white}} White | symbol = | flower = | address = 33 N. Main Street | city = Hanover | state = New Hampshire | ZIP code = 03755 | country = United States | coordinates = {{Coord|43.70710|N|72.28884|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=it}} | free_label = | free = | homepage = {{URL|https://atheta.host.dartmouth.edu/}} | pillars = Unity, Loyalty, Scholarship, Integrity, and Siblinghood }}
'''Alpha Theta''' ('''{{lang|grc|ΑΘ}}''') is a gender-inclusive fraternity at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. It was established as a local fraternity in 1920 and was a chapter of Theta Chi from 1928 to 1952. It is a non-profit corporation.
==History== === Iota Sigma Upsilon=== Seven students at Dartmouth College formed a local fraternity named '''Iota Sigma Upsilon''' on March 3, 1920.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bronner |first=Geoffrey |last2=Robinson |first2=Chris |title=House History |url=https://atheta.host.dartmouth.edu/history.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Alpha Theta}}</ref> Its founders were Robert L. Farwell, James W. Frost, Howard A. Hitchcock, Robert L. Loeb, Robert J. Minor, Burdette E. Weymouth, and Ralph K. Whitney.<ref name=":0" /> Loeb was its first president.<ref name=":0" />
=== Theta Chi === In 1921, Iota Sigma Upsilon received a charter as the Alpha Theta chapter of Theta Chi.<ref name=":0" /> John Sloan Dickey, later president of the college, joined the fraternity in 1928 and was elected house president only two weeks later, while still a pledge.right|thumb|Alpha Theta's original building Alpha Theta chapter was one of the first collegiate fraternities in the United States to break from its national organization over civil rights issues, and the first at the Greek-dominated Dartmouth College. In 1951, while Dickey served as president of the college, the student body passed a resolution calling on all fraternities to eliminate racial discrimination from their constitutions. The Theta Chi national constitution contained a clause limiting membership in the fraternity to "Caucasians" only.
On April 24, 1952, the members of the Dartmouth chapter voted unanimously to stop recognizing the racial clause in Theta Chi's constitution.<ref name="NYTimes-19520426">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/04/26/archives/dartmouth-society-drops-bias-clause.html | journal=The New York Times | title=Dartmouth Society Drops Bias Clause | date=April 26, 1952}}</ref> After learning that the Dartmouth delegation to Theta Chi's national convention later that year planned to raise questions about the clause, the Alpha Theta chapter was derecognized by the national organization on July 25, 1952.<ref name="NYTimes-19580728">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/07/28/archives/charter-is-revoked-dartmouth-theta-chi-chapter-rejected-racial.html | journal=The New York Times | title=Charter is Revoked: Dartmouth Theta Chi Chapter Rejected Racial Clause | date=July 28, 1952}}</ref>
=== Alpha Theta === The Alpha Theta chapter reincorporated as a local fraternity and adopted the name Alpha Theta.
Alpha Theta was one of the first all-male fraternities to admit female members. In 1972, Dartmouth admitted the first class of female students and officially became a coeducational institution.<ref name=":0" /> Alpha Theta also voted to become coeducational. After a few years, most of the women in the fraternity had become inactive, and the house voted to become male-only again on November 10, 1976.<ref name=":0" /> The house returned to a coeducational membership policy in 1980.<ref name="bronner">Bronner, Geoffrey & Robinson, Chris (1999). [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~atheta/history.html "Alpha Theta History"]. Retrieved March 14, 2007.</ref>
==Symbols== The fraternity's colors are red and white. Alpha Theta ideals or pillars are Unity, Loyalty, Scholarship, Integrity, and Siblinghood.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Values |url=https://atheta.host.dartmouth.edu/values.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Alpha Theta}}</ref>
==Chapter house== right|thumb|Alpha Theta chapter house, 2007 The current building and property, called Appalachia, is owned by the Alpha Theta House Corporation, a New Hampshire nonprofit corporation.
The original physical plant used by Theta Chi fraternity was built in 1852 and was used as a candy shop by confectioner E. K. Smith. Of Smith's confectionery operation, only the building housing his candy factory to the north of Alpha Theta still survives (now the Native Americans at Dartmouth house). Subsequent owners used the candy shop as a dwelling, and Theta Chi fraternity eventually bought it from J. V. Hazen in 1921.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/tuvwxyzbldg.html |title=Dartmo.: Buildings T-Z, Street Nos |website=www.dartmo.com |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050206123352/http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/tuvwxyzbldg.html |archive-date=6 February 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
After the tragic fire of 1934, membership suffered, and it was decided to build a new chapter house.<ref name="NYTimes-19380107">{{cite news |date=January 7, 1938 |title=Theta Chi to Leave Dartmouth |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/01/07/archives/theta-chi-to-leave-dartmouth.html |journal=The New York Times}}</ref> The former house was demolished, and the current building was constructed in 1940.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/abbldg.html |title=Notes toward a Catalog of the Buildings and Landscapes of Dartmouth College |accessdate=February 21, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130121073417/http://www.dartmo.com/buildings/abbldg.html |archivedate=January 21, 2013}}</ref> The only part of the original building that remains is part of the basement that leads to the back stair and contains the laundry room, called ''Appalachia''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~atheta/history.html |title=Alpha Theta History |access-date=2008-09-04 |archive-date=2007-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070317053235/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~atheta/history.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Appalachia gets its name from its proximity to the Appalachian Trail. Hikers from the trail used to be able to stop in the house, an activity that is no longer possible. House tradition still has it that ghosts walk this part of Alpha Theta, and in 2007, a ghost-hunter attempted to gain access to this part of the house. Believing it would be disrespectful to the spirits, Alpha Theta refused access, though they did allow a student to take a look.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Dylan |last=Leavitt |date=October 26, 2007 |url=http://thedartmouth.com/2007/10/26/mirror/skeletons |title=Murders and grave robbers: The skeletons in Dartmouth's closet |work=The Dartmouth |access-date=November 4, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528022451/http://thedartmouth.com/2007/10/26/mirror/skeletons |archive-date=May 28, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 2008, the Alpha Theta House Corporation did an extensive two-year renovation of the house to improve the safety features of the building and the quality of life for members.
==Notable members== * John Sloan Dickey – class of 1929, president of Dartmouth College from 1945 to 1970 * Owen Chamberlain – class of 1941, Nobel Prize winners (Physics 1959), participated in the Manhattan Project * Ira Michael Heyman – class of 1951, chancellor of University of California-Berkeley, 1980–1990<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dartmouthalumnimagazine.com/%E2%80%A9ira-michael-heyman-%E2%80%9951|title=Ira Michael Heyman '51|website=Dartmouth Alumni Magazine}}</ref> * Mark Mitchell – class of 1956, architect and member of the Vermont House of Representatives from 2006 to 2011 * Cameron Myler – class of 1992, member of four US Olympic luge teams, seven-time US national champion, and winner of eleven World Cup medals.
==Scandals and misconduct==
=== Coal furnace accident ===
Nine brothers of Alpha Theta chapter of Theta Chi died in a tragic accident on the morning of Sunday, February 25, 1934, when the metal chimney of the building's old coal furnace blew out in the night and the residence filled with poisonous carbon monoxide gas.<ref name="NYTimes-19340226">{{cite news |date=February 26, 1934 |title=Nine Dartmouth Students Die in Fraternity House from Monoxide Poisoning |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/02/26/archives/9-dartmouth-students-die-in-fraternity-house-from-monoxide.html |journal=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="TimeMagazine-19340305">{{cite news |date=March 5, 1934 |title=Education: Dartmouth's Saddest |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,747133,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070317031802/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,747133,00.html |archive-date=March 17, 2007 |magazine=Time}}</ref> The bodies were not discovered until the afternoon of the same day, when M. B. Little, a janitor, entered the chapter house and found the students dead in their beds. A pet collie was also found dead in one of the bedrooms. This is still the most fatal accident ever to occur at Dartmouth College.
At the time, the chapter had 35 to 40 members, and seventeen lived in the chapter house. Eight residents escaped death because they had left campus for the weekend. The deceased were Americo S. De Masi (vice president), William F. Fullerton, John J. Griffin, Alfred H. Moldenke, Edward F. Moldenke (president), Wilmot H. Schooley, William M. Smith Jr., Harold D. Watson, and Edward N. Wentworth Jr.
Following the tragedy, people asked if the members would move out of the house, but faculty advisor Professor William H. Woods said, "Of course they will move back, we have men with blood in them." The surviving members met at the Hanover Inn shortly after the disaster. John Trickey Jr., past president of the chapter and a student at the Tuck School of Business, was elected to replace Moldenke. The surviving members moved back into the house after the furnace that caused the accident was replaced. However, the fraternity's membership declined after 1934. The chapter house was razed in 1940, and a new building, the current chapter house, opened in 1941.
=== Embezzlement ===
In February 2011, the Alpha Theta House Corporation filed suit against a former treasurer, Bruce McAllister, alleging that he stole hundreds of thousands of dollars from the fraternity.<ref name="TheD-20110418">{{cite news |date=April 18, 2011 |title=Alpha Theta sues former treasurer |url=http://thedartmouth.com/2011/04/18/news/alphatheta |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420134808/http://thedartmouth.com/2011/04/18/news/alphatheta |archive-date=April 20, 2011 |access-date=November 3, 2011 |journal=The Dartmouth}}</ref> McAllister was also sued by the Meccawe Club, a private fishing club in Vermont, and became the target of a federal investigation later that year.<ref name="VermontStandard20110418">{{cite news |date=May 18, 2011 |title=Meccawe's Treasurer Hit With Lawsuits Over Funds |url=http://www.thevermontstandard.com/2011/05/meccawe’s-treasurer-hit-with-lawsuits-over-funds/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103003215/http://www.thevermontstandard.com/2011/05/meccawe%e2%80%99s-treasurer-hit-with-lawsuits-over-funds/ |archive-date=January 3, 2017 |access-date=January 30, 2019 |journal=Vermont Standard}}</ref> In November 2011 McAllister, a former financial auditor at Dartmouth College, was indicted for wire fraud following an investigation by the United States Secret Service.<ref name="USAOVT">{{cite news |date=November 9, 2011 |title=Bruce Mcallister Pleads Not Guilty to Not-For-Profit Embezzlement |url=https://www.justice.gov/usao/vt/press/releases/20111109_mcallister.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114035503/http://www.justice.gov/usao/vt/press/releases/20111109_mcallister.html |archive-date=January 14, 2012 |access-date=January 17, 2012 |journal=United States Attorney's Office District of Vermont}}</ref><ref name="BFP2011102">{{cite news |date=November 2, 2011 |title=Ex-Dartmouth College auditor accused of misuse of groups' funds |url=http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/article/20111102/NEWS07/111102035/Ex-Dartmouth-College-auditor-accused-misuse-groups-funds |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119031018/http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/article/20111102/NEWS07/111102035/Ex-Dartmouth-College-auditor-accused-misuse-groups-funds |archive-date=January 19, 2013 |access-date=November 3, 2011 |journal=The Burlington Free Press}}</ref> McAllister was sentenced on November 26, 2012, in United States District Court in Burlington, Vermont, to eighteen months of imprisonment following his guilty plea to wire fraud. U.S. District Judge William K. Sessions III also ordered that McAllister serve three years of supervised release after he completes his prison term and pay slightly more than $800,000 in restitution to Alpha Theta and the Meccawe Club. McAllister was ordered to surrender to the Bureau of Prisons on January 8, 2013, to begin serving his sentence. McAllister's sentence was reduced due to a medical condition, which included bladder cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and kidney blockage. The court recommended that McAllister be confined at the Bureau of Prison's medical facility in Massachusetts.<ref name="BFP20121126">{{cite news |date=November 26, 2012 |title=Ex-Dartmouth College official gets 18 months in prison |url=http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/article/20121126/NEWS07/311260022/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130118212341/http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/article/20121126/NEWS07/311260022/ |archive-date=January 18, 2013 |access-date=November 28, 2012 |journal=The Burlington Free Press}}</ref>
==See also== * Dartmouth College Greek organizations * List of social fraternities
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{Official website|https://atheta.host.dartmouth.edu/}} * [http://www.alpha-theta.org/ Alpha Theta House Corporation]
{{Dartmouth College}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alpha Theta (Coeducational Fraternity)}} Category:Dartmouth College fraternities and sororities Category:Student societies in the United States Category:1952 establishments in New Hampshire Category:Student organizations established in 1952 Category:Fraternity and sorority houses Category:Local fraternities and sororities Category:Fraternities and sororities in the United States