{{Short description|American writer and academic (1925–2020)}} {{Infobox writer | name = Alice Koller |birth_date = {{Birth date|1925|9|13|mf=yes}} | birth_place = Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|7|21|1925|9|13|mf=yes}} | death_place = Trenton, New Jersey, U.S. | occupation = Writer | nationality = | parents = Andrew R. Koller<br>Sarah L. Koller }} '''Alice Koller''' (September 13, 1925 – July 21, 2020) was an American writer and academic.
==Childhood and education== Alice Koller was born in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio on September 13, 1925.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ohio Department of Health, Index to Annual Births, 1968-1998, certificate number 1925086092 |website=Ancestry.com |url=http://www.ancestry.com/ |access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref> Her father Andrew R. Koller was a plumbing salesman who later owned a plumbing supply store in Akron, Ohio, where she grew up. Her mother Sarah L. Koller was a housewife. She had an older brother, Kenneth, and a younger sister, Muriel.<ref>{{cite web |title=1940 United States Federal Census, Year: 1940; Census Place: Akron, Summit, Ohio; Roll: m-t0627-03176; Page: 15B; Enumeration District: 89-87 |website=Ancestry.com |url=http://www.ancestry.com/ |access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref>
After graduating as her class Valedictorian from Buchtel High School in 1943, she worked for the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company for a year, then moved to Chicago to attend drama classes at the Goodman Theatre school of drama.<ref name="Scholarship">{{cite news |title=Alice Koller Wins Another Scholarship |work=Akron Beacon Journal |date=June 15, 1958 |page=26}}</ref><ref name="Unknown">{{cite book |last1=Koller |first1=Alice |title=An Unknown Woman |date=1982 |publisher=Holt Rinehart & Winston |location=New York City |page=42,54–55, 90}}</ref> While there, she won a national contest for "the best radio voice" held by the radio show ''People Are Funny''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alice Koller Off For Hollywood |work=Akron Beacon Journal |date=January 19, 1947 |page=18}}</ref> She left the Goodman school after two years and enrolled at the University of Chicago, but left without graduating.{{sfn|Koller|1982|p=42}} She was selected as a student guest editor at ''Mademoiselle'' in the summer of 1948 (a position held five years later by Sylvia Plath).{{sfn|Koller|1982|p=Dustjacket }}
Koller earned her bachelor's degree from the University of Akron in 1952.<ref>{{cite news |title=Scholastic Honorary Taps 33 at Akron U |work=Akron Beacon Journal |date=May 19, 1952 |page=2}}</ref> She then attended Radcliffe College as a graduate student, gaining her doctorate in philosophy from Harvard in 1960.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Penelope |title=Alice Koller, Author of the Solitary Life, Dies at 94 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/28/books/alice-koller-author-of-the-solitary-life-dies-at-94.html |accessdate=11 September 2020 |work=New York Times |date=August 28, 2020}}</ref> Her dissertation was titled, "The Concept of Emotion: A Study of the Analyses of James, Russell, and Ryle." Her family could not afford to provide much financial support, so Koller depended upon scholarships, fellowships, and part-time jobs, working by her own count over thirty jobs in the space of 15 years.<ref name="Scholarship" />{{sfn|Koller|1982|p=88}} While attending Harvard, she was awarded a patent for a unique way of constructing sleeves for garments.<ref>{{cite patent |country=US |number=2791777 |status= patent|title=Garment Sleeve Construction |gdate=May 14, 1957 |inventor=Alice R. Koller }}</ref>
==Work== Koller struggled unsuccessfully to land a permanent position after graduating from Harvard, taking a series of short-term jobs instead: "Four months in New York, three in Cambridge as though I hadn't fled it. Two months in Berkeley, four in Santa Barbara. Boston. New York again."{{sfn|Koller|1982|p=2}} Finally, in the winter of 1962, she rented a house in Siasconset, on the eastern end of Nantucket Island, Massachusetts and spent three months there in almost complete isolation aside from a German shepherd puppy she named Logos. She hoped that the time would "let me understand who I am and what I want."{{sfn|Koller|1982|p=18}} "Being a philosopher," she later said, "I knew how to think and to know what counted as tough questions. I knew not to accept anything less than tough answers and kept pressing and pressing and pressing myself."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Matchan |first1=Linda |title=Someone Alice Koller Used to Be |work=Boston Globe |date=November 12, 1982}}</ref> She turned her journal of this stay into a book she titled "A Map for an Inward Journey." It would later be published as ''An Unknown Woman''.
While on Nantucket, she was hired by Dr. Harold Wooster, chief of the information sciences division of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research to prepare an analysis of the linguistic challenges involved in machine translation.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lamb |first1=Yvonne Shinhoster |title=Harold Wooster, 86 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2005/06/03/harold-wooster-86/01c0ca0a-03c2-4cc8-a2cf-aa3f4a0f2154/ |accessdate=11 September 2020 |work=Washington Post |date=June 3, 2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Koller |first1=Alice |title=The Stations of Solitude |date=1990 |publisher=William Morrow and Company |location=New York City |page=46}}</ref> This report became her first book, ''A Hornbook of Hazards for Linguists'', published in 1967. She was offered a teaching position at Connecticut College following her Air Force contract, but chose to finish her memoir instead.{{sfn|Koller|1990|p=150}} Permanent posts continued to elude her. She taught or worked as a consultant for the University of Waterloo, Cornell University, Harvard University, the National Institutes of Health, and as a speechwriter for a congressman.{{sfn|Koller|1990|pages=158}}<ref name="Flander">{{cite news |last1=Flander |first1=Judy |title=Beauty, Brains, a Doctorate in Philosophy, and a Life in Poverty |url=https://judyflander.org/beauty-brains-a-doctorate-in-philosophy-and-a-life-in-poverty-a73c7565a1ea |accessdate=11 September 2020 |work=Washington Star |date=June 14, 1977}}</ref>
When ''Washington Star'' reporter Judy Flander interviewed Koller in 1977, however, she was unemployed and living on food stamps near Warrenton, Virginia. She also owed legal fees from a suit she had filed against a Silver Spring, Maryland veterinary clinic over the 1974 death of Logos, the dog who'd accompanied Koller on her stay on Nantucket.<ref name="Flander" />
It took fourteen years and rejections from thirty different publishers before Holt, Rinehart & Winston accepted the book in 1981.{{sfn|Koller|1990|pages=66}} It proved an unexpected bestseller, going into several printings. The ''Kirkus Reviews'' reviewer predicted that Koller's "groping for certainty within loneliness, depression, and fear may strike a chord in many," and the book continued to be widely read for years after going out of print.<ref>{{cite journal |title=AN UNKNOWN WOMAN: A Journey to Self-Discovery |journal=Kirkus Reviews |date=February 1, 1981 |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/a/alice-koller/an-unknown-woman-a-journey-to-self-discovery/ |accessdate=11 September 2020}}</ref> Following its publication, Koller was hired by the ''New York Times'' to write a short series of articles titled "Hers" that appeared in late 1983.<ref name="NYT" />
She lived off the royalties from ''An Unknown Woman'' for several years, then returned to a life of short-term consulting and teaching jobs. In 1990, she published ''The Stations of Solitude'', which drew upon the model of the Stations of the Cross and outlined thirteen stations with themes such as "Unbinding," "Working," and "Standing Open." She saw the book as "a line of travel," through "the process of shaping a human being, and the stations are stopping places in the process."{{sfn|Koller|1990|pages=2}} Like ''An Unknown Woman'', however, the book was heavily autobiographical and went over many of the same experiences discussed in the earlier book. The resulting reviews were less enthusiastic: "Koller seems to be writing for herself, failing to invite readers into her exclusive domain of solitude," wrote Francisca Goldsmith in ''Library Journal''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Francisca |title=The Stations of Solitude |journal=Library Journal |date=May 1, 1990 |page=94}}</ref> In an essay included in ''Herspace: Women, Writing, and Solitude'', however, Christina Pugh applauded Koller for both the courage of her writings and "the immense cultural need for such an exemplar."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pugh |first1=Christina |chapter=Chapter 2:Unknown Women: Secular Solitude in the Works of Alice Koller and May Sarton |editor1-last=Boyton |editor1-first=Victoria |editor2-last=Malin |editor2-first=Jo |title=Herspace: Women, Writing, and Solitude |date=2003 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |page=82}}</ref>
Koller lived in New England for most of the decades following ''The Stations of Solitude'' and continued to take on occasional speaking and writing jobs. In 2008 at the age of 83, she established a website (now defunct) where she solicited patrons to help fund a work in progress titled “Meditation on Being a Philosopher.”<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bigelow |first1=Brad |title=An Unknown Woman |url=https://neglectedbooks.com/?p=3253 |website=The Neglected Books Page |accessdate=11 September 2020}}</ref> She moved to New Jersey several years before her death and died at a Trenton, New Jersey hospital in 2020.<ref name="NYT" />
==Works== * ''A Hornbook of Hazards for Linguists'' (1967) * ''An Unknown Woman'' (1981) * ''Stations of Solitude'' (1990)
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{OL author|OL765912A}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Koller, Alice}} Category:1925 births Category:2020 deaths Category:American women writers Category:People from Cuyahoga County, Ohio Category:University of Akron alumni Category:Radcliffe College alumni Category:21st-century American women