{{short description|New Zealand doctor (1871–1957)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} {{Use New Zealand English|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox medical person | name = Alice Horsley | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=NZL|OBE|size=100%}} | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Alice Woodward | birth_date = {{birth date|1871|02|03|df=y}} | birth_place = Auckland, New Zealand | death_date = {{Death date and age|1957|11|07|1871|02|03|df=y}} | death_place = Papatoetoe, New Zealand | death_cause = | residence = | nationality = | citizenship = | education = University of Otago Medical School | occupation = General practitioner | years_active = | known_for = | relations = | website = | profession = | field = Anaesthetics, midwifery, general practice | work_institutions = | specialism = | research_field = | notable_works = | prizes = | child = | module2 = | signature = }} '''Alice Woodward Horsley''' {{post-nominals|country=NZL|OBE}} (née '''Woodward'''; 3 February 1871 – 7 November 1957) was a New Zealand medical doctor and the first woman to be a registered medical doctor in Auckland.
== Early life and education == Horsley was born in Auckland, New Zealand, on 3 February 1871, to Laura née Young, a schoolteacher, and William Woodward, a farmer who had also been a teacher.<ref name="DNZB Horsley">{{DNZB|title=Alice Woodward Horsley|first= Kathleen|last= Anderson|id=3h36|accessdate=4 February 2012}}</ref> Horsley left school and 13 and was educated at home after that. After extra tuition from friends of the family in Latin and chemistry, she was able to enrol to study medicine in 1894 at the University of Otago.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /> When Horsley graduated alongside Constance Frost, Daisy Platts and Jane Kinder in 1900, only two women had previously gained medical degrees in New Zealand, Emily Siedeberg and Margaret Cruickshank.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" />
== Career == Horsley moved to Auckland after graduation taking up a position as a house surgeon at Auckland Hospital in 1899.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Farquhar |first=Cynthia |title=Against the odds: New Zealand's first women doctors |last2=Selway |first2=Michaela |date=2025 |publisher=Massey University Press |isbn=978-1-991016-98-0 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |pages=50-52}}</ref> She was the first woman doctor registered in Auckland and the first woman employed at Auckland Hospital, where she held a position as honorary bacteriologist and pathologist, until Constance Frost was appointed.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /><ref name=":1" /> She was also an anaesthestist at the hospital from 1902 until 1947.<ref name=":3" />
After her house surgeon years she established a private practice in rooms on Queen Street above a chemist.<ref name=":3" /> There she met Arthur John Horsley through his work as an apprentice pharmacist downstairs from her practice. They were married on 9 December 1903 at St James' Anglican Church, Māngere.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /><ref name=":3" />
In 1917 the couple moved to Symonds Street, where Horsley practised for approximately 40 years from a surgery attached to the family home.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /> With four children, running a house and medical practice was difficult. She was known to sometimes ring home during administration of an anaesthetic to ask someone to turn the jam off, and her children recalled completing homework in the back of the car while she attended patients.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Alice Woodward Horsley|url=https://www.royalsociety.org.nz/150th-anniversary/150-women-in-150-words/1867-1917/alice-woodward-horsley/|access-date=2021-01-24|website=Royal Society Te Apārangi}}</ref>
From 1936–1946, she was an anaesthetist at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital, and worked privately for surgeons including Sir Carrick Robertson and James Hardie Neil.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" />
Horsley's humanitarian values led her to treat some patients free of charge, and sometimes donate money to patients. She also took on unmarried mothers as domestic help. Horsley served as an anaesthetist in the Military Hospital during WWI.<ref name=":2">{{CiteQ|Q104657105}}</ref> Horsley worked throughout the plague scare of 1900 and the 1918 influenza epidemic, and was a member of the medical relief team after the Hawke's Bay earthquake of 1931, in which hundreds were killed and thousands injured.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" /><ref name=":3" />
During the economic depression of the 1930s, Horsley became the regular doctor for the non-denominational Dock Street Mission medical clinic, which had been opened to serve patients who could not afford to pay for medical care.<ref name=":2" /> Her dedication to the mission led to her appointment as OBE in 1939.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="DNZB Horsley" />
Horsley died in Papatoetoe on 7 November 1957. She was survived by three daughters and a son; her husband had died in 1950.<ref name="DNZB Horsley" />
== Honours == In the 1939 New Year Honours, Horsley was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for social welfare services.<ref name=":0">{{London Gazette |issue=34585 |date=2 January 1939 |page=15 |supp=y}}</ref> In 2017, Horsley was selected as one of the Royal Society Te Apārangi's 150 women in 150 words, celebrating the contributions of women to knowledge in New Zealand.<ref name=":1" />
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Horsley, Alice Woodward}} Category:1871 births Category:1957 deaths Category:20th-century New Zealand women medical doctors Category:20th-century New Zealand medical doctors Category:Medical doctors from Auckland Category:New Zealand Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Category:University of Otago alumni