{{short description|French painter}} '''Alice Dannenberg''', (4 April 1861 – 28 June 1948) was an early 20th century French painter of Russian origin who cofounded an art school in Paris, the Académie de la Grande Chaumière.
==Biography== Alice Dannenberg was born in Mitau, then part of the Russian Empire and now part of Latvia. By the end of the 19th century, she had moved to Paris, where she began exhibiting in 1901 with a group of Left Bank artists known as "Les Quelques" (The Few) that also included the Swiss painter Martha Stettler. A few years later, she had a hand in founding a new group of 50 artists known as "Tendences nouvelles" (New Trends); they held an exhibition in 1904.<ref name=n13/> In 1908, Dannenberg rejoined The Few as a means of showing her work outside the major salons.<ref name=chronique/><ref name=pan/>
In 1902, Dannenberg and Stettler opened a new art school, Académie de la Grande Chaumière, with the aim of providing a form of art instruction different from the strict rules of painting taught in the École des Beaux-Arts.<ref name=n68/> Dannenberg and Stettler served as directors of the school until 1945.<ref name="Tapan"/> An attraction of the Grande Chaumière was fees that were kept even lower than the rival Académie Julian. Among its teachers were Walter Sickert, Lucien Simon, Claudio Castelucho, and Antoine Bourdelle.<ref name=bourdelle/> Notable students include Louise Bourgeois, Alexander Calder, Isamu Noguchi, Alberto Giacometti, and Tamara de Lempicka.<ref name=bourdelle/>
In 1911, Dannenberg was elected to the National Society of Fine Arts.<ref name=chronique2/><ref name=art/> In 1927, she received her French naturalization papers,<ref name=n60/> and not long afterwards she and Stettler moved to Fontenay-sous-Bois.<ref name=n69/>
The last exhibition in which Dannenberg participated was in 1937.<ref name=n67/> After the war, she and Stettler settled in Châtillon, where she died in 1948.<ref name=n70/>
==Work== When Dannenberg began exhibiting in 1901, she was already a mature artist who had been painting for over fifteen years. Her oldest known painting dates to 1884: it is a Russian landscape.
Between 1904 and about 1912, she painted mostly vivid, nostalgic scenes of Parisian children at play, particularly in the Luxembourg Gardens and the Tuileries gardens.<ref name=n21/><ref name=n23/> Starting around 1908, she began to paint beach scenes and melancholy landscapes.<ref name=n12/><ref name=n33/> In 1913 she painted a series of impressions of Italy including Venice and Florence.<ref name=n44/><ref name=n47/> In 1914 she began a ten-year phase of painting interiors and still lifes.<ref name=n50/><ref name=n57/> In the 1920s, she turned to expressive seascapes, and in the 1930s, she painted flowers.<ref name=n59/><ref name=n65/><ref name=n66/> Critics have compared her Impressionist style to that of John Singer Sargent, Anders Zorn, and Charles Cottet.<ref name=n13/><ref name=n12/><ref name=n8/>
Between 1904 and 1935, Dannenberg exhibited her landscapes and genre paintings frequently in the annual Salon d'Automne and Salon des Indépendants exhibitions as well as elsewhere.
==References== <references>
<ref name=bourdelle>Bourdelle, Antoine, and Laure Dalon. ''Cours & leçons à l'Académie de la Grande Chaumière, 1909–1929''. Paris: Paris-Musées, Editions des Cendres, 2008.</ref> <ref name="Tapan">{{cite web|last1=Bhattacharya|first1=Tapan|title=Stettler, Adelheid Fanny Martha|url=https://www.sikart.ch/KuenstlerInnen.aspx?id=4022954|website=SIKART: Dizionario sull'arte in Svizzera|publisher=Swiss Institute for Art Research|accessdate=27 March 2016|date=1998}}</ref> <ref name=n13>''Gil Blas'', April 13, 1907.</ref> <ref name=chronique>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', April 28, 1900.</ref> <ref name=chronique2>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', June 27, 1911.</ref> <ref name=art>''Art et Décoration'', July–December 1911.</ref> <ref name=pan>''Pan, revue libre'', January–February 1911.</ref> <ref name=n8>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', March 24, 1906.</ref> <ref name=n12>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', March 23, 1907.</ref> <ref name=n21>''La Nouvelle Revue'', January–February 1908.</ref> <ref name=n23>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', March 28, 1908.</ref> <ref name=n33>''La Vie artistique'', April 1911.</ref> <ref name=n44>''Chronique des Artistes et de la curiosité'', February 22, 1913.</ref> <ref name=n47>''Art et Décoration'', January–June 1913.</ref> <ref name=n50>''La Renaissance'', April 18, 1914.</ref> <ref name=n57>''Le Nouveau Spectateur'', 1919-1921.</ref> <ref name=n59>''La Nouvelle Revue'', May–June 1927.</ref> <ref name=n60>''Journal Officiel'', October 10–11, 1927.</ref> <ref name=n65>''Revue de l'Ancien et du Moderne'', June–December 1932.</ref> <ref name=n66>''Bulletin de l'Ancien et du Moderne'', June 1935.</ref> <ref name=n68>Dalou, Laure., ''Bourdelle et l'enseignement de la sculpture'', thesis from l'École des Chartes, 2006.</ref> <ref name=n69>Town hall archives of Fontenay-sous-Bois.</ref> <ref name=n67>''Le Monde illustré'', April 10, 1937.</ref> <ref name=n70>Town hall archives of Chatillon.</ref>
</references>
{{ACArt}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dannenberg, Alice}} Category:1861 births Category:1948 deaths Category:19th-century French women artists Category:20th-century French women artists Category:French modern painters Category:People from Jelgava Category:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to France