Alibori Department

{{short description|Department of Benin}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Alibori | settlement_type = Department | official_name = | other_name = | native_name = | nickname = | motto = | image_skyline = Rice cultivation in Benin - panoramio - Africa Rice Center (12).jpg | image_caption = | image_map = Benin - Alibori.svg | mapsize = 200px | map_caption = Map highlighting the Alibori Department | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Benin}} | seat_type = Capital | seat = Kandi | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | established_title = | established_date = | area_magnitude = | area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/benin.aspx |title=Benin |publisher=Geohive |access-date=25 November 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828053108/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/benin.aspx |archive-date=28 August 2016 }}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 26242 | population_as_of = 2013 Census | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 868046 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|11|07|43|N|02|56|13|E|region:BJ_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes =  | elevation_m = | postal_code_type =  | postal_code = | area_code = | website = | footnotes = }}

'''Alibori''' {{IPA|fr|a.li.bɔ.ʁi|}} is the largest and northernmost department (French: ''département'') of Benin. Externally the department borders the countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria, and internally the departments of Atakora and Borgou. The department of Alibori was created in 1999 when it was split off from Borgou Department and is named after the Alibori River.

{{Asof|2013}}, the total population of the department was 867,463, with 431,357 males and 436,106 females. The proportion of women was 50.30%. The total rural population was 75.70%, while the urban population was 24.30%. The total labour force in the department was 201,622, of which 25.40% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 83.70%.

==Geography== [[File:Cotton boll.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Cotton plants cultivated near Kandi]] Alibori borders Niger to the north, Nigeria to the east, Borgou Department to the south, Atakora Department to the west, and Burkina Faso to the north-west. Alibori is a fertile region consisting of highland and savannah. Cotton, maize and cassava are the major crops grown.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of World Geography, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DJgnebGbAB8C&q=benin+geography&pg=PA93|pages=92–93|first=R. W. |last=McColl|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2014|isbn=9780816072293}}</ref> The northeast plains slope down to the valley of the Niger River which, along with the Mékrou River, forms the border with Niger.<ref name="Brownlie, I. ">{{Cite book|title=African Boundaries: A Legal and Diplomatic Encyclopedia|last=Brownlie|first=Ian|author-link=Ian Brownlie|publisher=Institute for International Affairs, Hurst and Co.|year=1979|pages= 160–63}}</ref> Other major rivers include the Alibori River, Sota River and Pako River. The department contains the bulk of Benin's section of the trans-boundary W National Park.<ref>[http://www.parc-w.net/ parc-w.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201062314/http://parc-w.net/ |date=2009-02-01 }}: Official site.</ref>

The climate is mostly humid and tropical. The northern regions of Benin, in general, receives one season of rainfall from May to September, compared to the southern regions which receive two spells from March to July and September to November. Harmattan winds blow from the northeast from December through March.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of World Geography, Volume 17|editor1-first=Peter|editor1-last= Haggett|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pR1Pszc1mVgC&q=benin+geography&pg=PA2325|page=2325|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|year=2002|isbn=9780761473060}}</ref> The average temperature from April to June is {{convert|40|C|F|abbr=on}} in Karimama, while the temperature ranges between {{convert|12|and|25|C|F|abbr=on}} between November and March. The average elevation of the department is {{convert|200|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the mean sea level.<ref>{{cite book|title=Flood Disaster and Human Security in Bénin Niger River Valley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDpdCQAAQBAJ&q=Alibori+Department+geography&pg=PA11|page=11|publisher=Behanzin|first1=Dagbegnon|last1= Idelbert|year=2014}}</ref>

===Settlements=== Kandi is the departmental capital; other major settlements include Banikoara, Gounarou, Guénè, Malanville and Ségbana.

==Demographics== {{bar box|title=Religious census<ref name=tot/>|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|Muslim|Green|81.3}}{{bar percent|Methodist|purple|0.5}}{{bar percent|Vodoun|purple|0.5}}{{bar percent|Catholic|orange|8.6}}{{bar percent|Celestial|red|0.2}}{{bar percent|Other Christian|blue|0.9}}{{bar percent|Other Traditional|yellow|1.8}}{{bar percent|Other|black|0.4}}{{bar percent|Other Protestant|grey|0.4}}}}

According to Benin's 2013 census, the total population of the department was 867,463, with 431,357 males and 436,106 females. The proportion of women was 50.30%. The total rural population was 75.70%, while the urban population was 24.30%. The proportion of women of childbearing age (15 to 49 years old) was 22.00%. The foreign population was 28,636, representing 3.30% of the total population in the department. The labour force participation rate among foreigners aged 15–64 years was 26.40%. The proportion of women among the foreign population constituted 47.60%. The number of households in the department was 108,351 and the average household size was 8. The intercensal growth rate of the population was 4.60%.<ref name=census>{{cite web|title=Census of Benin, 2013|publisher=Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSAE) du Benin|url=http://benin.opendataforafrica.org/iidseh/population-par-commune-recensement-2013-b%C3%A9nin|year=2013|access-date=25 November 2016}}</ref>

Among women, the average age of first marriage was 18.2 and the average age at maternity was 27.2. The synthetic index of fertility of women was 5.7. The average number of families in a house was 1.7 and the average number of persons per room was 2.0. The total labour force in the department was 201,622, of which 25.40% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 83.70% and the proportion of households with children attending school was 23.00%. The crude birth rate was 40.9, the general rate of fertility was 185.90 and the gross reproduction rate was 2.80.<ref name=tot>{{cite web|title=Socio economic data of Benin, 2013|publisher=Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSAE) du Benin|url=http://benin.opendataforafrica.org/ohikebf/principaux-indicateurs-rgph-2013-benin|year=2013|access-date=25 November 2016}}</ref>

The main ethnolinguistic groups in the department are the Bariba, Dendi and Fulani. Other groups include the Boko, Gurma, Kyenga and the Mokole Yoruba.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.ethnologue.com/country/BJ/languages| title = Languages of Benin | publisher = Ethnologue | access-date = 26 November 2019}}</ref>

==Administrative divisions== [[File:Alibori communes.png|thumb|225px|Communes of Alibori]] The department of Alibori was created in 1999, when it was split off from Borgou Department. Since 2008, the department's capital has been Kandi. Alibori is subdivided into six communes, each centered at one of the principal towns: Banikoara, Gogounou, Kandi, Karimama, Malanville and Ségbana.<ref name=UN/>

Benin originally had six administrative regions (''départements''), which have now been bifurcated to make 12.<ref>{{citation |url= http://www.statoids.com/ubj.html|title=Statoids - Benin| access-date= 26 November 2019}}</ref> Each of the deconcentrated administrative services (''directions départementales'') of the sectoral ministries takes care of two administrative regions. A law passed in 1999 transformed the ''sous-prefectures'', the lowest level of territorial administration, into local governments.<ref name=UN>{{cite report|url=http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan023250.pdf|page=8|title=Republic of Benin, Public Administration and Country profile|access-date=17 November 2016|publisher=Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), United Nations|year=2004|archive-date=22 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222173156/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan023250.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Municipalities and communal councils have elected representatives who manage the administration of the regions. The latest elections of the municipal and communal councils were held in June 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Local elections in Benin, 2015|url=http://africanelections.org/new_news.php?nid=1189|publisher=African Elections Database|access-date=25 November 2016|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130181453/http://africanelections.org/new_news.php?nid=1189|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist|20em}}

Category:Alibori Department Category:Departments of Benin Category:States and territories established in 1999