{{Short description|Romanian linguist (1900–1988)}} thumb|Alexandru Graur
'''Alexandru Graur''' ({{IPA|ro|alekˈsandru ˈɡra.ur}}; July 9, 1900 – July 9, 1988) was a Romanian linguist.
Born into a Jewish family in Botoșani, Graur graduated from the Faculty of Letters of the University of Bucharest and the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris (1924–1929). He obtained a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Sorbonne. After returning to Bucharest, he became involved in academic life and published studies in different periodicals.
Graur founded and was the principal (1941–1944) of the "Liceul particular evreiesc" (Jewish Private High School). In 1946 he started teaching at the university level. In 1955 he was named titular member of the Romanian Academy. Between 1954 and 1956 he was the Dean of the Faculty of Letters at the University of Bucharest. He wrote many papers and articles on classical philology and etymology. He had many contributions in the field of linguistics, phonetics, and grammar of the Latin and Romanian languages.
In 1956, Graur, alongside Dean Iorgu Iordan, leading propagandist Leonte Tismăneanu, and the academics Mihai Novicov, Ion Coteanu, and Radu Florian, took part in a University inquiry into the anti-communist statements of Paul Goma, a university student who later became a noted dissident and writer. Led by Iordan and supervised by the Securitate, the investigation culminated in Goma's expulsion from the Faculty and his subsequent arrest.<ref>{{in lang|ro}} Mihai Rădulescu, [http://www.literaturasidetentie.ro/detentia/carte_1_5_2.php ''Patimile după Paul Goma''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927134424/http://www.literaturasidetentie.ro/detentia/carte_1_5_2.php |date=2007-09-27 }}</ref> In 1971, he was awarded the Order of Tudor Vladimirescu, 2nd class.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lege5.ro/Gratuit/gu4tqoju/decretul-nr-157-1971-privind-conferirea-unor-ordine-ale-republicii-socialiste-romania|title=Decretul nr. 157/1971 privind conferirea unor ordine ale Republicii Socialiste România|lang=ro|publisher=Buletinul Oficial|volume= 96|date=August 6, 1971|website=lege5.ro|access-date=May 11, 2024}}</ref>
He was married twice, the second time with Neaga Graur (1921–2005) in 1947, and they had a son, Dumitru (born 1947).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnsas.ro/documente/adeverinte/2013/824%20Graur%20Dumitru.pdf|title=CNSAS|language=Romanian|access-date=June 10, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.romania-muzical.ro/info/zilele-lipatti/art-lipatti.htm?g=11&c=111&a=86131|title=Lipatti văzut de contemporanii noștri|language=Romanian|access-date=June 10, 2014}}</ref> Streets in Botoșani and Cluj-Napoca are named after him.
==Published works== * ''Nom d'agent et adjectif en roumain'', Champion, Paris, 1929 * ''La romanité du Roumain'', Editura Academiei Române, Bucharest, 1965 * ''The Romance Character of Romanian'', Editura Academiei Române, Bucharest, 1965 * ''Nume de persoane, București'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1965 * ''Tendințele actuale ale limbii române'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1968 * ''Scrieri de ieri și de azi'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1970 * ''Puțină... aritmetică'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1971 * ''Nume de locuri'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1972 * ''Gramatica azi'', Editura Academiei Române, Bucharest, 1973 * ''Mic tratat de ortografie'', Editura Științifică, Bucharest, 1974 * ''Dicționar al greșelilor de limbă'', Editura Academiei Române, Bucharest, 1982 * ''Puțină gramatică'', Editura Academiei Române, Bucharest, 1987
== References == <references />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Graur, Alexandru}} Category:1900 births Category:1988 deaths Category:People from Botoșani Category:20th-century Romanian people Category:20th-century Romanian linguists Category:Titular members of the Romanian Academy Category:French-language Romanian writers Category:Romanian schoolteachers Category:Romanian Communist Party politicians Category:Grammarians from Romania Category:Grammarians of Latin Category:Linguists of Romanian Category:Academic staff of the University of Bucharest Category:University of Bucharest alumni Category:University of Paris alumni Category:Romanian university and college faculty deans Category:Romanian expatriates in France Category:20th-century Romanian Jews Category:Jews from Western Moldavia Category:Heads of schools in Romania Category:A. T. Laurian National College alumni Category:Matei Basarab National College alumni
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