{{Short description|Italian academic and politician (1876–1934)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = Alessandro Martelli 1.jpg | caption = | office = Minister of National Economy | term_start = 9 July 1928 | term_end = 12 September 1929 | prime_minister = Benito Mussolini | predecessor = Giuseppe Belluzzo | successor = Giuseppe Bottai{{efn|as Minister of Corporations}} | birth_date = 25 November 1876 | birth_place = Caltanissetta, Kingdom of Italy | death_date = {{death date and age|1934|10|5|1876|11|25|df=y}} | death_place = Florence, Kingdom of Italy | resting_place = Vinci cemetery, Florence | party = National Fascist Party | spouse = Dolores Corsi | alma_mater = University of Florence | parents = | children = 2 | occupation = Academic | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|post-noms=OCI|size=100%}} }} '''Alessandro Martelli''' (1876–1934) was an Italian academic and politician. He served as the minister of national economy in the cabinet led by Benito Mussolini between 1928 and 1929.
==Early life and education== Martelli was born in Caltanissetta on 25 November 1876.<ref name=atar8/> He graduated from the Institute of Higher Studies in Florence in July 1900.<ref name=atar8/>
==Career and activities== Following his graduation Martelli joined the academy and became professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Florence between 1910 and 1927.<ref name=itasen/> He also served as a faculty member at the University of Rome in the field of geology in 1927.<ref name=itasen/>
Martelli participated in both Italo-Turkish War (1911–1912) and World War I.<ref name=itasen/> He took part in March on Rome in October 1922.<ref name=atar8/> He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1924 for the National Fascist Party and served there for two terms.<ref name=atar8/> In 1926 he was made undersecretary of transports.<ref>{{cite book|volume=11 |author=Francesco Barreca|title=The Italian Genius on Display|year=2022|publisher=Brill Rodopi|location=Leiden|isbn=9789004297418|page=60 |doi=10.1163/9789004297418_001|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004297418_001}}</ref> On 9 July 1928 he was appointed minister of national economy, replacing Giuseppe Belluzzo in the post.<ref name=empoli/><ref>{{cite journal|author=R. J. B. Bosworth|title=Tourist Planning in Fascist Italy and the Limits of a Totalitarian Culture|journal=Contemporary European History|date=March 1997|volume=6|issue=1|page=12 |doi=10.1017/S0960777300004033|s2cid=154618035}}</ref> Martelli's term ended on 12 September 1929.<ref name=empoli/> Following this incident the ministry was replaced by the ministry of guilds.<ref name=pier/>
Later he served as the head of the Italian automotive gasoline company Agip.<ref name=pier>{{cite journal|author=Pier Angelo Toninelli |title=Between Agnelli and Mussolini: Ford's Unsuccessful Attempt to Penetrate the Italian Automobile Market in the Interwar Period|issue=2 |journal=Enterprise & Society|date=June 2009|volume=10|page=358|jstor=23701194}}</ref> Martelli was named as a senator in March 1934.<ref name=atar8>{{cite encyclopedia|author=Alessandra Tarquini|title=Martelli, Alessandro|volume=71|encyclopedia=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/alessandro-martelli_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/|language=it|year=2008}}</ref>
==Personal life and death== In February 1904 Martelli married Dolores Corsi with whom he had two sons.<ref name=itasen/><ref name=empoli/> He died in Florence on 5 October 1934 and was buried there in the Vinci cemetery.<ref name=empoli>{{cite web|title=La carriera fulminea di Alessandro Martelli, ministro di Mussolini|url=https://www.dellastoriadempoli.it/la-carriera-fulminea-di-alessandro-martelli-ministro-di-mussolini-p-santini/|publisher=Della Storia d'Empoli|access-date=12 October 2022|language=it|date=25 December 2012}}</ref>
==Awards== Martelli was the recipient of the following:<ref name=itasen>{{cite web|title=Martelli, Alessandro|publisher=Italian Senate|access-date=12 October 2022|url=https://notes9.senato.it/web/senregno.nsf/825dafd139c849bdc125785d0059ad7c/def2fa8689d3449f4125646f005d2c7c?OpenDocument |language=it}}</ref>
* 80px: Knight of the Order of the Crown of Italy (11 June 1916) * 80px: Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy (8 January 1920) * 80px: Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy (2 January 1921) * 80px: Grand officer of Order of the Crown of Italy (31 January 1926) * Grand cordon of the Order of the Crown of Italy (25 October 1932) * 80px: Commander of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (9 June 1930)
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *{{Commons-inline}} {{Mussolini Cabinet|collapsed}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Martelli, Alessandro}} Category:1876 births Category:1934 deaths Category:Deputies of Legislature XXVII of the Kingdom of Italy Category:Deputies of Legislature XXVIII of the Kingdom of Italy Category:Ministers of finance of Italy Category:University of Florence alumni Category:Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy Category:Commanders of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus Category:Mussolini Cabinet Category:Academic staff of the University of Florence Category:20th-century Italian geologists Category:National Fascist Party politicians Category:Italian military personnel of World War I Category:Italian military personnel of the Italo-Turkish War Category:People from Caltanissetta Category:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy)