Ghafir

{{Short description|40th chapter of the Qur'an}} {{infobox surah | number = 40 | number-3 = 040 | name = Ghāfir | name-ar = غافر | name-en = The Forgiver | prev_sura = Quran 39 | next_sura = Quran 41 | classification = Meccan | othernames-ar = (Sūrat al-Muʼmin) {{lang|ar|سورة المؤمن}} | othernames = The Forgiving One, The Believer, Forgiving | juz = 24 | rukus = 9 | verses = 85 | words = 1226 | letters = 5108 | muqattaat = Ḥā Mīm حم | sajdahs =  | audio = Chapter 40, Ghafir (Mujawwad) - Recitation of the Holy Qur'an.mp3 }} {{Quran}} '''Ghafir'''<ref name = "Quran 4 U">{{cite web|url=http://www.quran4u.com/Tafsir%20Ibn%20Kathir/040%20Ghafir.htm |title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Momin - Ghāfir |work=Quran 4 U|author=Ibn Kathir|author-link=Ibn Kathir|publisher=Tafsir|access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref> ({{langx|ar| غافر}}, {{Transliteration|ar|ghāfir}}; {{small|meaning:}} "The All-Forgiving", referring to God), also known as '''Al-Muʼmin''' ({{langx|ar|المؤمن|link=no}}, {{Transliteration|ar|’al-mu’min}}; {{small|meaning:}} The Believer),<ref>The 1698 Maracci Quran notes some chapters have two or more titles, occasioned by the existence of different copies in the Arabic.(George Sale Preliminary discourse 3)</ref> is the 40th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an, with 85 verses (āyāt). It takes its name from verse 28,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://quran.com|title=Ghafir 40:28|website=The Noble Qur'an}}</ref> which mentions a distinguished believer from among the clan of the Pharaoh who supported Moses, referring to him as a "believing man", hence ''al-Mu'min;'' The Believer. This surah is also often called ''al-Ghafir'' (the All-Forgiving) because of the Divine Name mentioned in verse 3.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ünal |first=Ali |title=The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English|year=2006 |isbn=978-1-59784-000-2|pages=971|oclc=1002857525}}</ref>

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615–619).

==Summary== *'''1–3''' The Quran a revelation from the only true God *'''4''' It is denied by none but unbelievers *'''4–6''' Confederated infidels, however prosperous, are doomed *'''7–9''' The angels intercede for true believers *'''10–12''' Infidels shall repent in hell, but in vain *'''13–15''' God to be worshipped as the Supreme Being *'''16–18''' Judgement Day shall come suddenly *'''19–21''' Ungodly men shall have no intercessor *'''22–23''' Former infidels destroyed to warn those coming after * '''24–25''' Moses called a sorcerer and a liar *'''26–27''' He and his followers persecuted by Pharaoh and his people *'''28''' Moses takes refuge in the Lord *'''29–30''' A true believer espouses the cause of Moses *'''31–37''' He warns Pharaoh and his people against unbelief *'''38–39''' Pharaoh orders a tower to be built up to heaven *'''40''' Pharaoh regards Moses as a liar *'''41–47''' The true believer exhorts the Egyptians to believe in the God of Moses *'''48''' God delivers the true believer from the devices of Pharaoh and his people *'''49''' Pharaoh and his people condemned to hell-fire *'''50–53''' Infidels shall reproach each other in hell, and call on their keepers for help in vain *'''54–55''' God assists his apostles in this world and in the next *'''56''' Moses received the Book of the Law *'''57''' The creation of the heavens and the earth is certainly greater than the re-creation of humankind, but most people do not know * '''58''' Muhammad to fly for refuge to God against proud infidels *'''59''' God manifested to creation, but few men understand *'''60''' The righteous and the evil not equal *'''61''' The judgment-day sure to come *'''62''' Rejectors of God shall be rejected *'''63–66''' The true God rejected by ungrateful men *'''67–68''' The true God alone to be worshipped *'''69–70''' God the Sovereign Creator of all things *'''71–76''' The miserable lot of those who reject the Scriptures *'''77''' Muhammad to persevere patiently *'''78''' No apostle ever wrought miracles without God's permission *'''79–81''' God revealed in his works of providence *'''82–83''' Former infidels were destroyed for their unbelief *'''84–85''' They all repented when too late to avail<ref>Rev. E. M. Wherry, M.A., ''A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes'' {{PD-notice}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category}} *{{Wikisource-inline|list= **The Believer, 1930 translation by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall **40. The Believer, 1917 translation by Maulana Muhammad Ali }} *[https://quran.com/40 Quran 40], 2020 Mustafa Khattab translation *[https://www.islamawakened.com/quran/40/1/ Q40:1], a verse-by-verse comparison of various translations

Ghafir Ghafir