Al-Duri

{{Short description|Arab canonical reciter of the Qur'an (767–860)}} {{Infobox scholar | honorific_prefix = | name = Ad-Duri | honorific_suffix = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name =  | birth_date = 767CE<br />150AH | birth_place = Samarra | death_date = 860CE<br />246AH | death_place = Baghdad | death_cause = | nationality = | citizenship = | other_names = Abu ‘Amr Hafs Ibn ‘Umar Ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz al-Baghdadi | occupation = | period = | known_for = | home_town = | title = | boards =  | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | awards =  | website = | education = | alma_mater =  | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | school_tradition = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | influences =  | era = | discipline =  | sub_discipline =  | workplaces =  | doctoral_students =  | notable_students =  | main_interests = | notable_works = | notable_ideas = | influenced = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | footnotes = }} '''Abu ‘Amr Hafs Ibn ‘Umar Ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz al-Baghdadi''', better known as '''Al-Duri''' (767-860 CE; 150-246 AH),<ref name=ten>Muhammad Ghoniem and MSM Saifullah, [http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Quran/Text/Qiraat/the10.html The Ten Readers & Their Transmitters]. (c) Islamic Awareness. Updated January 8, 2002; accessed April 11, 2016.</ref><ref name=shady129>Shady Hekmat Nasser, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Kx7i2Y56WuYC&dq=aasim+qira%27ah&pg=PA57 Ibn Mujahid and the Canonization of the Seven Readings], p. 129. Taken from ''The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawaatur and the Emergence of Shawaadhdh''. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2012. {{ISBN|9789004240810}}</ref> was a significant figure in the transmission of the Qira'at, or methods of reciting the Qur'an.<ref name=khal>Ibn Khallikan, [https://books.google.com/books?id=D9jd70CULyYC&dq=hamza+ibn+habib&pg=PA478 Deaths of Eminent Men and History of the Sons of the Epoch], vol. 4, pg. 401. Trns. William McGuckin de Slane. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1843.</ref><ref name=Umayyad>Alfred Felix Landon Beeston, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0QkhaK4kBUC&dq=qunbul&pg=PA244 Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period], pg. 244. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. {{ISBN|9780521240154}}</ref> Of the seven canonical reciters, al-Duri was a transmitter for two entirely separate methods: that of Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala' and that of Al-Kisa'i.<ref>Theodor Nöldeke, Friedrich Schwally, Gotthelf Bergsträsser and Otto Pretzl. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uKEHNcrPC9cC&dq=qunbul&pg=PA530 The History of the Qur'an], pg. 530. Ed. Wolfgang H. Behn. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2013. {{ISBN|9789004228795}}</ref><ref name=guide>[http://propheticguidance.co.uk/imam-ibn-kathir-al-makki/ Imām ibn Kathīr al-Makkī] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706231738/http://propheticguidance.co.uk/imam-ibn-kathir-al-makki/ |date=2016-07-06 }}. © 2013 Prophetic Guidance. Published June 16, 2013. Accessed April 13, 2016.</ref> He was a direct disciple of the latter and an indirect disciple of the former due to a generational gap.<ref name=malay>Peter G. Riddell, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Tq1v_V4haj4C&dq=nafi%27+al+madani&pg=PA164 Early Malay Qur'anic exegical activity], p. 164. Taken from ''Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World: Transmission and Responses''. London: C. Hurst & Co., 2001. {{ISBN|9781850653363}}</ref> al-Duri transmits Abu 'Amr's recitation through Abu Muhammad Yahya ibn al-Mubarak ibn a-Mughirah al-Yazidi (d. 202 AH).<ref>al-Qur'an Riwayat al-Duri 'an Abu 'Amr al-Basri. Masjid al-Nabawi, [https://app.quranflash.com/book/Douri?en#/reader/chapter/524?vi=0 pg. 524]</ref> Learned men were said to have travelled from different countries to learn both Qur'an recitation as well as Hadith from him.<ref name=khal/> Among his students in recitation were Muhammad bin Dawud al-Zahiri and Niftawayh.<ref>Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, ''History of the Prophets and Kings'', trans. Franz Rosenthal. Vol. 1: General Introduction and From the Creation to the Flood, pg. 58. Albany: SUNY Press, 1989.</ref>

Al-Duri was born in Samarra in the year 767CE,<ref name=malay/> died in Baghdad during the month of Shawwal in the year 860CE.<ref name=shady129/><ref name=Umayyad/><ref name=malay/> Though he was born and grew up in Samarra, his roots were traced to his city of death and he was a member of the Arabian tribe of Azd.<ref name=khal/> A simple and pious man, he lost his sight in his old age.<ref name=khal/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:767 births Category:860 deaths Category:8th-century Arab people Category:9th-century Arab people Category:Quranic readings Category:Azd Category:People from Samarra Category:People from Baghdad