{{Short description|Method of drying fabrics}} {{For|the distribution of audio or video content|Broadcasting}} [[File:布団干日和 (7144675297) (cropped to futons).jpg|thumb|upright=1.7|Airing futons (of both the quilt and mattress variety) in Japan. Note specialized railing clips]] '''Airing''' is the practice of hanging or laying out articles and exposing them to air, and sometimes heat and light. This practice is commonly used to dry many types of fabric. One of the most common methods of drying using airing is the clothesline. It consists of a thin wire from which clothing pieces and bedsheets (among others) are hung, using pegs or simply laying the article over the line.
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==Reasons== Air contains water vapour; warm air can hold more water than cold air. If the temperature of air drops past its dew point, the water will condense out. The dew point is the point where the relative humidity reaches 100%, and the air becomes supersaturated with water.
If water condenses on pieces of equipment, it can cause rot, mould, mildew, and other deterioration. To prevent this, they are brought out in the open, and undersaturated air is circulated around them to dry them out. Some extant mildew can be killed by airing for several hours before vacuuming the cloth.<ref name="heirloom">{{cite web |last1=Baker |first1=Marjorie M. |title=Caring for your Textile Heirlooms |url=https://fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/sites/fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/files/ct-lmh.062.pdfhttps://fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/sites/fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/files/ct-lmh.062.pdf |publisher=University of Kentucky, School of Human Environmental Sciences Family & Consumer Sciences Extension |access-date=22 January 2022 |ref=FCS2-707 |language=en |date=March 1, 2008|orig-date=updated March 1, 2012|quote=Avoid storage in basements or other places where high humidity and poor air circulation are found. When mildew already exists on the fabric, kill the growth by exposing the textile to gently moving warm dry air and to warmer temperatures. Shaded outdoor airing for two to three hours on a warm day will kill mildew fungi. Then it can be removed by careful hand vacuuming (see Cleaning Procedures).}}</ref>
In a building with forced-air heating, the air is brought in from the outside and warmed, so the indoor relative humidity is lowered. In cold weather, the relative humidity inside such a building will be very dry, and airing will not be as important. In warmer climates where heating is less-used, condensation is more likely to be a problem. As exhaled breath is at about 100% humidity, breathing in a room will encourage condensation.
A human body heats and humidifies clothing it is wearing. Airing clothing after wearing dries it out again.<ref name="storage">{{cite web |last1=Baker |first1=Marjorie M. |title=Clothing Storage |url=https://fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/sites/fcs-hes.ca.uky.edu/files/ct-lmh.062.pdf |ref=CT-LMH.062 |date=December 1, 1990|orig-date=updated June 1, 2007|publisher=University of Kentucky, School of Human Environmental Sciences Family & Consumer Sciences Extension |access-date=22 January 2022 |quote=Air clothing after wearing and before it is stored. A good airing of several hours or overnight allows the moisture absorbed from the body during wearing to evaporate. Airing also helps deodorize garments naturally.}}</ref>
Airing is used to reduce smells<ref name="storage"/><ref name="quiltcare"/> and allow clothing to be washed less frequently.<ref name="Marcin">{{cite web |last1=Marcin |first1=Ashley |title=You're Washing Your Clothes Too Often! (What to Do Instead) |url=https://www.wisebread.com/youre-washing-your-clothes-too-often-what-to-do-instead |website=Wise Bread |access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref> Reduced microbial growth aside, a common source of smells is volatile organic compounds. As they are volatile, they will tend to evaporate into the air when articles are aired.
Airing outdoors is best done when the outdoor humidity is lower, often between 10:00{{spaces}}a.m. and 3:00{{spaces}}p.m., midmorning to midafternoon.<ref name=futon>{{cite web |last1=L. |title=How to Air Your Futon |url=http://wandertokyo.com/air-your-futon/ |website=Wander Tokyo |date=28 November 2012}}</ref> Airing for a few hours will prolong the life of fabric, but airing for too long in strong light can damage it.<ref name="quiltcare"/><ref name=futon/>
==Equipment== Clothing is often hung to air in a clothesline or clotheshorse, outdoors in dry weather, and indoors in wet. An overhead clothes airer may be used to save space.
Delicate textiles are aired lying flat, in dim or shaded areas, to avoid fading the colours or weakening the fibers. A plastic sheet covered with a clean sheet, laid outdoors in the shade, can be used to air delicate items that can't be hung.<ref name="quiltcare">{{cite web |last1=Niemeyer |first1=Shirley M. |last2=Crews |first2=Patricia C. |title=Care of Quilts: Cleaning |url=https://extensionpubs.unl.edu/publication/9000016365347/care-of-quilts/ |publisher=University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension Publications Web site |ref=G1820 |date=January 1, 2002|orig-date=last revised November 29, 2007|quote=A musty smell often can be diminished by airing quilts in a shaded area outdoors or in a well-ventilated area indoors. Place a large plastic sheet on the ground or floor, cover it with a clean white sheet, and then lay the quilt on top of the sheet for airing. Air quilts away from direct sunlight as direct sunlight or bright indoor light fades colors and weakens fibers. Do not drape quilts over clotheslines. The yarns and fibers are strained, and the weight can break stitches or tear fabrics. Never beat or shake a quilt to remove dust.}}</ref>
A drying cover, a thin, dark-coloured, breathable cloth, is sometimes used to protect articles from the sun while heating and drying them in the sun.<ref name=futon/>
<gallery mode=packed heights=250> File:Star of India bos'n's locker 4.JPG|A hanging locker in an 1863 ship, for airing lines File:Star of India bos'n's locker 7.JPG|...a wooden grating overhead allows air circulation. File:Elektrischer Schlauchtrockenschrank, Ziegler (DFM).JPG|A drying cabinet for firefighting hoses File:Futon dryer 1.JPG|An electric futon dryer airs a futon in-situ File:TS 30.jpg|A small electrically heated drying cabinet </gallery>
An external heating source allows items to be aired inside even in damp weather, but costs energy, especially if the hot air leaves too rapidly, before absorbing much moisture. A drying cabinet heats a confined space in which items are hung, or shelved on slatted shelves, so the air can circulate; the leakiness of the cabinet can usually be adjusted. Aboard ship, a heated hanging locker fills a similar role. An airing cupboard often uses waste heat from an appliance (such as a water heater) to dry items<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toronto |first1=University of |title=Nice Idea From the Past: The Airing Cupboard |url=https://www.treehugger.com/nice-idea-past-airing-cupboard-4858093 |website=Treehugger |access-date=22 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref> on rods or slatted shelves.<ref>{{cite web |title=How to build airing cupboard shelving - Ideas & Advice |url=https://www.wickes.co.uk/ideas-advice/airing-cupboard-storage |website=www.wickes.co.uk}}</ref>
In climates where indoor humidity tends to rise too high and promote mould, airing cupboards may have separate ventilation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bradford |first1=Eleanor |title=Indoor laundry drying 'poses a health risk' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-20176376 |website=BBC News |access-date=22 January 2022 |date=2 November 2012}}</ref>
==Items== Western bedding may be aired for an hour or more after waking, by throwing the covers back or hanging them over the foot of the bed and/or a chair, to reduce mould, mites, and stale smells.<ref name=Mendelson>{{cite book |last1=Mendelson |first1=Cheryl |title=Home Comforts: The Art and Science of Keeping House |page=660 |url=https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/home-comforts-cheryl-mendelson/1100185219 |language=en}}, as [http://www.makingahouseahome.net/2017/02/airing-out-your-bed-and-bedroom.html quoted here].</ref>
Futons get musty, mouldy, and infested by mites if not aired regularly. The frequency of airing needed depends on the type of futon. Traditionally they are aired by hanging outside, but where this is not possible a futon dryer is used.<ref name=futon/> Airing them also fluffs them up, making them more comfortable to sleep on.<ref>{{cite web |title=Traditional Japanese Houses |url=https://www.nippon.com/en/features/jg00082/ |website=nippon.com |language=en |date=23 July 2016}}</ref>
In the Arctic, furs are aired outside in good weather, especially in spring.<ref name="tyman_winter">{{Cite web|url=https://www.johntyman.com/arctic/inuit201.html|series=INUIT ~ People of the Arctic|title=Winter Clothing (III.1: INUIT CLOTHING/SHELTER)|author= John Tyman}}</ref>
==References== {{commons category|Airing (exposing to air circulation)}} {{reflist}}
Category:Humidity and hygrometry Category:Microbial growth and nutrition Category:Textiles Category:Domestic life Category:Medical hygiene