{{Short description|New Zealand politician and farmer (1843–1924)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}} {{Use New Zealand English|date=July 2014}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | name = Acton Adams | honorific_suffix = | image = W Acton Adams.jpg | alt = | caption = | constituency_MP = [[Nelson (New Zealand electorate)|Nelson]] | parliament = New Zealand | majority = | term_start = 1879 | term_end = 1881 | predecessor = [[John Sharp (New Zealand politician)|John Sharp]] | successor = [[Henry Levestam]] | birth_date = 1843 | birth_place = Wilden Manor, [[Tenbury Wells]], [[Worcestershire]], England | death_date = {{Death date and given age|df=y|1924|01|24|80}} | death_place = [[Knightsbridge]], London, England | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | birth_name = {{nowrap|William Acton Blakeway Adams}} | party = | other_party = <!--For additional political affiliations--> | spouse = {{marriage|Harriette Frances Leadam|1869}} | partner = <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married--> | relations = [[William Adams (New Zealand politician)|William Adams]] (father) | children = | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Lawyer | signature = }} '''William Acton Blakeway Adams''' {{post-nominals|country=NZL|JP|size=85%}} (1843 – 24 January 1924), known as '''Acton Adams''',<ref>{{cite news|title=Waimea Nomination|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NEM18790905.2.5|access-date=7 July 2011|work=[[Nelson Evening Mail]]|volume=XIV |issue=201 |date=5 September 1879|page=2}}</ref> was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from [[Nelson, New Zealand|Nelson]], New Zealand.
==Early life== Adams was born at Wilden Manor, [[Tenbury Wells]], [[Worcestershire]], England, in 1843. The Adams family was descended from a William Adams who inherited the property of the supposed Knight Sturmy, an 11th-century Crusader. There is an element of doubt around who Sturmy was. An 1830 publication states the John Sturmy of Tenbury was not a Crusader.<ref>Volume 100 |page=588, ''The Gentlemans Magazine'' by Sylvanus Urban, London 1830</ref>
Adams was the oldest son of [[William Adams (New Zealand politician)|William Adams]], an English solicitor. His father, together with his family, migrated to Nelson on the ship ''Eden'' in 1850, acquired two runs in Wairau and became leader of the separation movement between Nelson and the Wairau.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McCaskill |first=L.W. |title=Molesworth |publisher=AH & AW Reed |year=1969 |location=Wellington |pages=50}}</ref> The [[Marlborough Region|Wairau]] was later renamed Marlborough. His father was Marlborough's first Superintendent, the first Commissioner of Crown Lands, and afterwards member of the House of Representatives for [[Picton, New Zealand|Picton]]. On retiring from political life, his father returned to practising law, replacing [[William Travers (New Zealand politician)|William Travers]] in the Nelson firm of Travers and Kingdon. The firm's name was changed to Adams and Kingdon.<ref name="NZETC Adams">{{cite book |title=The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Canterbury Provincial District |year=1903 |url= https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc03Cycl-t1-body1-d3-d57-d2.html |publisher=[[The Cyclopedia of New Zealand]] |author=Cyclopedia Company Limited |access-date= 21 March 2012 |location=Christchurch |chapter=Mr. William Acton-Adams}}</ref>
== Legal career == Adams attended [[Nelson College]] from 1857 to 1859 being both Head Boy and Captain of the Cricket team.<ref>{{cite web|last=Leahy|first=Wendy|title=School list of Nelson College 1856-1924|url= https://shadowsoftime.co.nz/nelson1.html |publisher=Shadows of Time|access-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> While his father was involved in politics, Adams took over management of the Wairau sheep runs. In 1862 he joined Adams and Kingdon, being admitted as a barrister and solicitor in 1867. He left for England in 1867 to study law at the [[Inner Temple]], [[London]], and returned to Nelson in 1869 to become a junior partner in the firm.<ref>Page 4 Advertisements Column 3, ''Colonist'', Volume XIII, Issue 1305, 29 March 1870, Page 4</ref> While in London Adams married Harriette Frances Leadam, on 27 July 1869.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WI18691007.2.8 | title=Marriages | date=7 October 1869 | work=Wellington Independent |access-date=8 September 2016 | page=2}}</ref>
== Political career == {{NZ parlbox header|nolist=true|align=left}} {{NZ parlbox |start = {{By-election link year|Nelson|1879}} |end = |term = 6th |electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Nelson}} |party = Independent politician }} {{NZ parlbox |start = {{NZ election link year|1879}} |end = 1881 |term = 7th |electorate = Nelson |party = Independent politician }} {{End}} From 1873 to 1876, Adams represented the Nelson electorate in the [[Nelson Provincial Council]].{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=211}} He was leader of the Opposition. He successfully ran against [[Albert Pitt|Colonel Pitt]] for election to the House of Representatives in the [[Nelson (New Zealand electorate)|Nelson electorate]] in an {{By-election link|Nelson|1879}} as a supporter of [[John Hall (New Zealand politician)|Sir John Hall]].{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=179}} When the [[6th New Zealand Parliament|Grey Government]] was defeated in a confidence motion Adams was again elected as a supporter of the [[7th New Zealand Parliament|Hall Ministry]]. In 1881 Adams fell seriously ill and as his medical advisors considered he may not recover he resigned from Parliament. He also stepped down from his position with Adams and Kingdon at that time handing it over to his brother, Percy Adams.<ref>Obituary, ''Colonist'', Volume XLVIII, Issue 11650, 11 June 1906, Page 2</ref> His resignation caused the {{By-election link|Nelson|1881}}, which was won by [[Henry Levestam]].{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=120}}
== Railway supporter == In 1872, as treasurer of the Nelson and West Coast Railway League, he proposed constructing the line by means of land grants.
When he moved to [[Christchurch]] in 1885, Adams joined the Christchurch League that was seeking to have a railway connection with Nelson. He along with others formed the East and West Coast and Nelson Railway League and became its chairman. Adams' work resulted in the [[Midland Railway Company]].
== Christchurch == In 1881 Adams went on a trip to Europe to regain his health, taking his family with him. In 1883 Adams returned and settled in Christchurch. He had agreed not to practise law in Nelson when he resigned from Adams and Kingdon.
Adams went into partnership with [[Thomas Joynt]], founding Joynt and Acton-Adams. When the partnership was dissolved in 1887, he founded Acton-Adams and Kippenberger. Adams also continued his interest in sheep-farming, adding the [[Molesworth Station]] to Tarndale station, purchasing the Hopefield-Woodbank station in the Amuri district, acquiring Island Farm and the Salop Downs estates in Selwyn County, and purchasing a part of the Motunau property and other adjoining lands he founded the Tipapa Estate. Adams converted several thousand acres of [[Tussock grasslands of New Zealand|tussock]] land to grass pastures.
== Rabbit invasion and later life == About 1890 the Amuri was invaded by [[rabbit]]s from [[Kaikōura]] and [[Blenheim, New Zealand|Blenheim]] in such numbers as to practically ruin the back country runs. Adams sustained very severe financial losses. Fighting the rabbits and the consequent financial depression compelled him to devote most of his time to farming matters and practically to retire from the law. Adams was one of the largest landholders in Marlborough and Canterbury with some 75,000 sheep. He later returned to England to London where he continued to take a keen interest in New Zealand. While in London he was a Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute and was on the council of the Imperial Institute.
He had three sons Herbert, Reginald, and Percy; and one daughter, Adine.
Adams died in London at 74 Park Mansions, [[Knightsbridge]] on 24 January 1924 after what was described as a long and tedious illness that had resulted from an operation he had had in 1920.<ref>The late Mr Acton-Adams, ''Evening Post'', Issue 60, 11 March 1924, Page 14</ref> He was cremated and interred in the family vault near the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Tenbury.
His estate was worth £202,868.<ref>''Recent wills'', Hawera & Normanby Star, Volume XLIV, 26 March 1924, Page 5</ref>
==Notes== {{Reflist}}
==References== *{{Cite book |last= Scholefield |first= Guy |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 |author-link=Guy Scholefield |edition=3rd |orig-date= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1950 |publisher=Govt. Printer |location= Wellington}} *{{Cite book |last= Wilson |first= Jim | author-link=Jim Wilson (librarian) |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |orig-date= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher=V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc=154283103}}
{{s-start}} {{s-par | nz}} {{s-bef | before = [[John Sharp (New Zealand politician)|John Sharp]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[Nelson (New Zealand electorate)|Member of Parliament for Nelson]] | years = 1879–1881 | alongside = [[Oswald Curtis]], [[Albert Pitt]] }} {{s-aft | after = [[Henry Levestam]] }} {{end}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Adams, William A}} [[Category:New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates]] [[Category:People educated at Nelson College]] [[Category:19th-century New Zealand lawyers]] [[Category:Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives]] [[Category:1843 births]] [[Category:1924 deaths]] [[Category:British emigrants to New Zealand]] [[Category:People from Tenbury Wells]] [[Category:19th-century New Zealand politicians]]