Acronychia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Acronychia pedunculata Flower 1.jpg | image_caption = ''Acronychia pedunculata'' | taxon = Acronychia | authority = J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.<ref name="APC">{{cite web |title=''Acronychia'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/73783|publisher=Australian Plant Census |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> |synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" /> |synonyms = *''Cyminosma'' Gaertn. nom. illeg. *''Errerana'' Kuntze nom. illeg. *''Jambolifera'' L. nom. rej. *''Pleiococca'' F.Muell. | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }}

'''''Acronychia''''' is a genus of about fifty species of plants in the rue family Rutaceae. The leaves are simple or pinnate, and the flowers bisexual with four sepals, four petals and eight stamens. They have a broad distribution including in India, Malesia, Australia and the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. About twenty species are endemic to Australia.

==Description== Plants in the genus ''Acronychia'' are shrubs or trees with simple or trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs and with oil glands in the leaves. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils either singly or in cymes or panicles. The flowers are bisexual, with four sepals, four petals and eight stamens. The petals are free from each other, as are the stamens. The stigma is small, not differentiated from the style, the fruit is a drupe and the seeds are black.<ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Duretto |first1=Marco F. |title=''Acronychia'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/dc254475-b6f1-4fe0-8fd1-090e9822b182 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |last1=Richards |first1=P.G. |last2=Harden |first2=Gwen J. |title=Genus ''Acronychia'' |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&showsyn=&dist=&constat=&lvl=gn&name=Acronychia |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>

==Taxonomy and naming== The genus ''Acronychia'' was first formally described in 1775 by Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster in their book ''Characteres Generum Plantarum''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Acronychia''|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/486065|publisher=APNI|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="Forst.">{{cite book |last1=Forster |first1=Johann Reinhold |last2=Forster |first2=Georg |title=Characteres Generum Plantarum |date=1775 |publisher=Prostant apud B. White, T. Cadell, & P. Elmsly |location=London |page=53 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23365#page/69/mode/1up |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> The first species they described, the type was ''Acronychia laevis''.<ref name="APNI" />

Some species have common names including the word "aspen", a name also applied to some Northern Hemisphere plants in the genus ''Populus'' in the family Salicaceae.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/HardwoodNA/pdf_files/popaspeneng.pdf|title=technology transfer fact sheet: ''Populus'' spp.|work=Forest Products Laboratory: R&D USDA |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service|location=Madison, Wisconsin|date=|accessdate=20 September 2010}}</ref>

===Species list=== The following is a list of species accepted by Plants of the World Online as at June 2020:<ref name="POWO">{{cite web |title=Plants of the World Online - ''Acronychia'' |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/results?q=Acronychia |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=35em}} * ''Acronychia aberrans'' T.G.Hartley — acid berry, lemon aspen, plasticine tree (Qld.) * ''Acronychia acidula'' F.Muell. — lemon aspen, lemon wood (Qld.) * ''Acronychia acronychioides'' (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley — white aspen (Qld.) * ''Acronychia acuminata'' T.G.Hartley — Thornton aspen (Qld.) * ''Acronychia arfakensis'' Gibbs — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia baeuerlenii'' T.G.Hartley — Byron Bay acronychia (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia brassii'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia carrii'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia cartilaginea'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia chooreechillum'' (F.M.Bailey) C.T.White — mountain aspen (Qld.) * ''Acronychia crassipetala'' T.G.Hartley — crater aspen (Qld.) * ''Acronychia cuspidata'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia cyminosma'' F.Muell. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia dimorphocalyx'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia emarginata'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia eungellensis'' T.G.Hartley & B.Hyland — Eungella aspen (Qld.) * ''Acronychia foveata'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia glauca'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia goniocarpa'' Merr. & L.M.Perry — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia gurakorensis'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia imperforata'' F.Muell. — Logan apple, Fraser Island apple, green tree (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia intermedia'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia kaidiensis'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia laevis'' J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. — hard aspen (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia ledermannii'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia littoralis'' T.G.Hartley & J.B.Williams — scented acronychia (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia macrocalyx'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia montana'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia murina'' Ridl. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia normanbyensis'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia oblongifolia'' A.Cunn. ex Hook. — white aspen, yellow wood (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) * ''Acronychia octandra'' (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley — doughwood, silver birch, soapwood (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia papuana'' Gibbs — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia parviflora'' C.T.White — (Qld.) * ''Acronychia pauciflora'' C.T.White — (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia pedunculata'' (L.) Miq. — South and Southeast Asia * ''Acronychia peninsularis'' T.G.Hartley — (Qld.) * ''Acronychia pubescens'' (F.M.Bailey) C.T.White — (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia pullei'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia reticulata'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia richards-beehleri'' Takeuchi — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia rubescens'' Lauterb. — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia rugosa'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia schistacea'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia similaris'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia smithii'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia suberosa'' C.T.White — (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia trifoliolata'' Zoll. & Moritzi — (Christmas Island to the Solomon Islands) * ''Acronychia vestita'' F.Muell. — (Qld.) * ''Acronychia wabagensis'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) * ''Acronychia wilcoxiana'' (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley — (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Acronychia wisseliana'' T.G.Hartley — (New Guinea) {{div col end}}

== Uses== The best known species of ''Acronychia'' is probably ''A. acidula'' due to its promotion as a food plant.<ref name="ANPSA">{{cite web |title=''Acronychia acidula'' |url=http://anpsa.org.au/a-aci.html |publisher=Australian Native Plants Society (Australia) |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>

===Gallery=== <gallery> Image:Acronychia acidula1.jpg| ''Acronychia acidula'' fruit Image:Acronychia pedunculata Fruits 1.jpg| ''Acronychia pedunculata'' fruit Image: ScentedAcronychia-flowers.JPG| Scented acronychia </gallery>

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Acronychia Category:Zanthoxyloideae genera

Acronychia

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