Acrodont

{{Short description|Tooth placement in bony fish}} [[File:Tuatara jaw.jpg|thumb|The main lower jaw bone of a [[tuatara]] (''Sphenodon punctatus''), showing acrodont dentition]] '''Acrodonty''' (from Greek ''akros'' 'highest'<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wordpandit.com/acro-root-word |title=Know about Acro Root word and words based on this Root Acro |date=29 August 2017}}</ref> + ''odont-'' 'tooth') is an anatomical placement of the teeth at the summit of the [[alveolar ridge]] of the jaw, without sockets,<ref>Plough, F. H. et al. (2002) ''Vertebrate Life'', 6th Ed. Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. {{ISBN|0-13-041248-1}}</ref> characteristic of [[Osteichthyes|bony fish]]. Functionally, acrodont tooth implantation may be related to greater bite force.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jenkins |first1=Kelsey M. |last2=Shaw |first2=Jack O. |date=2020-06-30 |title=Bite force data suggests relationship between acrodont tooth implantation and strong bite force |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=8 |article-number=e9468 |doi=10.7717/peerj.9468 |pmid=32656000 |pmc=7333653 |issn=2167-8359 |doi-access=free}}</ref> However, this result is not supported when size and phylogeny is taken into account.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Isip |first1=Justin E. |last2=Jones |first2=Marc E. H. |last3=Cooper |first3=Natalie |date=2022-02-23 |title=Clade-wide variation in bite-force performance is determined primarily by size, not ecology |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B |language=en |volume=289(1969) |issue=1969 |article-number=20212493 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2021.2493 |pmid=35193399 |hdl=10141/622974 |hdl-access=free|pmc=8864353 }}</ref>

== Examples == === Squamata === Within [[squamate]] reptiles, acrodont tooth implantation is best known in [[Acrodonta (lizard)|Acrodonta]] and some species of [[amphisbaenia]]ns, though some snakes are also referred to as being acrodont. Acrodonta is unique in that the name of the clade is based upon this trait. Most other squamate reptiles have [[pleurodont]] dentition, though some snakes are occasionally described as having acrodont dentition.<ref name="Budney et al. 2006">{{cite journal |last1=Budney |first1=Lisa A. |last2=Caldwell |first2=Michael W. |last3=Albino |first3=Adriana |title=Tooth socket histology in the Cretaceous snake ''Dinilysia'', with a review of amniote dental attachment tissues |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |date=2006 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=138–145 |jstor=4524544 |doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[138:TSHITC]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=86130973}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rajabizadeh |first1=Mahdi |last2=Van Wassenbergh |first2=Sam |last3=Mallet |first3=Christophe |last4=Rücklin |first4=Martin |last5=Herrel |first5=Anthony |title=Tooth-shape adaptations in aglyphous colubrid snakes inferred from three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis |url=https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa063/5865795 |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |year=2020 |volume=191 |issue=2 |pages=454–467 |language=en |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa063 |hdl=10067/1748930151162165141 |hdl-access=free|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

=== Rhynchocephalia === Acrodont tooth implantation is common within [[Rhynchocephalia]], including ''[[Sphenodon]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jenkins |first1=Kelsey M. |last2=Jones |first2=Marc E. H. |last3=Zikmund |first3=Tomas |last4=Boyde |first4=Alan |last5=Daza |first5=Juan D. |date=September 2017 |title=A Review of Tooth Implantation Among Rhynchocephalians (Lepidosauria) |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1670/16-146 |journal=Journal of Herpetology |language=en |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=300–306 |doi=10.1670/16-146 |s2cid=90519352 |issn=0022-1511 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

=== Amphibia === Acrodont tooth implantation also present in some [[frogs]] and the [[temnospondyl]] ''[[Microposaurus]]''.<ref name="Edmund 1969">{{cite journal |last1=Edmund |first1=A. G. |title=Dentition |journal=Biology of the Reptilia |date=1969 |volume=1 |pages=117–200 |access-date=16 August 2017 |url=http://carlgans.org/bor-view/?borv=1&borpage=117}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cWJZnEQRUEoC&q=frog+acrodont&pg=SA4-PA77 |title = Objective Zoology}}</ref><ref>Damiani, Ross (2004). "Cranial anatomy and relationships of Microposaurus casei, a temnospondyl from the Middle Triassic of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (3): 533–41. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0533:caarom]2.0.co;2.</ref>

== References == {{reflist|30em}}

== External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070701060131/http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Bones/Teeth/ToothImplantation.html Tooth Implantation] * [http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?cls=17&cat=1848&articleid=2812 Oral Cavity of Reptiles - Anatomy and Physiology]

[[Category:Types of dentition]]