{{Short description|Italian writer (1488–1562)}} thumb|Achille Bocchi. '''Achille Bocchi''' ('''Achilles Bocchius''') (1488 &ndash; 6 November 1562), of Bologna, was an Italian humanist writer, emblematist, historian and lector in Greek, poetry and "humanae litterae" at the University of Bologna.<ref>[http://www.she-philosopher.com/gallery/atheniansociety.html she-philosopher.com: Gallery exhibit (The Athenian Society)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> He is best known for his emblem book ''Symbolicarum quaestionum de universo genere'' from 1555, which "takes as its subject the whole of universal knowledge: physics, metaphysics, theology, dialectic, Love, Life and Death, packaging them under the veil of fables and myths."<ref>John Manning, ''The Emblem'' (2002) p.114.</ref> It borrowed from Francesco Colonna.<ref>Manning p.73 refers to ''Bocchi's wholesale pillaging of one of Colonna's hieroglyphic fragments''.</ref> The title page put it in the tradition of ''serio ludere''.<ref>"Playing seriously" (Manning p. 154).</ref> Bocchi was a friend of Giovanni Pierio Valeriano Bolzanio, and his work is related to Valeriano's ''Hieroglyphica''.

Bocchi was the leader of an informal academy, the ''Accademia Bocchiana'', under the protection of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, nephew of the Farnese Pope Paul III. For Bocchi Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, recently returned from Fontainebleau, designed the '''Palazzo Bocchi''', Bologna, about 1545 (built 1545-55<ref>It was engraved in 1555. Wolfgang Lotz, "Architecture in the Later 16th Century" ''College Art Journal'' '''17'''.2 (Winter 1958, pp. 129-139) fig. 4.</ref>); for the façade Bocchi provided two inscriptions, one in Latin, the other in Hebrew, that run along the rusticated base of the front.<ref>The emblematic nature of the inscriptions, turning the whole façade into an emblem of the ''Accademia Bocchiana'', is discussed in Marcus Kiefer, ''Emblematische Strukturen in Stein: Vignolas Palazzo Bocchi in Bologna'' (Freiburg: Rombach) 1999. For another point of view and a different analysis, see Anne Rolet, « L'''Hermathena Bocchiana'' ou l'idée de la parfaite académie », ''in'' M. Deramaix, P. Galand-Hallyn, G. Vagenheim, J. Vignes (dir.), ''Les Académies dans l'Europe humaniste. Idéaux et pratiques'' Genève, Droz, 2008, p. 295-338</ref>

==Notes== {{Reflist|30em}}

==References== *Elizabeth See Watson (1993). ''Achille Bocchi and the Emblem Book as Symbolic Form'' *Anne Rolet (2015) . ''Les'' Questions symboliques ''d'Achille Bocchi. (''Symbolicae Quaestiones'', 1555)'', Presses Universitaires François-Rabelais/Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2015, 1610 pages; {{ISBN|978-2-86906-380-8}}. This is the first critical edition of Bocchi's emblems: Volume 1 (630p.) presents a thorough introduction and the edited worf itself with apparatus; Volume 2 (960p.) offers a French translation in verse of each emblem, with notes and commentaries aiming at helping readers find their way through the book's rich network of references and sophisticated allusions. *Anne Rolet (2019). ''Dans le cercle d’Achille Bocchi : culture emblématique et pratiques académiques à Bologne au XVI<sup>e</sup> siècle'', Presses universitaires François-Rabelais, 2019, {{ISBN|978-2-86906-705-9}}. This is the first critical edition, with introduction, translation and notes, of three original neo-latin texts written in the cultural surrounding of the ''Academia Bocchiana'' in Renaissance Bologna. Two are by Bocchi himself : the ''Democritus'' or ''On Vanity'', is a serio-comic ''praelectio'' very much influenced by Antonio Urceo Codro, Pietro Crinito and Erasmus; the ''Ptolemaeus'' or ''What is the Prince's Duty Against Those Who Disparage Him'' is a political dialogue between Claudio Tolomei, Annibale Caro and Gabriele Cesano whose main political topics are inspired by ancient historians and Machiavel. The third text, a ''Little Commentary on Achille Bocchi's Symbol 10'' by the Aristotelian philosopher Giovanni Antonio Delfinio, is a very precious testimony about the interpretative methods humanists of the 16th century followed to decrypt emblematic literary productions : Delfinio's commentary is of great help to understand Bocchi's emblem, where the antique Ikarios bas-relief is seen through the sixth ''Eglogue'' of Virgil.

==External links== {{Commons category}} *{{in lang|it}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20051125085947/http://www.italica.rai.it/rinascimento/parole_chiave/schede/bocchi_achille.htm Biography] *[https://archive.org/details/bocchiibononsymb00bocc 1555 edition of 'Symbolicarum Quaestionum de Universo Genere' at Internet Archive] *[https://archive.org/details/achillisbocchiib00bocc 1574 edition of 'Symbolicarum Quaestionum de Universo Genere' at Internet Archive]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bocchi, Achille}} Category:1488 births Category:1562 deaths Category:Italian Renaissance humanists Category:16th-century Italian writers Category:16th-century Italian male writers Category:Academic staff of the University of Bologna