{{short description|Dutch cartographer, publisher, and engraver}} '''Abraham Goos''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈaːbraːɦɑm ˈɣoːs}}; 1590 – {{ca.|1643}}<ref>{{cite web |website=Maps of Africa: An Online Exhibit—A digital collection of African Maps at the Stanford University Libraries |publisher=Stanford University Libraries |url=https://exhibits.stanford.edu/maps-of-africa/catalog?f%5Bauthor_person_facet%5D%5B%5D=Goos%2C+Abraham%2C+1590%3F-1643%3F&f%5Blanguage%5D%5B%5D=Italian&per_page=100 |title=Africae described the manners of their habits and buildings newly done into English |access-date=28 December 2019}}</ref>) was a Dutch cartographer, publisher, and engraver. He made globes, maps of North America, a comprehensive map of European coastlines, and the first printed Hebrew language map of The Holy Land.
thumb|Zeelandia, from ''Nieuw Nederlandtsch Caertboeck'', 1625
==Early life and family== Abraham Goos (born about 1590) was the son of Pieter Goos, a diamond cutter, and Margriete van den Keere. Through his mother he was related to the engraver Pieter van den Keere (Petrus Kaerius).<ref name="keuning">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu10_01/molh003nieu10_01_0434.php |first=Johannes |last=Keuning |chapter=Goos, Abraham |title=Nieuw Nederlandsch biografisch woordenboek |volume=10 |year=1937 |editor1-first=P. J. |editor1-last=Blok |editor2-first=P. C. |editor2-last=Molhuysen |page=290}}</ref>
His first teacher was the engraver and cartographer Jodocus Hondius (1563–1612), who was related to Goos by marriage.<ref name="aa">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/aa__001biog08_01/aa__001biog08_01_0548.php#g0548 |chapter=Abraham Goos |title=Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden |volume=7 |year=1862 |pages=291–92 |last=Aa |first=A. J. van der}}</ref><ref name="keuning" />
He married Stijntgen Theunisdr de Ram ("Stijntje Teunis") in 1614 in Haarlem.<ref name="vries">{{cite journal |title=Biografische aanteekeningen betreffende voornamelijk Amsterdamsche schilders, plaatsnijders, enz. en hunne verwanten |first=A. D. de |last=Vries |journal=Oud Holland |volume=3 |year=1885 |pages=135–160 |jstor=42721753}}</ref> Goos lived on the Nieuwendijk in Amsterdam, and by 1615 had moved to the Kalverstraat, in "'t Vergulde Caertboeck".<ref name="keuning" />
The couple had several children, including the engraver and publisher Pieter Goos (1616–1675), as well as another son, Abraham Goos (baptized 1621), and a daughter, Cathalyna Goos (baptized 1623).<ref name="vries" /> == Career ==
After training under the engraver and cartographer Jodocus Hondius (1563–1612), Goos began his professional career in Amsterdam in the early seventeenth century.<ref>{{cite web |title=Abraham Goos (fl. 1614–1643) |url=https://library.missouri.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/venable-maps/mapmakers/goos |access-date=11 April 2026 |website=University of Missouri Libraries, Special Collections}}</ref>
After Hondius died, his son-in-law Jan Janssonius took over Hondius's business and continued the partnership with Goos. One of Hondius' specialties was the manufacture of globes, and Goos and Janssonius continued this work, regularly modifying the globes as new geographical information became available.<ref name="stevenson">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4YEjCJtcjhYC&pg=PA64 |pages=66–67 |title=Terrestrial and Celestial Globes: Their History and Construction, Including a Consideration of Their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy |volume=2 |publisher=Hispanic Society of America and Yale UP |first=Edward Luther |last=Stevenson |location=New York |year=1971}}</ref>
With his cousin Pieter van den Keere (in Latin, Petrus Kaerius; Goos's mother was van den Keere's sister<ref name="keere">{{cite journal |title=Pieter van den Keere (Petrus Kaerius), 1571–1646 (?) |first=Johannes |last=Keuning |journal=Imago Mundi |volume=15 |year=1960 |pages=66–72 |jstor=1150278 |doi=10.1080/03085696008592179 }}</ref>), Goos engraved the globe of Petrus Plancius in 1614.<ref name="keuning" /><ref name="keere" /> Goos became known as a specialist engraver and for the accuracy of his work.<ref name="aa" /> He also engraved maps for several publishers, including the English cartographer John Speed.<ref>{{cite web |title=Abraham Goos (fl. 1614–1643) |url=https://library.missouri.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/venable-maps/mapmakers/goos |access-date=11 April 2026 |website=University of Missouri Libraries, Special Collections}}</ref>
In 1616, Goos published the ''Nieuw Nederlandtsch Caertboeck'', one of the first atlases of the Netherlands.<ref>[https://library.missouri.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/venable-maps/mapmakers/goos "Abraham Goos"], University of Missouri Libraries Special Collections. Retrieved 29 April 2026.</ref><ref>[https://crouchrarebooks.com/mapmakers/goos-abraham-and-pieter/ "Goos, Abraham and Pieter"], Crouch Rare Books. Retrieved 29 April 2026.</ref> He was paid 120 guilders by the States General of the Netherlands. The atlas was republished in 1625.<ref name="aa" />
thumb|''Belgium Sive Inferior Germania'', 1621. "Leodiensis Episcopatus", below the center of the image, is the area of the Liège diocese.
Janssonius and Goos collaborated until the latter's death. In 1619 Janssonius printed Goos's ''Novus tabularum geographicarum Belgicae liber'' in Amsterdam,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v8MUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA128 |page=128 |title=Collections of Maps and Atlases in the Netherlands: Their History and Present State |volume=3 |series=Imago Mundi |first=C. |last=Koeman| publisher=Brill Archive |year=1961}}</ref> and Goos engraved seven maps for Janssonius's atlas of Germany.<ref name=keuning/>
In 1620 Goos engraved a map of Europe's coasts, with a separate map showing parts of Greenland, Spitsbergen, and Nova Zembla; the maps were drawn by Harmen and Marten Jansz.<ref name=keuning/>
A year later Janssonius issued a globe engraved by Goos,<ref name=conway>{{cite journal |title=The Cartography of Spitsbergen |first=Martin |last=Conway |journal=The Geographical Journal |volume=21 |issue=6 |year=1903 |pages=636–44 |jstor=1775655 |doi=10.2307/1775655 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1808977 }}</ref> and in the same year he published Goos's map of the Seventeen Provinces, ''Belgium Sive Inferior Germania post omnes in hac forma, exactissime descripta'', based on a 1608 map by Willem Blaeu. The map is notable because the Liège diocese was deliberately omitted, since it was not part of the Seventeen Provinces.<ref>{{cite book |title=Old maps of the Netherlands, 1548–1794 |page=361 |first=H. A. M. van der |last=Heijden |year=1998 |isbn=9789061869092}}</ref>
The map also records contemporary land-reclamation projects, indicating the drainage of lakes that would form three polders: the Beemster, the Purmer, and the Zijpe- en Hazepolder.<ref>{{cite book |title=Kaart en kunst van de zeventien provincien der Nederlanden: met een beknopte geschiedenis van de Nederlandse cartografie in de 16de en 17de eeuw |first=H. A. M. van der |last=Heijden |publisher=Canaletto/Repro-Holland |year=2001 |isbn=9789058671592 |page=90}}</ref> In a later edition published by Janssonius, some of these lakes were shown filled in with parcels.<ref>{{cite book |title=Hollandia comitatus |volume=1 |series=Utrecht Studies in the History of Cartography |first1=Dirk |last1=Blonk |first2=Joanna |last2=Blonk-van der Wijst |publisher=Brill |year=2000 |isbn=9789061944188 |page=295}}</ref>
== Cartographic works == With Jacob ben Abraham Zaddiq, he printed what is called the first map of the Holy Land in Hebrew, in 1620/21.<ref name="Zell2002">{{cite book|author=Michael Zell|title=Reframing Rembrandt: Jews and the Christian Image in Seventeenth-century Amsterdam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mEBBY2ahcDUC&pg=PA20|access-date=2 May 2013|year=2002|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-22741-5|pages=20–}}</ref> It was thought that a Jewish engraver in Amsterdam named Abraham B. Jacob was the first one to do so, in 1695.<ref>{{cite journal |title= La première carte de terre sainte en Hébreu (Amsterdam, 1620/21) |first=M. |last=Garel |journal=Studia Rosenthaliana |volume=21 |issue=2 |year=1987 |pages=131–39 }}</ref> The map is cited as an example of "Jewish authors creat[ing] artistic maps as part of their encounter with Christian society".<ref>{{cite journal |title=Ḥug ha-ʾareṣ by Rabbi Solomon of Chelm: An Early Geographical Treatise and Its Sources |first=Rehav |last=Rubin |journal=Aleph |volume=8 |issue=8 |year=2008 |pages=131–47 |jstor=40385904 |doi=10.2979/ALE.2008.-.8.131 }}</ref> (An earlier, much more schematic map not drawn to scale is a woodcut from Mantua, from the 1560s, with Hebrew designations.<ref>{{cite journal |title=A Sixteenth-Century Hebrew Map from Mantua |first=Rehav |last=Rubin |journal=Imago Mundi |volume=62 |issue=1 |year=2010 |pages=30–45 |jstor=20720527 |doi=10.1080/03085690903319259 |s2cid=161544847 }}</ref>)
Another first is his 1624 map of North America, published in Amsterdam; it is "the first major map to depict California as a distinct island" (though it does not mention "California"). It is the first to name the Hudson River, among other landmarks. Whether it really predates the map by Henry Briggs, published in 1625 in London, is a matter of some contention; it has been argued (based on a note from 1622, which said California was an island) that Briggs had sent a draft of a map to his Amsterdam publisher, which in turn influenced Goos.<ref name="Schwartz2008">{{cite book|author=Seymour I. Schwartz|title=The Mismapping of America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytxhjRNCeqkC&pg=PA144|access-date=2 May 2013|date=1 October 2008|publisher=University Rochester Press|isbn=978-1-58046-302-7|pages=144–}}</ref> Maps of his are published in various editions of the ''Atlas minor'' version of Gerard Mercator's 1595 (folio) atlas, starting in 1628 (Jodocus Hondius had acquired the copper plates from Mercator's son in 1604).<ref>{{cite journal |title=The History of an Atlas: Mercator. Hondius |first= Johannes |last=Keuning |journal=Imago Mundi |volume=4 |year=1947 |pages=37–62 |jstor= 1149747 |doi= 10.1080/03085694708591880 }}</ref>
== Death == His death date is unknown, though it was likely before 1643.
== Maps by Abraham Goos == <gallery> File:Map of Seventeen Provinces of Low Germanie (Zeventien Provincien der Nederlanden) 1626.jpg|Map of the Seventeen Provinces, published by I. Speed, 1626 File:AMH-7921-KB Map of North America and the Caribbean.jpg|North America and the Caribbean, 1624 File:AMH-7922-KB Map of South America.jpg|South America, 1624 File:Speed-Goos America 1626 (1676) UTA.jpg|America, 1626 File:1631 Europa Goos mr.jpg|Map of the European coasts, 1631 </gallery>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[https://books.google.com/books?id=FbJpAAAAcAAJ ''Nieuw Nederlandtsch Caertboeck'']
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Goos, Abraham}} Category:17th-century Dutch cartographers Category:1590 births Category:1643 deaths Category:17th-century Dutch engravers Category:Engravers from Amsterdam