American Megatrends

{{Short description|International hardware and software company}} {{Infobox company | name = American Megatrends, Inc. | logo = AMI logo.svg | logo_size = | trade_name = AMI | former_name = | type = Private | industry = {{Ubl |Computer hardware |Computer software }} | founded = {{Start date and age|1985}} | founders = Subramonian Shankar Pat Sarma | location = Gwinnett County, Georgia, U.S. | key_people = Sanjoy Maity (CEO) | products = {{Ubl |Diagnostic softwares |Out-of-band management |Motherboards |Firmwares |Storage systems }} | brands = AMIBIOS Aptio AMI EC AMIDIAG MegaRAC | num_employees = >1000 worldwide | homepage = {{URL|https://www.ami.com/}} | footnotes = <ref name="CorpInfo">[http://www.ami.com/about/corporate.cfm Corporate Information] {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080512022148/http://www.ami.com/about/corporate.cfm |date= 2008-05-12 }}. ''American Megatrends''.</ref><ref name="iiTMadras">"[http://www.iitmadras.org/oaa/daa/list/2000/ S. Shankar's Biography]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307164138/http://www.iitmadras.org/oaa/daa/list/2000/ |date= 2009-03-07 }}. ''iiT.Madras.org''. (scroll down).</ref> Pat Sarma }} '''American Megatrends, Inc.''', doing business as '''AMI''', is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://ami.com/en/ |title=About American Megatrends |date=2018 |publisher=American Megatrends Inc |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar.<ref name="Tri">{{Triangulation|226|S. Shankar}}</ref> It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area.<ref>"[https://www.ami.com/contact-us/international-offices/ International Offices]". American Megatrends. Retrieved on February 24, 2021. "AMI Corporate Headquarters 3095 Satellite Boulevard Building 800, Suite 425, Duluth, Georgia 30096" – The street address has "Duluth, Georgia" in it but the location is outside of the city limits.</ref>

The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high-end segment. Its first customer was PC's Limited,<ref name="Tri" /> later known as Dell.<ref name="SBNonline">Jacobs, Daniel G. "[https://archive.today/20130201180104/http://www.sbnonline.com/Local/Article/6096/66/0/Business_revolutionary.aspx Business revolutionary]". ''Smart Business''. July 2004. Retrieved on May 6, 2009.</ref>

As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan-based ODMs,<ref name="Digitimes">Morris, Ricky. "[http://www.digitimes.com/Backgrounders/Industry/overview.asp?datepublish=2008/6/9&pages=M1&seq=400 Motherboard Industry Overview]". ''Digitimes''. Monday June 9, 2008 (last update Wednesday July 9, 2008). Retrieved on May 6, 2009.</ref> AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://ami.com/en/company/corporate-profile/ |title=Corporate Profile: American Megatrends |date=2018 |publisher=American Megatrends Inc. |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998).<ref name=":1" />

[[File:American Megatrends IMG 0410 (cropped) MG9060CQFP.jpg|thumb|AMI integrated circuit at a MegaRAID SCSI controller]] In 1993, AMI produced MegaRAID, a storage controller card. AMI sold its RAID assets to LSI<ref name="Tri" /> in 2001,<ref name="LSI">Compare: [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/American+Megatrends+Inc.+to+Sell+Industry-Leading+RAID+Business+to...-a075082868 American Megatrends Inc. to Sell Industry-Leading RAID Business to LSI Logic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709011601/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/American+Megatrends+Inc.+to+Sell+Industry-Leading+RAID+Business+to...-a075082868 |date=2018-07-09 }}. ''Business Wire''. May 29, 2001. Retrieved on May 5, 2009.</ref> with only one employee from the RAID-division remaining with the AMI core team.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}

AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology.<ref name=":0" /> Its product line includes or has previously included AMIBIOS<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.techopedia.com/definition/16352/amibios |title=AMIBIOS |date=2018 |publisher=Techopedia |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG-Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Tri" />

From 2019 to 2026, HGGC, a private equity firm, held a significant stake in AMI, including leading the rebrand from American Megatrends to AMI<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=AMI {{!}} Portfolio |url=https://www.hggc.com/portfolio/ami |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=HGGC |language=en}}</ref>. They announced their intent to sell in 2024<ref name=":12" /> and in May 2026, American Megatrends entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by Lattice Semiconductor for 1.65 billion in a combination of cash and stock.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/lattice-semiconductor-buy-software-firm-ami-165-billion-deal-2026-05-04/|title=Lattice Semiconductor to buy software firm AMI in 1.65 billion deal|date=2026-05-04|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=2026-05-06}}</ref>

==Founding== thumb|Old American Megatrends logo (1985–2020)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ami.com/en/news/press-releases/american-megatrends-announces-rebranding-to-ami-launch-of-new-brand-identity/#:~:text=The%20New%20AMI%20Tagline%3A%20Power,proportion%20of%20computing%20systems%20worldwide.|title = American Megatrends Announces Rebranding to AMI, Launch of New Brand Identity|date = 15 January 2020}}</ref>

American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (AMI).<ref name="Tri" /> Access Methods was a company run by Pat Sarma and his partner. After Access Methods successfully launched the AMIBIOS, there were legal issues among the owners of the company, resulting in Sarma buying out his partners. Access Methods still owned the rights to the AMIBIOS. Sarma had already started a company called Quintessential Consultants Inc. (QCI), and later set up an equal partnership with Shankar.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jYX3sL08Xs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/5jYX3sL08Xs| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Shankar S, Chairman -- AMI Keynote Speaker Transforming Healthcare with ICT 2012|last=American Megatrends Inc India|date=14 August 2013|website=Youtube|access-date=2 April 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends, with the same initials as Access Methods; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice-president of this company.<ref name=":10" /> This partnership continued until 2001, when LSI Logic purchased the RAID Division of American Megatrends; American Megatrends then purchased all shares of the company owned by Sarma, making Shankar the majority owner.<ref name="Tri" />

==Products==

===AMIDiag=== AMIDiag is a family of PC diagnostic utilities sold to OEMs only.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://ami.com/en/products/bios-uefi-tools-and-utilities/amidiag-for-uefi/|title=AMIDiag for UEFI|last=American Megatrends|date=2018|website=American Megatrends Inc|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> The AMIDiag suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows and UEFI platforms.<ref name=":6" /> It includes both the Windows and DOS PC diagnostics programs. Later versions of AMIDiag support UEFI, which allows diagnostics to be performed directly on the hardware components, without having to use operating system drivers or facilities.<ref name=":6" />

===Aptio=== AMI's UEFI firmware solutions. Aptio V is AMI's current main UEFI firmware product. Aptio Community Edition is an open source UEFI firmware product. Aptio 4 is a now-discontinued previous version that has been succeeded by Aptio V. Aptio is usually used by the PC and server type devices.

===MegaRAC=== {{Main|MegaRAC}} MegaRAC is a product line of BMC firmware packages and formerly service processors providing out-of-band, or lights-out remote management of computer systems. These BMCs running MegaRAC firmware packages or service processors operate independently of the operating system status or location, to manage and troubleshoot computers.

== Former products ==

===AMIBIOS=== [[File:AMI 486DX EISA BIOS 20051109.jpg|thumb|A chip containing AMI ROM BIOS firmware on a Gigabyte GA-486TA Baby AT motherboard from 1992]] {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; clear:right;" width="30%" |+ Table of diagnostic beep codes compiled by AMI BIOS during power-on self test<ref>{{cite book|title=PC Operation and Repair|author=K. F. Ibrahim|year=2002|publisher=Pearson Education|isbn=0-582-45270-8|page=223}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Upgrading and Repairing PCs|url=https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu00fult_543|url-access=limited|author=Jennifer Fulton|pages=[https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu00fult_543/page/n238 214]–215|year=2002|publisher=Alpha Books|isbn=0-02-864239-2}}</ref> ! Number of beeps !! Meaning |- | 1 || Power-on self test successful |- | 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM |- | 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM |- | 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non-functional timer 1 |- | 5 || CPU error |- | 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip |- | 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error |- | 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM |- | 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |- | 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register |- | 11 || A fault in the L2 cache |}

AMIBIOS is the IBM PC-compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986.<ref name=":2" /> In 1994, the company claimed that 75% of PC clones used AMIBIOS.<ref name="schmidt199407">{{cite news|url=http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles%2F1994%2Fjuly94%2Fpcn0713%2Fpcn0713.asp |title=What Is The BIOS? |work=Computing Basics |date=July 1994 |author=Schmidt, Robert | access-date=2011-09-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310002756/http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles%2F1994%2Fjuly94%2Fpcn0713%2Fpcn0713.asp | archive-date=2012-03-10}}</ref> It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies.<ref name=":0" />

left|thumb|A chip containing an old version AMIBIOS image, pulled from an ECS motherboard

American Megatrends had a strict OEM business model for AMIBIOS: it sold source code to motherboard manufacturers or customized AMIBIOS for each OEM individually, whichever business model they require. AMI does not sell to end users, and itself produces no end-user documentation or technical support for its BIOS firmware, leaving that to licensees.<ref name=":2" /> However, the company published two books on its BIOS in 1993 and 1994, written by its engineers.<ref name="AMI93">{{Cite book |last=American Megatrends, Inc |url=https://bitsavers.org/pdf/americanMegatrends/Programmers_Guide_to_the_AMIBIOS_1993.pdf |title=Programmer's Guide to the AMIBIOS |publisher=Windcrest/McGraw-Hill |year=1993 |isbn=0-07-001562-7}}</ref><ref name=Mueller>{{cite book|title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs|url=https://archive.org/details/upgradingrepairi00muel_233|url-access=limited|author=Scott Mueller|pages=[https://archive.org/details/upgradingrepairi00muel_233/page/n388 368]–372|year=2002 |location=Indianapolis, Indiana|publisher=Que Publishing|isbn=0-7897-2745-5}}</ref>

During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower-left-hand corner of the screen.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://pcnineoneone.com/howto/moboid2/|title=Using the BIOS to identify a motherboard |date=2018|website=PC911|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard.<ref name=":3" /> There are 3 ID string formats, the first for older AMIBIOS, and the second and third for the newer AMI Hi-Flex ("high flexibility") BIOS.<ref name="Mueller" /> These latter are displayed when the Insert key is pressed during power-on self-test.<ref name=Mueller />

The original AMI BIOS did not encrypt the machine startup password, which it stored in non-volatile RAM.<ref name=":3" /> Therefore, any utility capable of reading a PC's NVRAM was able to read and to alter the password.<ref name="Mueller" /> The AMI WinBIOS encrypts the stored password, using a simple substitution cipher.<ref name=Croucher>{{cite book|title=The Bios Companion: The Book That Doesn't Come with Your Motherhood!|author=Phil Croucher|chapter=Advanced CMOS setup|year=2001|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=0-9681928-0-7|page=128}}</ref>

By pressing the Delete key during power-on self-test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.<ref name="Mueller" /> Some earlier AMIBIOS versions also included a cut-down version of the AMIDIAG utility that AMI also sold separately, but most later AMI BIOSes do not include this program as the BIOS DMI already incorporates detailed diagnostics.<ref name=Mueller />

AMIBIOS was formerly sold through distributors, not directly available from the manufacturer or from eSupport.<ref name=":5" />

AMI supplies both DOS and Windows firmware upgrade utilities for its own motherboards. eSupport only supplies a Windows upgrade utility.<ref name=Mueller /><ref name=":5">{{cite web|url=http://ami.com./support/bios.cfm |title=AMIBIOS Support |author=American Megatrends |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080115195836/http://www.ami.com/support/bios.cfm |archive-date=2008-01-15 }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite web|title=Unsupported operating system |url=http://scan.esupport.com./scan_step1.php?r=1 |work=eSupport.com |publisher=TouchStone Software |year=2007 }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

===StorTrends/ManageTrends=== The StorTrends family of network-based backup and storage management software and hardware includes several NAS and iSCSI-based SAN servers with 4, 12, or 16 drive bays.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://ami.com/en/products/stortrends-data-storage/|title=StorTrends Data Storage|last=American Megatrends|date=2018|website=American Megatrends Inc|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref>

AMI couples off-the-shelf hardware with the StorTrends iTX storage management firmware platform.<ref name="SBBWG" /> StorTrends offers synchronous, asynchronous and snap-assisted replication, thin provisioning, high-availability grouping and advanced caching.<ref name=":7" />

Reliability and performance is the key for any storage server. StorTrends iTX 2.8 is designed to support Storage Bridge Bay specification that provide Auto-Failover capability to ensure that any interruption is handled without affecting data.<ref name=":7" /> It supports High-availability cluster, redundancy, scalability, replication, disaster recovery and multiple site backups.<ref name="StorTrends">{{cite web|author1=Storage Newsletter|title=StorTrends 3400i Dual Controller SAN From American Megatrends|url=http://www.storagenewsletter.com/rubriques/systems-raid-nas-san/stortrends-3400i-dual-controller-san-ami/|website=www.storagenewsletter.com|access-date=11 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093616/http://www.storagenewsletter.com/rubriques/systems-raid-nas-san/stortrends-3400i-dual-controller-san-ami/|archive-date=4 March 2016|date=11 April 2011}}</ref><ref name="SBBWG">{{cite web|author1=Storage Bridge Bay Working Group|title=Home page|url=http://www.sbbwg.org/home/|access-date=11 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725080053/http://www.sbbwg.org/home/|archive-date=25 July 2015|date=2015}}</ref>

=== {{Anchor|DUOS-M}}DuOS-M === {{Infobox software | name = DuOS | title = Dual OS Environment for Microsoft Windows | logo = Amiduoslogo.png  | logo caption = | logo_size = 200px | logo_alt = | screenshot =  | caption = DuOS Screen | screenshot_size = | screenshot_alt = | collapsible = | author = | developer = American Megatrends | released = July 2014 | discontinued = March 7, 2018 | latest release version = 1.0.4.5135 | latest release date =  | latest preview version = | latest preview date =  | programming language = | operating system = Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1 | platform = | size = | language = | language count =  | language footnote = | genre = | license = Trialware | alexa = | website = | standard = | AsOf = }}

''DuOS-M'' was commercial software developed by American Megatrends for Intel x86-based computers<ref>[http://ultrabooknews.com/2014/03/14/ami-duos-a-closer-look-at-a-new-diy-dual-os-solution/ "AMI DuOS. A closer look at a new DIY Dual-OS solution"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812065131/http://ultrabooknews.com/2014/03/14/ami-duos-a-closer-look-at-a-new-diy-dual-os-solution/ |date=2015-08-12 }} Ultrabooknews.com. Retrieved July 2014.</ref> using the Microsoft Windows operating system to provide a "dual operating system" environment in which the user can simultaneously deploy the Android operating system in tandem with Microsoft Windows.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=http://www.amiduos.com/|title=AMIDuOS|last=American Megatrends|date=2018|website=American Megatrends Inc|access-date=2 April 2018}}{{dead link|date=February 2026}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Because DuOS-M has the capability to run both Windows and Android simultaneously, the user can switch<ref>[http://embedded.communities.intel.com/community/en/software/blog/2012/05/03/roving-reporter-bringing-android-to-intel-atom-embedded-systems-with-duos "Bringing Android to Intel® Atom™ Embedded Systems with DuOS"] Embedded.communities.intel.com/. Retrieved July 2014.</ref> between the two operating systems without having to dual boot or suspend operation of one operating system in order to utilize the other.<ref name=":8" />

DuOS-M supports key hardware peripherals<ref>[http://embedded.communities.intel.com/community/en/software/blog/2012/05/03/roving-reporter-bringing-android-to-intel-atom-embedded-systems-with-duos "Bringing Android to Intel® Atom™ Embedded Systems with DuOS"] Embedded.communities.intel.com. Retrieved July 2014.</ref> in Windows including cameras, audio, microphone and sensors such as ambient light sensor, accelerometer, gyrometer, compass and orientation sensors.<ref name=":8" /> It also supports various screen sizes, resolutions, and screen orientation (portrait and landscape) along with 3D acceleration and HD video playback.<ref name=":8" />

The first version of DuOS-M was released in June 2014.<ref name=":8" /> The software is available for download for a free 30-day trial,<ref name=":8" /> and is available for purchase for a complete license.

On March 7, 2018, American Megatrends officially announced that it ceased development of DuOS-M.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://ami.com/en/tech-blog/farewell-amiduos/|title=FAREWELL AMIDUOS|last=Bigelow|first=T|date=7 March 2018|website=American Megatrends Inc|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> No further updates were being released at this time, including bug fixes and security patches.

==Technical problems== On November 13, 1993, some PCs with AMIBIOS firmware began bootup playing the tune to "Happy Birthday". The PC would remain halted, and the song would continue playing until a key was pressed, after which bootup would resume.<ref name="b1">{{cite web|url= http://www.f-secure.com/v-descs/birthday.shtml|title=F-Secure Computer Virus Information Pages: Happy Birthday|author=Mikko Hyppönen|author-link=Mikko Hyppönen}}</ref> The problem was caused by a virus-free Trojan, which was later resolved with firmware updates.<ref name="b1" />

The AMI WinBIOS was a 1994 update to AMIBIOS, with a GUI setup screen that mimicked the appearance of Windows 3.1 and supported mouse navigation, unusual at the time. WinBIOS was viewed favorably by Anand Lal Shimpi at AnandTech,<ref>{{cite web|title= Supermicro P6DBS/DBE BX Pentium II Board |date=1998-04-20|author=Anand Lal Shimpi|url= http://www.anandtech.com/mb/showdoc.aspx?i=226|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090608082854/http://www.anandtech.com/mb/showdoc.aspx?i=226|url-status= dead|archive-date= June 8, 2009|work=AnandTech}}</ref> but described by Thomas Pabst at Tom's Hardware as a "big disappointment", in part because of problems with distributing IRQ signals to every PCI and ISA expansion slot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tomshardware.com./1998/05/26/review_of_slot_1_motherboards_with_intel_440bx_chipset_/ |title=Review of Slot 1 Motherboards with Intel 440BX Chipset — Spring 1998 |author=Thomas Pabst |date=1998-05-26 |work=Tom's Hardware |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129124531/http://www.tomshardware.com/1998/05/26/review_of_slot_1_motherboards_with_intel_440bx_chipset_/ | archivedate=January 29, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In July 2008 Linux developers discovered issues with ACPI tables on certain AMIBIOS BIOSes supplied by Foxconn, ASUS, and MSI.<ref name=":11" /> The problem was related to the ACPI _OSI method, which is used by ACPI to determine the OS version (in case an ACPI patch only applies to one specific OS). In some cases, the OSI method caused problems on Linux systems, skipping code that was only executed on Windows systems. Foxconn and AMI worked together to develop a solution, which was included in later revisions of AMIBIOS.<ref name=":11" /> The issue affected motherboards with Intel Socket 775. Actual system behavior differed based on BIOS version, system hardware and Linux distribution.<ref name=":11">{{cite web|title=Defective AMI BIOS on multiple Foxconn, MSI, and ASUS Intel LGA 775 motherboards breaks ACPI support|url=https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/251338|publisher=Ubuntu Launchpad bug tracking system|year=2008}}</ref>

In October 2021 an issue was discovered where some Baseboard Management Controllers were shipped with a license/royalty sticker that had the company name misspelled as "American Megatrands".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.servethehome.com/dude-dell-hpe-ami-american-megatrands/|title=Dude this should NOT be in a Dell Switch… or HPE Supercomputer|author=Patrick Kennedy|date=2021-12-14}}</ref>

==Worldwide offices== * United States ** Headquarters: Duluth, Georgia ** Field offices: San Jose, California; Austin, Texas * Beijing, People's Republic of China * Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China * Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China * Taipei, Taiwan * Munich, Germany * Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India * Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan * Seoul, South Korea * Formerly had an office in DuPont, Washington, United States<ref>"[http://www.ami.com/news/pressshow.cfm?PrID=172 American Megatrends Announces the Opening of a New Branch Office in DuPont, Washington] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080311034113/http://www.ami.com/news/pressshow.cfm?PrID=172 |date=2008-03-11 }}." ''American Megatrends''. Friday April 29, 2005. Retrieved on May 6, 2009.</ref><ref>"[http://www.ami.com/about/international.cfm International Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410005920/http://www.ami.com/about/international.cfm |date=2009-04-10 }}." ''American Megatrends''. Retrieved on May 6, 2009.</ref>

==See also== {{Commons category}} * BIOS features comparison * Insyde Software * Phoenix Technologies ** Award Software, which was bought by Phoenix Technologies * List of companies of Taiwan {{Portal bar|Companies|Electronics}}

==References== {{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading== * {{Cite book|title=Programmer's Guide to the AMIBIOS|author=American Megatrends, Inc.|year=1993|publisher=Windcrest/McGraw-Hill|isbn=0-07-001562-7 |type=paperback}} * {{Cite book|title=Programmer's Guide to the AMIBIOS|author=American Megatrends, Inc.|year=1993|publisher=Windcrest/McGraw-Hill|isbn=0-07-001561-9 |type=hardcover}}

==External links== * {{Official website|}}

Category:Companies based in Gwinnett County, Georgia Category:Software companies based in Georgia (U.S. state) Category:BIOS Category:Software companies established in 1985 Category:Software companies of the United States Category:1985 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Computer hardware companies Category:Computer companies of the United States