L-aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (AASDHPPT) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AASDHPPT gene.[1][2][3] It has been suggested that defects in the human gene result in pipecolic acidemia.[3]

The AASDHPPT protein catalyzes the post-translational modification phosphopantetheinylation, in which a 4'-phosphopantetheine (4'-PP) group derived from coenzyme A is covalently attached to target proteins in both cytosol and mitochondria.[4] In the cytosol, these include fatty acid synthase (FASN), aminoadipate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (AASDH), and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), whereas in mitochondria the targets are the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (mtACP), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L2 (ALDH1L2), and dehydrogenase/reductase 2 (DHRS2).[4] With the exception of DHRS2, the targets of AASDHPPT contain a acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain, a cofactor domain widespread across bacteria and eukaryotes with roles in the synthesis of fatty acids, polyketides, and nonribosomal peptides.[5]

The protein encoded by this gene is similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae LYS5, which is required for the activation of the alpha-aminoadipate dehydrogenase in the biosynthetic pathway of lysine. Yeast alpha-aminoadipate dehydrogenase converts alpha-biosynthetic-aminoadipate semialdehyde to alpha-aminoadipate.

References

  1. ^ Joshi AK, Zhang L, Rangan VS, Smith S (Aug 2003). "Cloning, expression, and characterization of a human 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase with broad substrate specificity". J Biol Chem. 278 (35): 33142–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M305459200. PMID 12815048
  2. ^ Praphanphoj V, Sacksteder KA, Gould SJ, Thomas GH, Geraghty MT (Apr 2001). "Identification of the alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase-phosphopantetheinyl transferase gene, the human ortholog of the yeast LYS5 gene". Mol Genet Metab. 72 (4): 336–42. doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3138. PMID 11286508
  3. ^ "Entrez Gene: AASDHPPT aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase-phosphopantetheinyl transferase"
  4. ^ Norden, Pieter R.; Wedan, Riley J.; Preston, Samuel E. J.; Canfield, Morgan; Graber, Naomi; Longenecker, Jacob Z.; Pentecost, Olivia A.; McLaughlin, Elizabeth; Hart, Madeleine L. (2024-05-10). "Mitochondrial Phosphopantetheinylation is Required for Oxidative Function". bioRxiv 10.1101/2024.05.09.592977
  5. ^ https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/InterPro/IPR036736/protein/reviewed/taxonomy/uniprot/9606/#table

Further reading