{{short description|Canadian narrow-body airliner family}} {{Redirect-multi|2|A220|CSeries|topics referred to by the same term|A220 (disambiguation)|and|C series (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} {{Use Canadian English|date=January 2019}} <!-- This article is a part of Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft. Please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout, and guidelines. --> {{Infobox aircraft | name = Airbus A220 | logo = Logo Airbus A220.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert | image = Airbus A220-300.jpg | image_caption = An A220-300, the larger and more common variant, shown in Airbus livery | other_names = Bombardier CSeries | aircraft_role = Narrow-body airliner | national_origin = Canada{{efn|Final assembly in Canada and the United States.}}<!-- Use the main nation (e.g. UK), not constituent country (England); don't use "EU". List collaborative programs of only 2 or 3 nations; for more than 3, use "Multi-national" per Template:Infobox aircraft type and WP:Air/PC guidelines. --> | manufacturers = {{ubl|Bombardier (2012{{ndash}}2018)|Airbus (2018{{ndash}}present)}} | status = In service | primary_user = Delta Air Lines | more_users = {{ubl|JetBlue||Air France|airBaltic}}<!-- Limited to THREE (3) 'more users' here (4 total users). --> | number_built = 506 {{as of|2026|4|lc=yes}}<ref name=Airbus_O&D/> | construction_date = 2012{{ndash}}present | introduction = {{start date and age|2016|07|15|df=y|p=y}} with Swiss Global Air Lines<ref name="Bomba15July2016"/> | first_flight = {{start date and age|2013|09|16|df=y|p=y}}<ref name="Bomba30Aug2013"/> }}
The '''Airbus A220''' is a family of five-abreast narrow-body airliners by Airbus Canada Limited Partnership (ACLP). It was initially developed by Bombardier Aviation with the program launched on 13 July 2008 and had two years of production as the '''Bombardier CSeries'''. <!--1.a Development: Program launch - Certification - Entry into service--> The smaller A220-100 (formerly CS100) first flew on 16 September 2013, received an initial type certificate from Transport Canada on 18 December 2015, and entered service on 15 July 2016 with Swiss Global Air Lines. The longer A220-300 (formerly CS300) first flew on 27 February 2015, received an initial type certificate on 11 July 2016, and entered service with airBaltic on 14 December 2016. Both launch operators recorded better-than-expected fuel burn and dispatch reliability, as well as positive feedback from passengers and crew.
<!--1.b Development: Production - A220 rebranding (Airbus programme acquisition + Bombardier exit participation)--> The rebranding to A220 took place in July 2018, after Airbus acquired a majority stake in the programme through a joint venture, which was subsequently renamed ACLP in June 2019. The A220 thus became the only Airbus commercial aircraft programme managed outside of Europe. In August, a second A220 final assembly line opened at the Airbus Mobile facility in Alabama, supplementing the main facility in Mirabel, Quebec. In February 2020, Airbus increased its stake in ACLP to 75% through Bombardier's exit, while Investissement Québec held the remaining stake.
<!--2. Design - Variants--> Powered by Pratt & Whitney PW1500G geared turbofan engines under its wings, the twinjet features fly-by-wire flight controls, a carbon composite wing, an aluminium-lithium fuselage, and optimised aerodynamics for better fuel efficiency. The aircraft family offers maximum take-off weights from {{cvt|63.1 to 70.9|t|lb}}, and cover a {{cvt|3450|-|3600|nmi}} range. The 35 m (115 ft) long A220-100 seats 108 to 133, while the 38.7 m (127 ft) long A220-300 seats 130 to 160. The ACJ TwoTwenty is the business jet version of the A220-100, launched in late 2020.
<!--3. Operators - Operational history - Orders & Deliveries--> Delta Air Lines is the largest A220 customer and operator with 86 aircraft in its fleet {{As of|2026|4|lc=y}}. A total of 960 A220 family aircraft have been ordered of which 506 units have been delivered and 502 units are in service with 25 operators. The global A220 fleet has completed more than 2.08{{nbsp}}million flights over 3.65{{nbsp}}million block hours, transporting more than 100{{nbsp}}million passengers, with one smoke-related accident. The A220 family complements the A319neo in the Airbus range and competes with Boeing 737 MAX 7, as well as the smaller four-abreast Embraer E195-E2 and E190-E2, with the A220 holding over 55% market share in this small airliner category.
==Development== ===BRJ-X forerunner concept=== thumb|left|''BRJ-X'', a four-abreast forerunner concept in early 1996
Bombardier began discussions with Fokker on 5 February 1996 about acquiring that company's assets, including the 100-seat Fokker 100 short-haul aircraft.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fokker 100 Leaflet |url=http://www.flyfokker.com/downloads/FlyFokker/Leaflet%20Fokker%20100.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091127210225/http://www.flyfokker.com/downloads/FlyFokker/Leaflet%20Fokker%20100.pdf |archive-date=2009-11-27 |publisher=Fokker Services}}</ref> However, after evaluating the potential purchase, Bombardier announced an end to the talks on 27 February,<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Bombardier+Ends+Talks+With+Fokker.-a018029019 |title= Bombardier Ends Talks With Fokker |publisher= Bombardier |date= 27 February 1996 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 3 April 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190403203552/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Bombardier+Ends+Talks+With+Fokker.-a018029019 |url-status= live }}</ref> and two weeks later, on 15 March, Fokker was declared bankrupt.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/fokker-bankrupt/10085.article |title= Fokker bankrupt |author-first1= Kevin |author-last1=O'Toole |work= Flightglobal |date= 20 March 1996 |access-date= 18 February 2022 }}</ref> Bombardier then launched the ''BRJ-X'', or "Bombardier Regional Jet eXpansion" on 8 September, a larger regional jet than the ''CRJ Series'' or "Canadair Regional Jet" due to enter service in 2003. Instead of 2–2 seating, the BRJ-X was to have a wider fuselage with 2–3 seating for 85 to 110 passengers, and underwing engine pods.<ref name="MontrealGazetteTimeline" /> It was comparable to the smallest narrow-body jetliners, like the 2–3 DC-9/MD-80/Boeing 717 or the 3–3 Airbus A318 and Boeing 737-500/737-600. At the end of 2000, the project was shelved by Bombardier in favour of stretching the CRJ700 into the CRJ900.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lewis|first1=Paul|title=Bombardier puts BRJ-X on hold|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-puts-brj-x-on-hold-120369/|access-date=29 June 2016|publisher=Flightglobal|date=19 September 2000|location=Washington DC|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817011329/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-puts-brj-x-on-hold-120369/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Meanwhile, Embraer launched its four-abreast E-Jet family for 70 to 122 passengers in June 1999, which entered service in 2004. Airbus launched its 107–117 passengers A318 on 21 April 1999,<ref name=MontrealGazetteTimeline>{{cite web |url= https://montrealgazette.com/business/interactives/cseries/timeline.html |title= The CSeries: a timeline |publisher= Montreal Gazette |access-date= 27 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181017002048/http://www.montrealgazette.com/business/interactives/cseries/timeline.html |archive-date= 17 October 2018 }}</ref> which entered service in July 2003,<ref name="Gunston">{{Cite book|last=Gunston|first=Bill|author-link=Bill Gunston|title=Airbus: The Complete Story|year=2009|location=Sparkford, Yeovil, Somerset, UK |publisher=Haynes Publishing|isbn=978-1-84425-585-6|pages=213–216, 222–223}}</ref> as Boeing had the 737-600 first delivered in September 1998.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/putting-the-family-to-work-51106/ |title= Putting the family to work |date= 12 May 1999 |magazine= Flight International |author-first1= Andrew |author-last1=Doyle|author-first2= Max |author-last2=Kingsley-Jones|author-first3= Paul |author-last3=Lewis|author-first4= Guy |author-last4=Norris |access-date= June 11, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180612145307/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/putting-the-family-to-work-51106/ |archive-date= June 12, 2018 |url-status= live}}</ref>
===CSeries feasibility study=== Bombardier appointed Gary Scott on 8 March 2004 to evaluate the creation of a New Commercial Aircraft Program.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1348-bombardier-aerospace-appoints-head-of-new-commercial-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Aerospace appoints head of new commercial aircraft program |date= 26 February 2004 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920140353/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1348-bombardier-aerospace-appoints-head-of-new-commercial-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> A feasibility study for a five-seat abreast ''CSeries'' was then launched at the biennial Farnborough Airshow in July to investigate development of an aircraft to replace rival manufacturers' ''aging'' models: DC-9/MD-80, Fokker 100, Boeing 737 Classic and BAe-146 with 20% lower operating costs, and 15% lower operating costs than ''then-in-production'' models: Embraer E-Jet, Boeing 717, etc.<ref name=Farnborough2004>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1304-bombardier-announces-new-commercial-aircraft-family-name-at-farnborough-airshow-2004.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier announces new commercial aircraft family name at Farnborough Airshow 2004 |date= 19 July 2004 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920134840/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1304-bombardier-announces-new-commercial-aircraft-family-name-at-farnborough-airshow-2004.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The smaller variant (''C110'') should carry 110 to 115 passengers and the larger (''C130'') between 130 and 135 passengers over 3,200 nautical miles.<ref name=Farnborough2004/><ref name=BombardierMar2005>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.158-bombardier-aerospace-granted-authority-to-offer-cseries-aircraft-to-customers.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Aerospace Granted Authority to Offer CSeries Aircraft to Customers |date= 15 March 2005 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920135922/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.158-bombardier-aerospace-granted-authority-to-offer-cseries-aircraft-to-customers.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The C110 was planned to weigh {{cvt|133,200|lb|kg|sigfig=4|order=flip}} at MTOW and have a length of {{cvt|114.7|ft|m|1|order=flip}}, while the C130 should be {{cvt|125.3|ft|m|1|order=flip}} long and have a {{cvt|146,000|lb|kg|order=flip}} MTOW. The aircraft would have 3-by-2 standard seating and 4-abreast business class, {{cvt|7|ft|m|order=flip}} stand-up headroom, fly-by-wire and side stick controls. 20 percent of the airframe weight would be in composite materials for the centre and rear fuselages, tail cone, empennage and wings. The first flight was planned for 2008 and entry into service for 2010.<ref name=BombardierMar2005/>
Bombardier's Board of Directors authorized marketing the CSeries on 15 March 2005, seeking firm commitments prior to program launch.<ref name=BombardierMar2005/> In May, the CSeries development was evaluated at US$2.1 billion, shared with suppliers and partner governments for one-third each. The Government of Canada would invest US$262.5{{nbsp}}million, the Government of Quebec US$87.5{{nbsp}}million and the Government of the United Kingdom US$340{{nbsp}}million (£180{{nbsp}}million), repayable on a royalty basis per aircraft.<ref name=BombardierMay2005>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.196-bombardier-announces-location-of-final-assembly-site-and-work-packages-for-the-cseries.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Announces Location of Final Assembly Site and Work Packages for the CSeries |date= 13 May 2005 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920140109/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.196-bombardier-announces-location-of-final-assembly-site-and-work-packages-for-the-cseries.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The UK contribution is part of an investment partnership for the location of the development of the composite wings and other parts at the Belfast plant,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.188-bombardier-and-u-k-government-sign-letter-of-intent-on-cseries.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier and U.K. Government Sign Letter of Intent on CSeries |date= 13 May 2005 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920135426/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.188-bombardier-and-u-k-government-sign-letter-of-intent-on-cseries.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> where Bombardier bought Short Brothers in 1989.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 June 1989 |title=Bombardier of Canada Wins Competition to Buy Short Brothers |pages=63 |work=Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
=== Search for engines and one-year development break === [[File:Bombardier CS100 (26889780191).jpg|thumb|Despite initial difficulties in finding the right engine for the CSeries, the choice finally fell on the new GTF engine from Pratt & Whitney in late 2007.]]
Despite government support, Bombardier had difficulty finding the right powerplant for the CSeries in June 2005 after failing to get the two engine consortia International Aero Engines and CFM International to compete for the CSeries contract.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 June 2005 |title=Bombardier Still Looking for Right Engine for C-Series Airliner Family |work=Aviation Week |url=https://aviationweek.com/bombardier-still-looking-right-engine-c-series-airliner-family |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref><ref name="FlightGlobalMay2005">{{Cite news |date=17 May 2005 |title=CSeries wins aid as engine makers quit |work=Flight Global |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/cseries-wins-aid-as-engine-makers-quit/60289.article |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref> The former engine manufacturer had offered a new centreline engine in the {{cvt|93|to|102|kN|lb(f)}} thrust class, while the latter was not yet ready to offer its next-generation CFM56 engine,<ref name="FlightGlobalMay2005"/> as Bombardier required a significant upgrade in the event of an engine derivative for the CSeries program.<ref name="FlightGlobal24May2005"/> Both prospective engine suppliers for the CSeries program were uncertain about the aircraft market projections after Bombardier failed to address these concerns, but they left the door open to future discussions of a potential program.<ref name="FlightGlobalMay2005"/> Bombardier then returned to Pratt & Whitney (P&W) in search of the right engine for the CSeries, although the company had already rejected a PW6000 derivative offered by P&W a year earlier, maintaining its original plan to launch the all-new aircraft program only with a new centreline engine as well.<ref name="FlightGlobal24May2005">{{Cite news |date=24 May 2005 |title=Bombardier returns to P&W in search for CSeries engine § |work=Flight Global |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/bombardier-returns-to-pandw-in-search-for-cseries-engine-/60428.article |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref>
Bombardier announced on 31 January 2006 that market conditions could not justify the launch of the program, and that the company would reorient CSeries project efforts, team and resources to regional jet and turboprop aircraft. A small team of employees were kept to develop the CSeries business plan and were further tasked to include other risk-sharing partners in the program.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.282-bombardier-announces-cseries-decision.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Announces CSeries Decision |publisher= Bombardier |date= 31 January 2006 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920133817/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.282-bombardier-announces-cseries-decision.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
Bombardier announced on 31 January 2007 that work on the aircraft would continue, with entry into service planned for 2013.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.404-bombardier-updates-market-on-status-of-its-cseries-commercial-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Updates Market on Status of its CSeries Commercial Aircraft Program |date= 31 January 2007 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920142725/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.404-bombardier-updates-market-on-status-of-its-cseries-commercial-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> In November 2007, Bombardier finally selected the P&W Geared Turbofan (GTF), now the PW1500G, already selected to power the Mitsubishi Regional Jet, to be the exclusive powerplant for the CSeries, rated at {{cvt|23,000|lb(f)|kN|order=flip}}.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Warwick|first1=Graham|title=Bombardier chooses geared turbofan to power CSeries|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-chooses-geared-turbofan-to-power-cseries-219523/|access-date=29 June 2016|publisher=Flightglobal|date=13 November 2007|location=Washington DC|archive-date=22 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922140433/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-chooses-geared-turbofan-to-power-cseries-219523/|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Program launch and type redesignation === [[File:Bombardier CS100 and CS300 3-view comparison.jpg|thumb|''CSeries'' program was launched at the 2008 Farnborough Airshow with the ''C110'' and ''C130'' variants, which were redesignated ''CS100'' and ''CS300'' in 2009.]]
Bombardier's Board of Directors authorized offering formal sales proposals of the CSeries to airline customers on 22 February 2008, due to its 20% lower fuel burn and up to 15% better operating costs compared to similarly sized aircraft produced at the time. This interested Lufthansa, Qatar Airways and ILFC.<ref name="Bomba 20080222">{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1102-bombardier-grants-authority-to-offer-cseries-the-new-generation-five-abreast-commercial-aircraft.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Grants Authority to Offer CSeries |publisher= Bombardier |date= 22 February 2008 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920141619/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1102-bombardier-grants-authority-to-offer-cseries-the-new-generation-five-abreast-commercial-aircraft.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> In a press conference on the eve of the opening of the Farnborough Airshow on 13 July, Bombardier Aerospace formally launched the CSeries, with a letter of interest from Lufthansa for 60 aircraft, including 30 options, at a US$46.7{{nbsp}}million list price. The aircraft fuel efficiency would be {{convert|2|L/100km|mpgUS}} per passenger in a dense seating. Bombardier estimated the market for the 100- to 150-seat segment at 6,300 aircraft over twenty years, representing more than $250 billion in revenue, with the company expected to generate up to half of that.<ref name="AviToday20080717">{{cite news |url= http://www.aviationtoday.com/ran/categories/commercial/Bombardier-Launches-CSeries_24253.html |title= Bombardier Launches CSeries |work= Aviation Today |date= 17 July 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150118060927/http://www.aviationtoday.com/ran/categories/commercial/Bombardier-Launches-CSeries_24253.html |archive-date= 18 January 2015}}</ref>
Bombardier redesignated the C110 and C130 as ''CS100'' and ''CS300'', respectively in March 2009. The models were offered in standard- and extended-range (ER) variants; and additionally, an extra thrust (XT) variant of the CS300 was also offered.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kirby|first1=Mary|title=Bombardier makes tweaks to CSeries specs|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-makes-tweaks-to-cseries-specs-323716/|publisher=Flightglobal|date=11 March 2009|location=Philadelphia|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110211329/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-makes-tweaks-to-cseries-specs-323716/|url-status=live}}</ref> Bombardier subsequently settled on a single variant, with the ER becoming the new standard.<ref name="cseries_file" />
=== Prototype manufacturing === [[File:CS100-FTV1.jpg|thumb|CSeries' first ''Flight Test Vehicle'' (FTV1), a CS100, out of the final assembly in Mirabel in June 2013.|left]]
At the program launch in July 2008, Bombardier announced that final assembly of the CSeries would be done in Mirabel, wings would be developed and manufactured in Belfast and the aft fuselage and cockpit would be manufactured in Saint-Laurent, Quebec.<ref>{{cite press release |title= Bombardier Launches CSeries Aircraft Program |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1038-bombardier-launches-cseries-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |date= 13 July 2008 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920141957/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.1038-bombardier-launches-cseries-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The centre fuselage was to be built by China Aviation Industry Corporation (AVIC)'s affiliate Shenyang Aircraft Corporation.<ref name="AviToday20080717" /><ref name="WSJ20080714">{{cite news |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121599289158049453 |title= Bombardier Plans New Jetliner |newspaper= The Wall Street Journal |location= New York |date= 14 July 2008 |page= B3 |access-date= 5 March 2017 |archive-date= 28 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005343/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121599289158049453 |url-status= live }}</ref> In March 2009, Bombardier confirmed major suppliers: Alenia Aeronautica for the composite horizontal and vertical stabilisers, Fokker Elmo for the wiring and interconnection systems and Goodrich Corporation Actuation Systems: design and production of the flap and slat actuation systems.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.948-bombardier-announces-three-key-european-suppliers-for-cseries-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Announces Three Key European Suppliers for CSeries Aircraft Program |publisher= Bombardier |date= 24 March 2009 |access-date= 27 April 2017 |archive-date= 27 April 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170427193632/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.948-bombardier-announces-three-key-european-suppliers-for-cseries-aircraft-program.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
By June 2009, 96% of billable materials had been allocated, with the company settling on various companies for remaining components and systems: Rockwell Collins for the avionics, Zodiac Aerospace for the interiors, Parker Hannifin for the fully integrated fuel and hydraulics systems, Liebherr-Aerospace for the air management system, and it was also anticipated that wireless In-Flight Entertainment (IFE) might be feasible when the CSeries entered service.<ref name="flight1June2009">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/majority-of-cseries-supplier-contracts-already-award-327221/ |title= Majority of CSeries supplier contracts already awarded |author-first1= Mary |author-last1=Kirby |publisher= Flightglobal |date= 1 June 2009 |location= Philadelphia |access-date= 1 September 2016 |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200312/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/majority-of-cseries-supplier-contracts-already-award-327221/ |url-status= live }}</ref> By November, the first wing had been assembled at the Bombardier Aerostructures and Engineering Services (BAES) site in Belfast, Northern Ireland.<ref name="BloombergNov2009">{{cite news|first=Frederic |last=Tomesco |title=Bombardier's Beaudoin Sees Further Aerospace Cutbacks (Update2) |publisher=Bloomberg |date=9 November 2009 |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=al_j9tvXi3ck |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020122203/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=al_j9tvXi3ck |archive-date=20 October 2015}}</ref> In the same month, construction of a composite wing manufacturing facility at the Belfast site started<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/business/news/british-airways-owner-lined-up-to-buy-c-series-jets-from-bombardier-35447950.html |title=British Airways owner 'lined up to buy' C Series jets from Bombardier |last=McCullough |first=Chris |date=14 February 2017 |work=Belfast Telegraph |access-date=1 March 2017 |archive-date=2 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302114326/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/business/news/british-airways-owner-lined-up-to-buy-c-series-jets-from-bombardier-35447950.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and the first flight of the CSeries was expected by 2012.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ranson|first1=Lori|title=Bombardier officially begins construction of Belfast CSeries site|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-officially-begins-construction-of-belfast-335117/|publisher=Flightglobal|date=17 November 2009|location=Washington DC|access-date=29 June 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817031741/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-officially-begins-construction-of-belfast-335117/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2010, Ghafari Associates was retained to develop the Montreal manufacturing site to accommodate the aircraft production.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines-components/news/bombardier-awards-contract-ghafari-redevelop-cseries-aircraft-manuf |title= Bombardier awards contract to Ghafari to redevelop CSeries Aircraft Manufacturing Complex |website= Air Transport World |department= ATW Plus |date= 16 August 2010 |access-date= 16 August 2010 |archive-date= 21 July 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100614/http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines-components/news/bombardier-awards-contract-ghafari-redevelop-cseries-aircraft-manuf |url-status= live }}{{subscription required}}</ref>
=== Test preparation and high-density concept === [[File:CSeries AirAsia.jpg|thumb|AirAsia was a potential customer for the high-density CS300 proposed at the 2012 Farnborough Airshow.]]
Bombardier was about to reach the design freeze for the CSeries in January 2010 and announced that CS100 deliveries were planned to start in 2013, and CS300 deliveries would follow a year later.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kingsley-Jones|first1=Max|title=CSeries poised for design freeze as joint definition phase concludes|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cseries-poised-for-design-freeze-as-joint-definition-phase-337430/|publisher=Flightglobal|date=27 January 2010|location=London|access-date=29 June 2016|archive-date=18 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118190806/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cseries-poised-for-design-freeze-as-joint-definition-phase-337430/|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2011, Bombardier expected a second-half 2012 first flight as it wasn't to receive the first fuselage package until mid-2012 at the earliest and Pratt & Whitney still had "a little bit more work to do" to meet the requirement.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2011-11-12/cseries-track-first-flight-second-half-2012 |title= CSeries 'On Track' for First Flight in Second-Half of 2012 |work= Aviation International News |date= November 12, 2011 |archive-date= 5 August 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160805223112/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2011-11-12/cseries-track-first-flight-second-half-2012 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="CSeries_delay">{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.40435-bombardier-announces-financial-results-for-the-third-quarter-ended-september-30-2012.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Announces Financial Results for the Third Quarter Ended September 30, 2012 |date= 7 November 2012 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920142646/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.40435-bombardier-announces-financial-results-for-the-third-quarter-ended-september-30-2012.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> In June 2012, Bombardier reaffirmed the first flight should happen before the year's end with subsequent entry into service remaining 2013.<ref name="vancouversun">{{cite news |url= http://www.canada.com/story.html?id=c2f4b560-a3bb-4a85-9c51-30a397c31b63 |title= Bombardier's Beaudoin still upbeat on CSeries |work= The Vancouver Sun |date= 13 June 2012}} {{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> In July 2012, Bombardier began discussions with AirAsia at the Farnborough Airshow about a 160-seat ''high-density'' CS300 concept,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Govindasmy |first1=Siva |date=12 July 2012 |title=AirAsia boss confirms talks for 100 CSeries CS300 |publisher=Flightglobal |location=Farnborough |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-airasia-boss-confirms-talks-for-100-cseries-cs300-374312/ |url-status=live |access-date=13 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106051105/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-airasia-boss-confirms-talks-for-100-cseries-cs300-374312/ |archive-date=6 November 2012}}</ref> which was subsequently added to the CSeries program in November, despite the low cost airline's refusal to order 100 units of this version.<ref name="FlightglobalNov2012">{{cite news |last1=Trimble |first1=Stephen |date=29 November 2012 |title=Bombardier moves CS300 into detailed design with high-density variant included |publisher=Flightglobal |location=Washington DC |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-moves-cs300-into-detailed-design-with-high-density-variant-included-379612/ |url-status=live |access-date=16 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211112339/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-moves-cs300-into-detailed-design-with-high-density-variant-included-379612/ |archive-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> In the same month, Bombardier announced a six-month delay in both the first flight to June 2013 and the entry into service (EIS) of the CS100 a year later due to unspecified supplier issues in some areas of the program.<ref name="FlightglobalNov2012"/>
An extensive program update was presented on 7 March 2013, with the ''Flight Test Vehicle 1'' (FTV1) was displayed in a near-complete state, along with three other FTVs in various states of assembly: one such FTV confirmed the 160 seat ''high-density concept'' for the CS300, featuring two sets of over-wing emergency exits.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.42545-cseries-aircraft-program-making-excellent-progress-towards-first-flight.bombardiercom.html |title= CSeries Aircraft Program Making Excellent Progress Towards First Flight |publisher= Bombardier |date= 7 March 2013 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920142745/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.42545-cseries-aircraft-program-making-excellent-progress-towards-first-flight.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The first FTV's electrical system was powered up in March, while tests on the static airframe proceeded satisfactorily and on schedule.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.43139-bombardier-powers-on-the-first-cseries-flight-test-vehicle-and-completes-wing-static-testing-required-for-first-flight.bombardiercom.html |title=Bombardier Powers On the First CSeries Flight Test Vehicle and Completes Wing Static Testing Required for First Flight |publisher=Bombardier |date=25 March 2013 |access-date=29 June 2016 |archive-date=20 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920141716/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.43139-bombardier-powers-on-the-first-cseries-flight-test-vehicle-and-completes-wing-static-testing-required-for-first-flight.bombardiercom.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In June, Bombardier again delayed the first flight into July on account of software upgrades and final ground testing.<ref name="delay">{{cite press release |url=http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-completescseriesaircraftgroundvibrationtestsandfinals.bombardiercom.html |title=Bombardier Completes CSeries Aircraft Ground Vibration Tests and Final Software Upgrades In Preparation for First Flight |publisher=Bombardier |date=26 June 2013 |access-date=29 June 2016 |archive-date=20 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920142850/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-completescseriesaircraftgroundvibrationtestsandfinals.bombardiercom.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 24 July, after a protracted system integration process, the first flight was delayed into "the coming weeks".<ref name="delay1">{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-cseriesaircraftfirstflighttotakeplaceinthecomingweeks.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier CSeries Aircraft First Flight to Take Place in the Coming Weeks |publisher= Bombardier |date= 24 July 2013 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 20 September 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160920141555/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-cseriesaircraftfirstflighttotakeplaceinthecomingweeks.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> On 30 August, Bombardier received the flight test permit from Transport Canada, granting permission to perform high speed taxi testing and flight testing.<ref name="Bomba30Aug2013">{{cite press release|title=Bombardier CSeries Aircraft Awarded Transport Canada Flight Test Permit|url=http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.20130830-bombardieraerospacebombardiercseriesaircraftawardedtran.bombardiercom.html|location=Montreal|publisher=Bombardier Aerospace|date=30 August 2013|access-date=29 June 2016|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214145745/https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.20130830-bombardieraerospacebombardiercseriesaircraftawardedtran.bombardiercom.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Flight testing & program delays === [[File:CS100-FTV1-TO.jpg|alt=The CS100 first flew on 16 September 2013|thumb|The CS100 took off for its maiden flight from Mirabel Airport in Quebec on 16 September 2013.]]
The CS100 (FTV1) took off for its maiden flight from Bombardier's facility at Montréal–Mirabel International Airport in Quebec on 16 September 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title= Bombardier CSeries jet completes maiden flight |url= http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/bombardier-cseries-jet-completes-maiden-flight-1.1855731 |date= 16 September 2013 |publisher= CBC/Radio-Canada |access-date= 17 September 2013 |archive-date= 17 September 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130917022427/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/bombardier-cseries-jet-completes-maiden-flight-1.1855731 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title= Bombardier's CSeries Aircraft Completes Historic First Flight |url= http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardiers-cseries-aircraft-completes-historic-first-flight/ |date= 16 September 2013 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 29 May 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160529013634/http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardiers-cseries-aircraft-completes-historic-first-flight/ |url-status= live }}</ref> After reconfiguration and software upgrades, FTV1 flew for the second time on 1 October.<ref>{{cite press release |title=FTV1 Flies Again! |url=http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/ftv1-flies-again/ |date=1 October 2013 |publisher=Bombardier |access-date=29 June 2016 |archive-date=27 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114846/https://mhirj.com/en/media?x=https |url-status=live }}</ref> The FTV2 completed its first flight on 3 January 2014, while the planned entry-into-service date was delayed into the second half of 2015 due to certification testing issues.<ref name=CS_delay_2>{{cite web |url= http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardier-aerospace-confirms-change-to-its-cseries-aircrafts-entry-into-service/ |title= Bombardier Aerospace Confirms Change to its CSeries Aircraft's Entry-into-Service |date= 16 January 2014 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 18 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160318224247/http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardier-aerospace-confirms-change-to-its-cseries-aircrafts-entry-into-service/ |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Howard |first=Courtney |date=17 January 2014 |title=Bombardier Aerospace delays CSeries entry-into-service until second half of 2015 |url=https://www.militaryaerospace.com/commercial-aerospace/article/14227479/bombardier-aerospace-delays-cseries-entry-into-service-until-second-half-of-2015 |access-date=17 August 2024 |work=Military Aerospace}}</ref> On 29 May 2014, the FTV1 suffered an uncontained engine failure and flight testing of the four FTVs was subsequently suspended until an investigation could be completed.<ref name="CSB">{{cite web |last=Campion-Smith |first=Bruce |title=Bombardier CSeries test jet suffers engine failure |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2014/05/30/cseries_test_fleet_grounded_after_engine_incident_during_ground_testing.html |work=Toronto Star |date=30 May 2014 |access-date=24 August 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005551/https://www.thestar.com/business/2014/05/30/cseries_test_fleet_grounded_after_engine_incident_during_ground_testing.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="WingsMag">{{Cite news |date=22 September 2014 |title=Bombardier moves CSeries test flight to Kansas |url=https://www.wingsmagazine.com/10579-2/ |access-date=18 August 2024 |work=Wings Magazine}}</ref> The incident kept Bombardier from displaying the CSeries at one of the most important aerospace events in that year, Farnborough Airshow.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wall |first=Robert |title=Bombardier Sees CSeries Test Flights Resuming in Weeks |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/bombardier-sees-cseries-test-flights-resuming-in-weeks-1405241817 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=13 July 2014 |access-date=13 March 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005419/https://www.wsj.com/articles/bombardier-sees-cseries-test-flights-resuming-in-weeks-1405241817 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 7 September, flight testing was resumed after the engine problem had been isolated to a fault in the lubrication system.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Trimble|first1=Stephen|title=CSeries flight ends 100-day grounding|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cseries-flight-ends-100-day-grounding-403420/|access-date=8 September 2014|publisher=Flightglobal|date=8 September 2014|location=Washington DC|archive-date=11 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911041923/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cseries-flight-ends-100-day-grounding-403420/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 18 September, Bombardier relocated the FTV4 to Wichita, Kansas (USA) joined FTV3 at the ''Bombardier Flight Test Center'' to take advantage of better weather for flight testing.<ref name="WingsMag"/>
thumb|left|alt=The CS300 first flew on 27 February 2015|The CS300 was on finals after its first flight on 27 February 2015. The CS300 (FTV7) made its maiden flight from Mirabel airport on 27 February 2015,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Trimble|first1=Stephen|title=CS300 completes first flight|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/video-cs300-completes-first-flight-409572/|access-date=27 February 2015|publisher=Flightglobal|date=27 February 2015|location=London|archive-date=2 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302024445/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/video-cs300-completes-first-flight-409572/|url-status=live}}</ref> seven days after the four tested FTVs had accumulated over 1,000 flight hours.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Warwick |first=Graham |date=27 February 2015 |title=Bombardier Completes First Flight Of 135-160-Seat CS300 |url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/bombardier-completes-first-flight-135-160-seat-cs300 |access-date=18 August 2024 |work=Aviation Week}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title= CSeries aircraft program progressing well with more than 1,000 flight test hours achieved |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.transport-canadaissuesflightpermitforfirstcs300flighttestvehicle.bombardiercom.html |publisher= Bombardier |date= 20 February 2015 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 27 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170927202144/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.transport-canadaissuesflightpermitforfirstcs300flighttestvehicle.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The flight test results surpassed the company's guarantees for noise, economics and performance, meaning a longer range than advertised could be possible.<ref>{{cite news |title= Exclusive: CSeries performance better than guarantees, "favorable" to brochure; range better than advertised |url= https://leehamnews.com/2015/03/03/exclusive-cseries-performance-better-than-guarantees-favorable-to-brochure-range-better-than-advertised/ |publisher= leehamnews |date= 3 March 2015 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 26 April 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160426234633/https://leehamnews.com/2015/03/03/exclusive-cseries-performance-better-than-guarantees-favorable-to-brochure-range-better-than-advertised/ |url-status= live }}</ref> The fifth CS100 (FTV5) with a complete interior made its first flight on 18 March,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aero-news.net/getmorefromann.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=f6270088-205e-43fa-a8ea-32da8d854f5b |title=Bombardier FTV5 Takes To The Skies |work=Aero-News Network |date=20 March 2015 |access-date=23 March 2015 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154222/http://www.aero-news.net/getmorefromann.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=f6270088-205e-43fa-a8ea-32da8d854f5b |url-status=live }}</ref> while the sixth CS100 (not officially designated as FTV6) was the first production unit used for function and reliability flights.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gold |first=Ian |date=November 2015 |title=CSeries Test Update |url=https://s44864.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/archive-issues/novdec-2015.pdf |access-date=18 August 2024 |work=Aerospace Testing International |pages=14}}</ref> At the Paris Air Show in June, Bombardier released updated performance data, showing improvements over the initial specifications.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-commercialaircraft-flight-tests-show-bombardier-c-ser.bombardiercom.html |title= Flight Tests Show Bombardier C Series Aircraft Performance Better than Targets |publisher= Bombardier |date= 14 June 2015 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160423074836/http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-commercialaircraft-flight-tests-show-bombardier-c-ser.bombardiercom.html |archive-date= 23 April 2016 }}</ref> The CS100 passed the required certification tests by mid-November.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/content/bombardiercom/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-celebrates-the-completion-of-its-cs100-aircrafts-cert.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Celebrates the Completion of its CS100 Aircraft's Certification Flight Test Program |publisher= Bombardier |date= 17 November 2015 |access-date= 17 November 2015 |archive-date= 25 September 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190925090847/https://www.bombardier.com/content/bombardiercom/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-celebrates-the-completion-of-its-cs100-aircrafts-cert.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> On 25 November, Bombardier completed the first phase of its route proving capabilities, with a 100% dispatch reliability.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardier-completes-first-phase-of-c-series-route-proving |title= Bombardier Completes First Phase of C Series Route Proving |publisher= Bombardier |date= 25 November 2015 |access-date= 27 November 2015 |archive-date= 2 December 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151202063224/http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/bombardier-completes-first-phase-of-c-series-route-proving/ |url-status= live }}</ref> The final prototype, FTV8, the second CS300 with a complete interior, made its first flight on 3 March 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Warwick |first1=Graham |title=A BIG YEAR - 2016 is a critical time for the Bombardier CSeries with first deliveries scheduled. |url=http://www.considercanada.com/uploads/1/0/5/1/105173773/a_big_year_bombardier_cseries_-atwonline.pdf |work=Air Transport World |date=April 2016 |language=en |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=9 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509185506/https://www.considercanada.com/uploads/1/0/5/1/105173773/a_big_year_bombardier_cseries_-atwonline.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
=== Type certification === The smallest model in the series, the 110- to 125-seat CS100, received type certificate from Transport Canada on 18 December 2015,<ref name="CS100_TC_2015">{{cite news |last=Lu |first=Vanessa |date=18 December 2015 |title=Bombardier's CSeries jet certified for commercial service |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2015/12/18/bombardiers-cseries-jet-certified-for-commercial-service.html |newspaper=Toronto Star |location=Toronto, Ontario |access-date=19 December 2015 |archive-date=19 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219115302/http://www.thestar.com/business/2015/12/18/bombardiers-cseries-jet-certified-for-commercial-service.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and simultaneously from US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in June 2016, clearing the way for delivery to the launch operator, Swiss International Air Lines.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/european-and-u-s-aviation-bodies-certify-bombardier-cseries-100-aircraft-finally-clearing-the-way-for-commercial-use |title=European and U.S. aviation bodies certify Bombardier CSeries 100 aircraft finally clearing the way for takeoff |work=Financial Post |author=The Canadian Press |date=16 June 2016 |access-date=16 June 2016 |archive-date=17 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617145018/http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/european-and-u-s-aviation-bodies-certify-bombardier-cseries-100-aircraft-finally-clearing-the-way-for-commercial-use |url-status=live}}</ref>
The largest model, the 130- to 145-seat CS300, obtained its type certificate from Transport Canada on 11 July 2016,<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-cs300-aircraft-awarded-type-certification-by-transpor.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier CS300 Aircraft Awarded Type Certification by Transport Canada |publisher= Bombardier |date= 11 July 2016 |access-date= 11 July 2016 |archive-date= 14 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160714225144/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-cs300-aircraft-awarded-type-certification-by-transpor.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> from the EASA on 7 October that cleared the delivery to its launch operator airBaltic,<ref name="AIN07Oct2016">{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2016-10-07/bombardier-cs300-wins-easa-nod |title= Bombardier CS300 Wins EASA Nod |author-first1= Gregory |author-last1=Polek |date= 7 October 2016 |work= Aviation International News |access-date= 4 September 2021 }}</ref> and from the FAA on 14 December 2016.<ref name="AIN14Dec2016">{{cite news |url= http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2016-12-14/bombardiers-cs300-enters-service-air-baltic |title= Bombardier's CS300 Enters Service with Air Baltic |author-first1= Gregory |author-last1=Polek |date= 14 December 2016 |work= Aviation International News |access-date= 15 December 2016 |archive-date= 17 December 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161217072802/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2016-12-14/bombardiers-cs300-enters-service-air-baltic |url-status= live }}</ref>
Both models were awarded a common type rating on 23 November 2016 simultaneously from Transport Canada and EASA, allowing pilots to qualify on both types interchangeably.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-obtains-same-type-rating-for-both-c-series-jetliners.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Obtains Same Type Rating for Both C Series Jetliners |date= 23 November 2016 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 24 November 2016 |archive-date= 24 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161124161124/http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-obtains-same-type-rating-for-both-c-series-jetliners.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
Bombardier conducted steep 5.5˚ approach landings tests at London City Airport (LCY) in March 2017,<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-03-27/bombardier-flies-c-series-demo-london-city-new-york |title= Bombardier Flies C Series Demo from London City to New York |author-first1= Gregory |author-last1=Polek |date= 27 March 2017 |work= Aviation International News |access-date= 4 April 2017 |archive-date= 5 April 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170633/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-03-27/bombardier-flies-c-series-demo-london-city-new-york |url-status= live }}</ref> and announced one month later, April 2017, that the CS100 received Transport Canada and EASA steep approach certification.<ref name=SteepApproachCert>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bca_20170426_cseriessteepapproachcertification.bombardiercom.html |title= Transport Canada and EASA Award Steep Approach Certifications to Bombardier CS100 Aircraft |date= 26 April 2017 |publisher= Bombardier |access-date= 27 April 2017 |archive-date= 28 April 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170428142301/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bca_20170426_cseriessteepapproachcertification.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
=== Entry into service === [[File:HB-JBC Bombardier BD-500-1A10 CS100 BCS1 - SWR (33142509796).jpg|thumb|Swiss International Air Lines was the launch operator for the CSeries with the first CS100 in July 2016.]]
The first CSeries, a CS100, was delivered to Swiss Global Air Lines on 29 June 2016 at Montréal–Mirabel International Airport,<ref>{{cite web |first1=Karen |last1=Walker |first2=Graham |last2=Warwick |url=http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/first-cseries-aircraft-delivered-swiss |title=First CSeries aircraft is delivered to SWISS |date=29 June 2016 |publisher=Air Transport World |access-date=1 July 2016 |archive-date=30 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630195043/http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/first-cseries-aircraft-delivered-swiss |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-delivers-first-c-series-aircraft-to-launch-operator-s.bombardiercom.html |title= Bombardier Delivers First C Series Aircraft to Launch Operator SWISS |publisher= Bombardier |date= 29 June 2016 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 2 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160841/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-delivers-first-c-series-aircraft-to-launch-operator-s.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref> and began commercial service on 15 July with a flight between Zürich and Paris.<ref name="Bomba15July2016">{{cite press release |title= SWISS Launches Revenue Service with State-of-the-Art Bombardier C Series Aircraft |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.swiss-launches-revenue-service-with-state-of-the-art-bombardier-.bombardiercom.html |location= Montreal |publisher= Bombardier Aerospace |date= 15 July 2016 |access-date= 15 July 2016 |archive-date= 29 November 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191129034030/https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.swiss-launches-revenue-service-with-state-of-the-art-bombardier-.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Financial Post 1">{{Cite news |url= http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardiers-cseries-holds-its-maiden-commercial-flight-from-zurich-to-paris |title= Bombardier's CSeries holds its maiden commercial flight from Zurich to Paris |date= 15 July 2016 |author-first1= Kristine |author-last1=Owram |work= Financial Post |access-date= 16 July 2016 |archive-date= 18 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160718225347/http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardiers-cseries-holds-its-maiden-commercial-flight-from-zurich-to-paris |url-status= live }}</ref> The launch operator stated in August, that "the customer feedback is very positive with the expected remarks concerning the bright cabin, reduced noise, enough leg room and space for hand luggage as well as the comfortable seats. Also, the feedback from our pilots is gratifying. They especially like the intuitive flying experience."<ref name="FinPost24Aug2016">{{Cite news |url= http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardiers-cseries-showing-much-higher-reliability-than-competitors-airline-says |title= Bombardier Inc's CSeries showing 'much higher' reliability than competitors, Swiss Air Lines says |last= Owram |first= Kristine |date= 24 August 2016 |work= Financial Post |access-date= 7 April 2017 |archive-date= 8 April 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082811/http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardiers-cseries-showing-much-higher-reliability-than-competitors-airline-says |url-status= live }}</ref>
[[File:AirBaltic CS300 Bombardier YL-CSA (31334693595).jpg|thumb|airBaltic was the CS300 launch operator in December 2016.|alt=airBaltic became the second operator of the CSeries with the first CS300 in December 2016.|left]] The first CS300 was delivered to second CSeries operator AirBaltic on 28 November,<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-delivers-first-cs300-to-air-baltic-431881/ |title= Bombardier delivers first CS300 to Air Baltic |date= 28 November 2016 |work= Flight Global |author-first1= Stephen |author-last1=Trimble |access-date= 28 November 2016 |archive-date= 29 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161129021336/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-delivers-first-cs300-to-air-baltic-431881/ |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardier-hands-over-its-largest-cseries-jet-to-latvian-carrier-the-first-in-20-plane-order |title= Bombardier hands over its largest CSeries jet to Latvian carrier, the first in 20-plane order |last= van der Linde |first= Damon |date= 28 November 2016 |work= The Financial Post |access-date= 29 November 2016 |archive-date= 2 December 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161202105254/http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardier-hands-over-its-largest-cseries-jet-to-latvian-carrier-the-first-in-20-plane-order |url-status= live }}</ref> and began revenue service on 14 December with a flight from Riga to Amsterdam in a two-class, 145-seat configuration.<ref name="AIN14Dec2016" /> The type launch operator lauded lower noise levels for passengers and more space for luggage than its Boeing 737-300s.<ref name="Bloomberg14Aug2017">{{cite web |url= https://washpost.bloomberg.com/Story?docId=1376-OUHFOF6K50Y301-27EHCJJHBT2MQ5OK1M7N17A6JC |title= New York, L.A. Seen by Delta as Bases for Newest Bombardier Jet |work= Bloomberg |date= 14 August 2017 |author-first1= Michael |author-last1=Sasso |author-first2= Frederic |author-last2=Tomesco |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170904065347/https://washpost.bloomberg.com/Story?docId=1376-OUHFOF6K50Y301-27EHCJJHBT2MQ5OK1M7N17A6JC |archive-date= 4 September 2017}}</ref>
Upon introduction, both variants were performing above their original specifications, with airBaltic reporting that the CS300 range was 2% better, as were its per seat and per trip cost,<ref name="ATW6Dec2016" /> and burned over 1% less fuel at 2,600 L/h.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.airbaltic.com/en/fleet |publisher= airBaltic |title= Fleet |access-date= 4 February 2017 |archive-date= 10 March 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170310105719/https://www.airbaltic.com/en/fleet |url-status= live }}</ref> On long missions, the CS100 was up to 1% more fuel efficient than the brochure and the CS300 up to 3%.<ref name="BombardierSep2017" /> Therefore, Bombardier would update its performance specifications later in 2017.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> The CS300 burned 20% less fuel than the Airbus A319ceo, 21% less than the Boeing 737 Classic while the CS100 18 to 27% less per seat than the Avro RJ100.<ref name="AvWeek20oct2017">{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airlines-praise-c-series-performance-manage-early-issues |title= Airlines Praise C Series Performance, Manage Early Issues |date= 20 October 2017 |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau|author-first2= Graham |author-last2=Warwick |author-first3= Guy |author-last3=Norris |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date= 23 October 2017 |archive-date= 23 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171023133553/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airlines-praise-c-series-performance-manage-early-issues |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Bloomberg14Aug2017" /><ref>{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/airframes/swiss-replace-a319s-cseries-aircraft |title= SWISS to replace A319s with CSeries aircraft |date= 9 August 2017 |author-first1= Kurt |author-last1=Hofmann |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 10 August 2017 |archive-date= 10 August 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170810132658/http://atwonline.com/airframes/swiss-replace-a319s-cseries-aircraft |url-status= live }}</ref> Furthermore, the CS300 was designed to be {{cvt|6|t|lb}} lighter than the Airbus A319neo and nearly {{cvt|8|t|lb}} lighter than the Boeing 737 MAX 7, giving it an operating cost advantage of up to 12%.<ref name="300Efficiency">{{cite news |url= http://en.cfts.org.ua/articles/the_plastic_airplane_a_review_of_the_worlds_first_bombardier_cs300_airliner |title= The Plastic Airplane: a Review of the World's First Bombardier CS300 Airliner |author-first1= Oleksandr |author-last1=Laneckij|author-first2= Andrii |author-last2=Raschuk |date= 13 December 2016 |work= Centre for Transport Strategies |location= Kyiv, Ukraine |access-date= 7 September 2017 |archive-date= 7 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170907213549/http://en.cfts.org.ua/articles/the_plastic_airplane_a_review_of_the_worlds_first_bombardier_cs300_airliner |url-status= live }}</ref>
[[File:Swiss Airbus A220-100 (HB-JBA) operating LX465 taxiing to the runway at LCY, May 2021 03 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Following steep approach certification, Swiss operated its first revenue flight to London City Airport on 8 August 2017.]] After 28,000 engine hours in 14 in-service aircraft with a dispatch reliability of 99.9%, Swiss replaced an engine pair in May 2017 after 2,400 hours, while airBaltic replaced another one in June.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> Swiss initially flew six sectors a day and by July up to nine a day with an average time of 1{{nbsp}}hour 15{{nbsp}}minutes.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> airBaltic's flight length averaged 3 hours, and the average fleet daily usage was 14 hours.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> On 8 August, following the steep approach certification by EASA, Swiss operated its first revenue flight from Zurich to London City, replacing the Avro RJ.<ref name="flightglobal080817">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/swiss-completes-first-cseries-revenue-flight-to-lond-440093/ |title= Swiss completes first CSeries revenue flight to London City |date= 8 August 2017 |author-first1= Jon |author-last1=Hemmerdinger |work= flightglobal |access-date= 9 August 2017 |archive-date= 27 September 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200927234715/https://www.flightglobal.com/swiss-completes-first-cseries-revenue-flight-to-london-city/125037.article/ |url-status= live }}</ref> As of September, the CSeries fleet had undergone 20 A Checks with no significant maintenance issues,<ref name="BombardierSep2017" /> and over 1.5{{nbsp}}million passengers had 16,000 revenue flights in the 18 aircraft in service, making up to 100 revenue flights per day on 100 routes: most used were up to 17{{nbsp}}hours per day and up to ten legs per day.<ref name="BombardierSep2017">{{cite web |url= https://www.airinsight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AeroPerspectives-2017-C-Series-Program-Update.pdf |title= Cseries program update |author-first1= Istifan |author-last1=Ghanem |publisher= Bombardier |date= September 2017 |access-date= 13 September 2017 |archive-date= 13 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135628/https://www.airinsight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AeroPerspectives-2017-C-Series-Program-Update.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> Thirty-five minute turnarounds allowed 11 legs per day.<ref name="AvWeek20oct2017" /> On 22 December, after months of engine delivery delays, Korean Air became the third and latest operator of CSeries after receiving its first CS300,<ref name="Bomba22Dec2017">{{cite press release |title= Bombardier Delivers Korean Air Line's First CS300 Airliner |url= https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.DeliveryKAL.bombardiercom.html |location= Montreal |publisher= Bombardier Aerospace |date= 22 December 2017 |access-date= 18 August 2019 |archive-date= 18 August 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190818095403/https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.DeliveryKAL.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-korean-air-becomes-third-operator-for-cser-444442/ |title= Korean Air becomes third operator for CSeries |date= 22 December 2017 |author-first1= Stephen |author-last1=Trimble |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 23 December 2017 |archive-date= 23 December 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171223160555/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-korean-air-becomes-third-operator-for-cser-444442/ |url-status= live }}</ref> and completed its first revenue flight from Seoul to Ulsan on 20 January 2018.<ref name="Bomba6Febr2018">{{cite press release |title= Bombardier Foresees 2,050 new aircraft for Asia-Pacific by 2036 |url= https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.BombardierForesees2050newaircraft.bombardiercom.html |location= Singapore |publisher= Bombardier Aerospace |date= 6 February 2018 |access-date= 18 August 2019 |archive-date= 18 August 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190818095401/https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.BombardierForesees2050newaircraft.bombardiercom.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
=== A220 rebranding === The aircraft was rebranded A220 as a family name (formerly ''CSeries'') with A220-100/300 (formerly ''CS100/CS300'') as variant name on 10 July 2018, following the Airbus partnership ten days earlier. Financial issues at Bombardier due to the CSeries programme and production delays, stiff competition, and ultimately a dumping petition by Boeing, paved the way for the partnership.<ref name="Leeham18oct2017" />
==== Poor financial situation ==== A feasibility study prior to the programme launch estimated development costs of $2.1 billion for the CSeries in May 2005, shared equally by Bombardier, suppliers and partner governments.<ref name="BombardierMay2005" /> In November 2009, when the first CSeries wing was assembled for prototype manufacture, development costs rose to approximately $3.5 billion.<ref name="BloombergNov2009"/> Programme delays during the test preparation and flight test phase also resulted in order cancellations, including from a Swedish lessor.<ref>{{cite news |author-last1=Ostrower|author-first1= John |author-first2= Paul |author-last2=Vieira |date=8 January 2015 |title=Jet Maker Bombardier Finds Bigger Proves Far From Better |page=A1 |publisher=Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/jet-maker-bombardier-finds-bigger-proves-far-from-better-1420766239 |url-status=live |access-date=5 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511153932/https://www.wsj.com/articles/jet-maker-bombardier-finds-bigger-proves-far-from-better-1420766239 |archive-date=11 May 2017}}</ref> In August 2014, Bombardier changed the programme's management and slashed its workforce.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ho |first1=Solarina |date=19 August 2014 |title=More Bombardier executive reshuffling as CSeries still grounded |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/bombardier-management-idUSL2N0QQ00D20140820 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005354/https://www.reuters.com/article/bombardier-management-idUSL2N0QQ00D20140820 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |access-date=30 June 2017 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref>
In 2015, in exchange for help in the final development stages of the "overdue and over-budget" aircraft, Bombardier offered to sell a controlling stake in the CSeries programme to Airbus but had to look for alternatives after Airbus confirmed in October that it had turned down the offer.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardier-incs-airbus-talks-signal-the-beginning-of-the-end-for-cseries-experts-say |title= Bombardier Inc's Airbus talks signal 'the beginning of the end' for CSeries, experts say |first= Kristine |last= Owram |date= 7 October 2015 |work= Financial Post |location= Toronto |access-date= 14 October 2015 |archive-date= 15 October 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151015182942/http://business.financialpost.com/news/transportation/bombardier-incs-airbus-talks-signal-the-beginning-of-the-end-for-cseries-experts-say |url-status= live }}</ref> Just days prior, the Government of Quebec reiterated its willingness to provide Bombardier with financial aid, if it were requested.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Bombardier Called 'Huge Asset' as Quebec Vows Aid If Needed |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-29/bombardier-called-huge-asset-as-quebec-vows-aid-if-needed |publisher= Bloomberg |date= 29 September 2015 |first= Frederic |last= Tomesco |access-date= 5 March 2017 |archive-date= 28 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005656/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-29/bombardier-called-huge-asset-as-quebec-vows-aid-if-needed |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aviationtoday.com/av/business-and-general-aviation/Is-the-CSeries-Doomed-Bombardier-Approaches-Airbus-to-Sell-Stake_86245.html |title=Is the CSeries Doomed? |last1=Van Wagenen |first1=Juliet |date=8 October 2015 |publisher=Access Intelligence |work=Aviation Today |access-date=8 October 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112212/http://www.aviationtoday.com/av/business-and-general-aviation/Is-the-CSeries-Doomed-Bombardier-Approaches-Airbus-to-Sell-Stake_86245.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 29 October, Bombardier took a {{CAD|3.2 billion}} write-down on the CSeries. The Trudeau government indicated that it would reply to Bombardier's request for $350{{nbsp}}million in assistance after it took power in early November.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/liberals-to-decide-on-financial-assistance-for-bombardier/article27030710/ |title= Quebec makes high-risk bet with $1-billion Bombardier investment |work= The Globe and Mail |date= 29 October 2015 |access-date= 24 August 2017 |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304234012/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/liberals-to-decide-on-financial-assistance-for-bombardier/article27030710/ |url-status= live }}</ref> On the same day, the Quebec government invested {{CAD|1 billion}} in the company to save the struggling programme.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.thestar.com/business/2015/10/29/quebec-government-says-aerospace-industry-bombadier-cseries-too-important-to-give-up.html |title= Bombardier CSeries, aerospace industry too important to give up: Quebec government |last1= Valiante |first1= Giuseppe |date= 29 October 2015 |work= the Toronto Star |publisher= The Canadian Press |access-date= 24 August 2017 |archive-date= 29 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170929092025/https://www.thestar.com/business/2015/10/29/quebec-government-says-aerospace-industry-bombadier-cseries-too-important-to-give-up.html |url-status= live }}</ref> In early November, a Scotiabank report indicated that the company and the programme would probably need a second bailout, and that even then the CSeries would probably not make money.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://business.financialpost.com/investing/trading-desk/bombardier-inc-could-need-a-second-bailout-within-12-18-months-scotiabank |title= Bombardier Inc could need a second bailout within 12–18 months: Scotiabank |author-first1= Kristine |author-last1=Owram |date= 2 November 2015 |work= Financial Post |quote= we believe that the writedown corroborates our long-held view that the CSeries is not going to be value accretive under any scenario |access-date= 2 November 2015 |archive-date= 3 November 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151103024732/http://business.financialpost.com/investing/trading-desk/bombardier-inc-could-need-a-second-bailout-within-12-18-months-scotiabank |url-status= live }}</ref> When Transport Canada granted type certification for the CS100 in December 2015, CSeries' total development costs, including the aforementioned write-offs, were $5.4 billion.<ref name="CS100_TC_2015" /> At the time, the CSeries had 250 firm orders and letters of intent, plus commitments for another 360, mostly for the CS300.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 December 2015 |title=Bombardier receives CSeries certification from Transport Canada |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/bombardier-cseries-friday-1.3371265 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218213523/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/bombardier-cseries-friday-1.3371265 |archive-date=18 December 2015 |access-date=19 December 2015 |website=CBC News |publisher=CBC/Radio Canada}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Trimble |first1=Stephen |date=18 December 2015 |title=Transport Canada announces type certification for CSeries |publisher=Flightglobal |location=Washington DC |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/transport-canada-announces-type-certification-for-cs-420210/ |url-status=live |access-date=21 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222112840/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/transport-canada-announces-type-certification-for-cs-420210/ |archive-date=22 December 2015}}</ref>
Bombardier reportedly requested a {{CAD|1 billion}} aid package from the Canadian Government in April 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lu |first=Vanessa |date=28 April 2016 |title=Despite Delta's order, Bombardier wants Ottawa's help |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/04/28/delta-places-56b-order-for-bombardier-cseries-passenger-jets.html |newspaper=The Star |location=Toronto, Ontario, Canada |access-date=29 April 2016 |archive-date=29 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429034842/http://www.thestar.com/business/2016/04/28/delta-places-56b-order-for-bombardier-cseries-passenger-jets.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Government then offered an aid package without divulging the amount or conditions imposed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-15/bombardier-said-to-reject-aid-proposal-from-canadian-government |title=Bombardier Rejects Aid Proposal From Canadian Government |last1=Wingrove |first1=Josh |last2=Deveau |first2=Scott |date=15 April 2016 |publisher=Bloomberg |quote=A spokesman for Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains, who is leading the review of Bombardier's request, declined to comment on the government offer |access-date=5 March 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928005406/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-15/bombardier-said-to-reject-aid-proposal-from-canadian-government |url-status=live }}</ref> In July, Bombardier set up the ''C Series Aircraft Limited Partnership'' (CSALP) together with Investissement Québec.<ref>{{cite web |title=Working on A220 – Overview |url=https://careers.bombardier.com/a220/working-on-a220/overview |publisher=Bombardier |access-date=3 June 2019 |archive-date=3 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603065234/https://careers.bombardier.com/a220/working-on-a220/overview |url-status=live }}</ref> The Government finally announced in February 2017 a package of {{CAD|372.5{{nbsp}}million}} in interest-free loans for the company, with the programme to receive one-third.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/business/article/ottawa-to-give-bombardier-3725-million-in-loans/|title=Ottawa to give Bombardier $372.5 million in loans|last=Marowits|first=Ross|work=CTVNews|access-date=4 April 2017|archive-date=5 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405175040/http://www.ctvnews.ca/business/ottawa-to-give-bombardier-372-5-million-in-loans-1.3275051|url-status=live}}</ref>
==== Delays in production ==== In 2016, Bombardier achieved its goal of delivering seven CSeries aircraft to both launch operators, Swiss and airBaltic.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/bombardier-meets-goal-of-seven-cseries-deliveries-in-2016/122714.article |title= Bombardier meets goal of seven CSeries deliveries in 2016 |work= FlightGlobal |date= 5 January 2017 |access-date= 28 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="A220_CSeries" /> Production was then set to ramp to 30–35 aircraft deliveries in 2017 after PW1500G engine supply and start issues were resolved.<ref name="ATW6Dec2016">{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/bombardier-cseries-aircraft-performing-better-expected |title= Bombardier: CSeries aircraft performing better than expected |date= 6 December 2016 |author-first1= Victoria |author-last1=Moores |work= Air Transport World |publisher= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 7 December 2016 |archive-date= 7 December 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161207154608/http://atwonline.com/manufacturers/bombardier-cseries-aircraft-performing-better-expected |url-status= live }}</ref> However, the CSeries delivery goal for 2017 had to be revised to 20–22 aircraft only, due to persistent engine delivery delays,<ref name="Flight2nov2017">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-discloses-tentative-deal-covering-61-cser-442824/ |title= Bombardier discloses tentative deal covering 61 CSeries jets |date= 2 November 2017 |author-first1= Jon |author-last1=Hemmerdinger |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 2 November 2017 |archive-date= 2 November 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171102194756/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-discloses-tentative-deal-covering-61-cser-442824/ |url-status= live }}</ref> and finally, only 17 deliveries were completed in the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/bombardier-falls-short-of-2017-cseries-delivery-target/126607.article|title=Bombardier falls short of 2017 CSeries delivery target|last=Hemmerdinger|first=Jon|date=2018-01-02|website=Flight Global|access-date=16 January 2020|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114849/https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/bombardier-falls-short-of-2017-cseries-delivery-target/126607.article|url-status=live}}</ref>
By the time the Airbus partnership came into effect on 1 July 2018, a total of 37 CSeries had been delivered,<ref name=Airbus_O&D/> which was a very low production rate considering Bombardier had forecast at the programme launch, 315 annual deliveries from 2008 to 2027 for 100- to 150-seat airliners,<ref name="FlightglobalJune2018">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-can-airbus-make-the-cseries-realise-its-po-449331/ |title= Can Airbus make the CSeries realise its potential? |date= 8 June 2018 |author-first1= Stephen |author-last1=Trimble |work= Flightglobal |archive-date= 27 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114850/https://www.flightglobal.com/analysis/analysis-can-airbus-make-the-cseries-realise-its-potential/128415.article |url-status= live }}</ref> up to half of that (157 units) would be delivered by the company itself.<ref name="AviToday20080717" /> However, the average production rate of the six available models (B737-700, A318/A319, CS100/CS300 and E195) was fewer than 80 aircraft per year for the first 10.5 years.<ref name="FlightglobalJune2018" />
==== Market stiff competition ==== The effect of stiff competition and production delays was apparent in early 2016. On 20 January, United Airlines ordered 40 Boeing 737-700s instead of the CSeries due to the type already being in full production, and commonality with United's existing 737 fleet of 310 aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |last=Van Praet |first=Nicolas |date=21 January 2016 |title=Bombardier snubbed as United to buy 40 Boeing jets |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/united-to-buy-40-boeing-jets-in-blow-to-bombardier-c-series/article28306016/ |newspaper=Globe and Mail |location=Toronto, Ontario |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131140424/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/united-to-buy-40-boeing-jets-in-blow-to-bombardier-c-series/article28306016/ |archive-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Boeing also reportedly gave United a massive 73% discount on the 737 deal, dropping the price to $22{{nbsp}}million per unit,<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.forbes.com/sites/scotthamilton5/2016/03/08/united-boeing-and-the-competitors/ |title= Boeing Gives United A Smoking Deal On 737s To Block Bombardier From Gaining Traction |author-first1= Scott |author-last1=Hamilton |date= 8 March 2016 |work= Forbes |archive-date= 2 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171002170432/https://www.forbes.com/sites/scotthamilton5/2016/03/08/united-boeing-and-the-competitors/ |url-status= live }}</ref> well below the CS300 market value at $36{{nbsp}}million.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2015/02/19/report-where-are-the-sales-for-bombardiers-cseries-jet/ |title= Report: Where Are the Sales for Bombardier's CSeries Jet? |date= 19 February 2015 |publisher= Airways News |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160424141520/http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2015/02/19/report-where-are-the-sales-for-bombardiers-cseries-jet/ |archive-date= 24 April 2016}}</ref> David Tyerman, an analyst with Canaccord Genuity said to the ''Toronto Star'': "This just shows how difficult it is for Bombardier to win orders these days.[...]. It also raises the question of how profitable the next C Series order they win will be for them."<ref>{{cite news |author= The Canadian Press |title= Boeing beats Bombardier to United airliner sale |url= https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/01/21/boeing-beats-bombardier-to-united-airliner-sale.html |newspaper= Toronto Star |location= Montreal |date= 21 January 2016 |archive-date= 1 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161101101944/https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/01/21/boeing-beats-bombardier-to-united-airliner-sale.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
The CSeries also competed with the smaller variants of the A320 family aircraft. The 2010 order for 40 CS300s and 40 options from Republic Airways Holdings{{snd}} then owner of exclusive A319/320 operator Frontier Airlines{{snd}}also pushed Airbus into the A320neo re-engine.<ref name="Leeham18oct2017" /> Airbus opted to compete aggressively against the CSeries rather than ignoring it, as Boeing had done with Airbus.<ref name="Leeham18oct2017" /> Airbus dropped the A320's price in head-to-head competition, successfully blocking Bombardier from several deals.<ref name="Leeham18oct2017" />
==== Boeing dumping petition ==== {{main|CSeries dumping petition by Boeing}}
{{trim|{{#section:Cseries dumping petition by Boeing|lead}}}}
==== Airbus programme acquisition ==== Bombardier and Airbus announced on 16 October 2017 that Airbus would acquire a 50.01% majority stake in the CSALP partnership, with Bombardier keeping 31% and Investissement Québec 19%.<ref name="16oct2017jointPR" /> Airbus paid no money, incurred no debt and assumed no liability for its share in the programme,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Airbus-to-Revive-C-Series-229790-1.html|title= Airbus To Revive C-Series|access-date= 18 October 2017|last= Rapoport|first= Geoff|work= AVweb|date= 17 October 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180718203147/https://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Airbus-to-Revive-C-Series-229790-1.html|archive-date= 18 July 2018}}</ref><ref name="AvWeek16Oct2017" /> but its supply chain expertise should save production costs, and a second assembly line would be built at its production facility, Airbus Mobile, in Mobile, Alabama.<ref name="16oct2017jointPR" /> While assembling the aircraft in U.S. could circumvent the 292% duties proposed in the Boeing dumping petition, Airbus CEO Tom Enders and Bombardier CEO Alain Bellemare assured that this factor did not drive the partnership. However, negotiations began in August 2017 after the filing in April and the decision in June to proceed, and Boeing was therefore suspicious.<ref name="AvWeek16Oct2017">{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airbus-bombardier-forge-industry-shaking-c-series-agreement |title= Airbus, Bombardier Forge Industry-Shaking C Series Agreement |date= 16 October 2017 |author-first1= Guy |author-last1=Norris |author-first2= Graham |author-last2=Warwick |work= Aviation Week network |access-date= 18 October 2017 |archive-date= 18 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171018191352/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airbus-bombardier-forge-industry-shaking-c-series-agreement |url-status= live }}</ref> Airbus CCO John Leahy considered that Boeing indirectly forced the CSeries programme into Airbus hands by pressing the U.S. administration for massive tariffs on the aircraft.<ref name="Leeham18oct2017">{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2017/10/18/war-partner-airbus-cseries/ |title= From war to partner: Airbus and the CSeries |date= 18 October 2017 |work= Leeham |access-date= 19 October 2017 |archive-date= 23 February 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180223104147/https://leehamnews.com/2017/10/18/war-partner-airbus-cseries/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Bombardier CEO predicted that the partnership would significantly accelerate sales as it would bring certainty to the CSeries programme through Airbus's global scale.<ref name="TS16oct2017">{{cite news |url= https://www.thestar.com/business/2017/10/16/bombardier-looking-to-sell-q400-business-report.html |title= European giant Airbus to buy majority stake in Bombardier's CSeries program |first= Ross |last= Marowits |date= 16 October 2017 |work= Toronto Star |agency= The Canadian Press |access-date= 17 October 2017 |archive-date= 17 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171017141403/https://www.thestar.com/business/2017/10/16/bombardier-looking-to-sell-q400-business-report.html |url-status= live }}</ref> ''AirInsight'' estimated that Airbus's corporate strength would increase the CSeries share of the 100- to 150-seat aircraft market over 20 years, from 40% of 5,636 aircraft (2,254 sales) to 55–60%, around 3,010 aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.airinsight.com/re-examining-potential-market-cseries |title= Re-Examining The Potential Market For The CSeries |author-first1= Ernest S. |author-last1=Arvai |date= 19 October 2017 |work= AirInsight |access-date= 20 October 2017 |archive-date= 20 October 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181020120921/https://airinsight.com/re-examining-potential-market-cseries/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Airbus would retain Bombardier as a strategic partner beyond the period required in the clauses, allowing it to acquire Investissement Québec's stake no earlier than 2023 and Bombardier's stake no earlier than 2025, but with main production remaining in Mirabel, Québec until at least 2041.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airbus CEO expects to sell 'thousands' of C Series aircraft|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/airbus-enders-cseries-bombardier-1.4363895|website=CBC.ca|publisher=CBC|date=20 Oct 2017|access-date=2 November 2017|archive-date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102094407/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/airbus-enders-cseries-bombardier-1.4363895|url-status=live}}</ref> The partnership was subject to regulatory approvals,<ref name="16oct2017jointPR">{{cite press release |title= Airbus and Bombardier Announce C Series Partnership |date= 16 October 2017}} [http://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2017/10/airbus-bombardier-cseries-agreement.html Airbus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017043118/http://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2017/10/airbus-bombardier-cseries-agreement.html |date=17 October 2017 }}, [http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.binc-20171016-airbus-and-bombardier-announce-c-series-partnershi.bombardiercom.html Bombardier] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017094232/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.binc-20171016-airbus-and-bombardier-announce-c-series-partnershi.bombardiercom.html |date=17 October 2017 }}</ref> and during competition investigation, Airbus and Bombardier were to operate separately and clean teams planned the integration with privileged access to competitively sensitive data but separated from their management.<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-12-11/airbus-bombardier-launch-clean-teams-c-series-effort |title= Airbus, Bombardier Launch 'Clean Teams' for C Series Effort |author-first1= Ian |author-last1=Goold |date= 11 December 2017 |work= AIN |access-date= 13 December 2017 |archive-date= 13 December 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171213144138/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-12-11/airbus-bombardier-launch-clean-teams-c-series-effort |url-status= live }}</ref>
<!-- Reactions --> Embraer assured at the Dubai Airshow in November 2017 that its base country Brazil would sue Canada for its subsidies to Bombardier through the World Trade Organization,<ref name="AvWeek21nov2017" /> because the competitor viewed CSeries as a heavy, expensive, and long, thin-haul aircraft outperforming the range of its own E-Jet E2, a close rival for market share.<ref name="AvWeek21nov2017">{{Cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/industry-closely-watching-airbusbombardier-c-series-integration |title= Industry Closely Watching Airbus |date= 21 November 2017 |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date= 22 November 2017 |archive-date= 23 November 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171123235337/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/industry-closely-watching-airbusbombardier-c-series-integration |url-status= live }}</ref> Previously, in October 2017, Boeing was reportedly concerned over its ability to match fleet package deals enabled by the partnership.<ref name="AvWeek27Oct2017" /> Then, in December 2017, ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported Boeing was planning to offer Embraer more than the company's $3.7 billion market value to set up a joint venture,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dana Mattioli, Dana Cimilluca and Liz Hoffman |date=December 21, 2017 |title=Boeing Held Takeover Talks With Brazilian Aircraft Maker Embraer |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-held-takeover-talks-with-brazilian-aircraft-maker-embraer-1513874742 <!-- alternate url:https://archive.today/20171221180220/https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-held-takeover-talks-with-brazilian-aircraft-maker-embraer-1513874742 --> |access-date=26 November 2020 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127011758/https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-held-takeover-talks-with-brazilian-aircraft-maker-embraer-1513874742 |url-status=live }}</ref> in what aviation industry analysts said was a reaction to the partnership.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Johnsson |first1=Julie |last2=Moura |first2=Fabiola |last3=Black |first3=Thomas |date=December 21, 2017 |title=Boeing Is in Talks for Combination With Regional-Jet Maker Embraer |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-21/boeing-is-said-in-talks-to-acquire-embraer-wsj-reports |access-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-date=29 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629064210/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-21/boeing-is-said-in-talks-to-acquire-embraer-wsj-reports |url-status=live }}</ref> The Boeing–Embraer joint venture was announced in February 2019, but before the antitrust investigations were completed, the deal was unilaterally terminated by Boeing in April 2020 due to impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic on aviation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite press release |title=Boeing Terminates Agreement to Establish Joint Ventures with Embraer |date=April 25, 2020 |publisher=Boeing |url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2020-04-25-Boeing-Terminates-Agreement-to-Establish-Joint-Ventures-with-Embraer |access-date=26 November 2020 |archive-date=28 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528111317/https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2020-04-25-Boeing-Terminates-Agreement-to-Establish-Joint-Ventures-with-Embraer |url-status=live }}</ref>
<!-- Approval --> thumb|The A220-300 with the Airbus livery after its July 2018 takeover The antitrust investigation was due to be completed ahead of Farnborough Airshow 2018 to allow for a marketing boost,<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-16/airbus-is-said-to-see-c-series-deal-closing-as-early-as-mid-year |title= Airbus Sees C Series Deal Closing as Early as Mid-Year |date= 16 March 2018 |author-first1= Benjamin D. |author-last1=Katz |display-authors= et al |agency= Bloomberg |access-date= 17 March 2018 |archive-date= 17 March 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180317164931/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-16/airbus-is-said-to-see-c-series-deal-closing-as-early-as-mid-year |url-status= live }}</ref> and it was planned to rebrand the CSeries as an Airbus model, with A200 suggested as a family name and A210/A230 for the CS100 and CS300.<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-25/bombardier-c-series-set-to-become-just-another-airbus-after-deal |title= Bombardier C Series Set to Become Just Another Airbus After Deal |date= 25 April 2018 |author-first1= Benjamin D. |author-last1=Katz |display-authors= et al |agency= Bloomberg |access-date= 26 April 2018 |archive-date= 27 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180427150116/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-25/bombardier-c-series-set-to-become-just-another-airbus-after-deal |url-status= live }}</ref> On 8 June, following regulatory approval, the partnership confirmed that Airbus would take a majority stake on 1 July.<ref name="8jun2018PR" /> The head office, and leadership team would remain in Mirabel,<ref name="8jun2018PR" /> while the programme team would be formed by leaders from both Airbus and Bombardier and headed by Philippe Balducchi, then Head of Performance Management at Airbus Commercial Aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |author-first1=Addison |author-last1=Schonland |date=2 May 2018 |title=C Series Aircraft Partnership update |work=AirInsight |url=https://airinsight.com/c-series-aircraft-partnership-update/ |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504011745/https://airinsight.com/c-series-aircraft-partnership-update/ |archive-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> Bombardier would fund any required cash shortfalls up to US${{#expr:225+35+350}}{{nbsp}}million from the second half of 2018 to 2021.<ref name="8jun2018PR">{{cite press release |title= Airbus, Bombardier and Investissement Québec agree C Series Partnership closing effective July 1, 2018 |date= 8 June 2018 |url=http://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/06/airbus--bombardier-and-investissement-quebec-agree-c-series-part.html |website=Airbus}}</ref> Ten days after programme control was transferred to Airbus, the aircraft was rebranded with A220 as the family name (formerly CSeries) and A220-100/300 for the former CS100/CS300 variants.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/07/airbus-introduces-the-a220-100-and-a220-300.html |title=Airbus introduces the A220-100 and A220-300 |date=10 July 2018 |publisher=Airbus |access-date=10 July 2018 |archive-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712083404/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/07/airbus-introduces-the-a220-100-and-a220-300.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Later, on 1 June 2019, the CSALP joint venture was renamed ''Airbus Canada Limited Partnership'' (ACLP) and adopted the Airbus logo as its sole visual identity.<ref name="Airbus20190531">{{cite press release |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/05/airbus-canada-limited-partnership-new-name-comes-into-effect-june-1.html |title=Airbus Canada Limited Partnership new name comes into effect June 1 |date=31 May 2019 |publisher=Airbus |access-date=31 May 2019 |archive-date=31 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531171630/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/05/airbus-canada-limited-partnership-new-name-comes-into-effect-june-1.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The A220 became the only Airbus commercial aircraft programme managed outside of Europe, making Canada Airbus's largest presence other than Europe.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Forcier |first1=Amélie |last2=Ivan |first2=Alison |date=13 September 2024 |title=Airbus marks 40 years of growth in Canada with helicopter order for Ontario |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2024-09-airbus-marks-40-years-of-growth-in-canada-with-helicopter-order-for |access-date=13 September 2024 |work=Airbus}}</ref>
==== Bombardier exit participation ==== After reassessing its participation in January 2020, Bombardier exited the A220 programme in February 2020, selling its share to Airbus for $591{{nbsp}}million, when the programme's cost had reached US$7 billion.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1526990/bombardier-pdg-alain-bellemare-c-series-vente-airbus-alstom|title= Bombardier "Couldn't Afford" CSeries Alone, Admits CEO Alain Bellemare|date= 20 February 2020|agency= Radio Canada|access-date= 20 February 2020|archive-date= 20 February 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200220143350/https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1526990/bombardier-pdg-alain-bellemare-c-series-vente-airbus-alstom|url-status= live}}</ref> Airbus thus owned 75% of the programme; the remaining 25% of shares were held by Investissement Québec. Under the acquisition terms Airbus acquired Bombardier's option to buy out Investissement Québec's share from 2023, with a revised option date of 2026. Airbus also agreed to acquire A220 and A330 work package production capabilities from Bombardier in Saint-Laurent, to be taken through the Airbus subsidiary, Stelia Aerospace.<ref name="Flight13feb2020">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/airbus-takes-75-of-a220-programme-as-bombardier-exits/136722.article |title= Airbus takes 75% of A220 programme as Bombardier exits |author-first1= David |author-last1=Kaminski-Morrow |date= 13 February 2020 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 13 February 2020 |archive-date= 26 October 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201026020503/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/airbus-takes-75-of-a220-programme-as-bombardier-exits/136722.article |url-status= live }}</ref>
Airbus and the government of Quebec agreed in February 2022 to invest a further $1.2b in Airbus Canada, to support the acceleration of the A220 production rate to 14 A220s per month.<ref name="reuters150119" /><ref name="flightglobal270521" /> Accordingly, Airbus would invest $900m into the aircraft programme and Investissement Québec $300m, allowing the partnership to continue until the programme becomes profitable in the middle of the decade.<ref name="Reuters4feb2022">{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/airbus-quebec-reach-investment-deal-a220-jet-program-sources-2022-02-04/ |title= Airbus, Quebec reach $1.2 bln investment deal for A220 jet program |author-first1= Allison |author-last1=Lampert |date= 4 February 2022 |work= Reuters |access-date= 17 February 2022 }}</ref> In addition, 2030 had been set as the new earliest date for Airbus to acquire the remaining shares,<ref name="Reuters4feb2022"/> with Quebec hoping to definitely profit from the sale.<ref name="Reuters20Nov2023">{{Cite news |author-first1= Allison |author-last1=Lampert |date=20 November 2023 |title=Quebec expects possible profit with planned sale of A220 jet program stake in 2030 |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/quebec-expects-possible-profit-with-planned-sale-a220-jet-program-stake-2030-2023-11-20/ |access-date=26 December 2023}}</ref> Under the latest agreement in July 2024 the threshold for Airbus to buy out Québec's share will be further extended to 2035,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=24 July 2024 |title=Airbus and Quebec extend A220 shareholder partnership after new $1.2bn funding agreement |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/airbus-and-quebec-extend-a220-shareholder-partnership-after-new-12bn-funding-agreement/159346.article |access-date=3 August 2024 |work=Flight Global.}}</ref> securing that two-thirds of the jobs linked to the production of the A220 will remain in Quebec.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mann |first1=Mark |title=Quebec government invests US$300 million more in Airbus A220 production |url=https://montrealgazette.com/business/local-business/aerospace/airbus-a220-to-get-another-cash-injection-from-quebec |access-date=5 August 2024 |work=The Montreal Gazette |date=23 July 2024}}</ref> Meanwhile, the A220 held a market share of over 55% in its category and PwC estimated the aircraft programme will have an economic impact in Canada of more than $40 billion over the next 20 years.<ref name="Newswire0724">{{Cite news |last1=Forcier |first1=Amélie |last2=Duchesne |first2=Annabelle |date=23 July 2024 |title=Airbus continues to invest in the A220 and extends its partnership with the Government of Quebec |url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/airbus-continues-to-invest-in-the-a220-and-extends-its-partnership-with-the-government-of-quebec-831869500.html |access-date=13 September 2024 |work=Newswire}}</ref>
=== Production === [[File:Mirabel-International.jpg|thumb|Main production facility and head office of ''Airbus Canada Limited Partnership'' (ACLP) at Montréal–Mirabel International Airport]] The Airbus partnership in July 2018 decided to keep the primary final assembly line (FAL) in Mirabel, Quebec, with its 2,200 workforce.<ref name="8jun2018PR" /> The secondary {{abbr|FAL|Final Assembly Line}} in Mobile would start deliveries in 2020 with a monthly production rate of four, rising to six for a capacity of eight while the main Mirabel FAL could go to ten.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2018/06/08/airbus-c-series-deal-closes-july-1-presents-challenges-for-boeing-embraer/ |title= Airbus–C Series deal closes July 1; presents challenges for Boeing, Embraer |date= 8 June 2018 |work= Leeham News |access-date= 9 June 2018 |archive-date= 18 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180718203146/https://leehamnews.com/2018/06/08/airbus-c-series-deal-closes-july-1-presents-challenges-for-boeing-embraer/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Airbus CFO predicted a production potential of more than 100 A220 per year.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/a220-has-treble-figure-annual-production-potential-450683/ |title= A220 has treble-figure annual production potential |date= 26 July 2018 |author-first1= David |author-last1=Kaminski Morrow |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 26 July 2018 |archive-date= 27 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180727115938/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/a220-has-treble-figure-annual-production-potential-450683/ |url-status= live }}</ref> The company targeted over 100 orders of A220 in 2018 and 3,000 over 20 years, half of the 100- to 150-seat market, and needed a supply chain cost reduction over 10%.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-07-10/airbus-seeks-100-plus-orders-for-bombardier-jet-now-called-a220 |title= Airbus Seeks 100-Plus Orders for Bombardier Jet Now Called A220 |author-first1= Benjamin D |author-last1=Katz |date= 10 July 2018 |agency= bloomberg |access-date= 11 July 2018 |archive-date= 25 September 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180925192017/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-07-10/airbus-seeks-100-plus-orders-for-bombardier-jet-now-called-a220 |url-status= live }}</ref> It then sought to reduce costs from all suppliers, including Bombardier, wing builder Short Brothers and engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney, and had reportedly pushed its suppliers to lower their prices by 20% for more volume, or to switch them, towards 150 yearly deliveries.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.lesechos.fr/industrie-services/air-defense/0302029905510-airbus-reclame-20-de-baisse-des-prix-aux-fournisseurs-de-la220-2194935.php |title= Airbus réclame 20 % de baisse des prix aux fournisseurs de l'A220 |author-first1= Buno |author-last1=Trévidic |date= 27 July 2018 |newspaper= Les Echos |language= fr |access-date= 3 August 2018 |archive-date= 28 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180728114004/https://www.lesechos.fr/industrie-services/air-defense/0302029905510-airbus-reclame-20-de-baisse-des-prix-aux-fournisseurs-de-la220-2194935.php |url-status= live }}</ref>
As of January 2019, the A220 suppliers were Liebherr for the landing gear, air management system and pneumatics; UTC Aerospace for the electrical system and lighting; Parker for the fuel, hydraulics and fly by wire systems, Goodrich for the engine nacelle; Meggitt for the wheels and brakes; Michelin for the tires; Spirit for the pylons; Honeywell for the APU; and PPG supplies the windows.<ref>{{cite news |author=Airbus |date=14 January 2019 |title=A220 global partners |url=https://twitter.com/LeehamNews/status/1084837120517246976/ |url-status=live |access-date=15 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114857/https://twitter.com/LeehamNews/status/1084837120517246976/ |archive-date=27 May 2021 |via=Scott Hamilton}}</ref> Supplier costs could be cut by 30–40% through Airbus's market power, as a 10% procurement costs decrease would add six gross margin points to the programme.<ref name="AvWeek27Oct2017" /> Airbus waited to win several new orders before increasing pressure on suppliers and catching their attention in 2019 with the sale of 135 A220s to U.S. airlines, including a follow-up order from Delta.<ref name="reuters150119" /> The market share was split between 80% A220-300 and 20% A220-100.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/14/a220-wins-180-etops/ |title= A220 wins 180 ETOPS |date= 14 January 2019 |work= Leeham News |access-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190115182146/https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/14/a220-wins-180-etops/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Delivery rates continued to climb with the new brand, reaching a total output of 33 in 2018, and then rising to 48 A220 in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=A220 cost reductions on 'track' as Airbus seeks to make the Quebec programme profitable |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/a220-cost-reductions-on-track-as-airbus-seeks-to-make-the-quebec-programme-profitable/136164.article |access-date=22 February 2020 |work=Flight Global |date=15 January 2020 |language=en |archive-date=22 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222012126/https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/a220-cost-reductions-on-track-as-airbus-seeks-to-make-the-quebec-programme-profitable/136164.article |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Airbus Mobile Engineering Center 2020.jpg|thumb|The second production facility, Airbus Mobile, in Mobile, Alabama started deliveries in 2020.]] The groundbreaking ceremony for the $300{{nbsp}}million final assembly line (FAL) at the Airbus Mobile plant in Mobile, Alabama was held on 16 January 2019;<ref name="AirWays16jan2019">{{cite news |url= https://airwaysmag.com/manufacturer/airbus-breaks-ground-a220-mobile/ |title= Airbus Breaks Ground: New A220 FAL in Mobile |date= 16 January 2019 |author-first1= Chris |author-last1=Sloan |author2= James Field |work= Airways International |access-date= 17 January 2019 |archive-date= 17 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190117181357/https://airwaysmag.com/manufacturer/airbus-breaks-ground-a220-mobile/ |url-status= live }}</ref> on this occasion Airbus confirmed its confidence that there is enough demand to justify two assembly sites and that the airliner can be profitable.<ref name="fg-20190117">{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=ANALYSIS: Airbus lifts A220's future with Mobile groundbreaking |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-airbus-lifts-a220s-future-with-mobile-gro-455082/ |work=Flightglobal.com |date=17 January 2019 |access-date=17 January 2019 |archive-date=17 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117232622/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-airbus-lifts-a220s-future-with-mobile-gro-455082/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 5 August 2019, production started at the Mobile facility,<ref>{{cite journal |title=Airbus in Alabama: A220 Production Begins |journal=Airliner World |volume=October 2019 |page=16}}</ref> which was not due to be finished until 2020; work started early to ensure that the first delivery schedule could be met.<ref name="Airbus20190805">{{cite press release |title=Airbus begins U.S. production of A220 aircraft |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/08/airbus-begins-us-production-of-a220-aircraft.html |publisher=Airbus |date=5 August 2019 |access-date=6 August 2019 |archive-date=6 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806065211/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/08/airbus-begins-us-production-of-a220-aircraft.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="avweek-20190117">{{cite news |last1=Norris |first1=Guy |title=Airbus A320, A220 Evolution Considered As Mobile Expands |url=https://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airbus-a320-a220-evolution-considered-mobile-expands |work=Aviation Week Network |date=17 January 2019 |access-date=17 January 2019 |archive-date=27 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527091153/https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/airbus-a320-a220-evolution-considered-mobile-expands |url-status=live }}</ref>
The removal of Bombardier's financial constraints in February 2020 gave Airbus greater latitude for further investment in the programme,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Flottau |first1=Jens |title=Bombardier Sells Remaining A220 Shareholding To Airbus, Quebec |url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport-aircraft-propulsion/bombardier-sells-remaining-a220-shareholding-airbus-quebec |work=Aviation Week Network |date=13 February 2020 |access-date=13 February 2020 |archive-date=13 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213092715/https://aviationweek.com/air-transport-aircraft-propulsion/bombardier-sells-remaining-a220-shareholding-airbus-quebec |url-status=live }}</ref> which will be needed to ramp up production rates, though this will push back the break-even point of the programme to the mid-2020s.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=A220 break-even pushed back to mid-2020s |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/a220-break-even-pushed-back-to-mid-2020s/136753.article |work=Flight Global |date=13 February 2020 |access-date=14 February 2020 |archive-date=13 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813004739/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/a220-break-even-pushed-back-to-mid-2020s/136753.article |url-status=live }}</ref> On 2 June 2020, the first A220 produced in Alabama completed its first flight. By that date, production of the first aircraft for JetBlue Airways had also started.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/first-a220-assembled-in-mobile-takes-flight/138659.article |title= First A220 assembled in Mobile takes flight |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |date= 3 June 2020 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 3 June 2020 |archive-date= 3 June 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200603095335/https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/first-a220-assembled-in-mobile-takes-flight/138659.article |url-status= live }}</ref> The first US-assembled A220 aircraft, an A220-300, was delivered to Delta on 22 October 2020.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Airbus delivers its first U.S.-assembled A220 from Mobile, Alabama |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2020/10/airbus-delivers-its-first-usassembled-a220-from-mobile-alabama.html |publisher=Airbus |date=22 October 2020 |access-date=23 October 2020 |archive-date=27 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027004532/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2020/10/airbus-delivers-its-first-usassembled-a220-from-mobile-alabama.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In January 2021, as Airbus reviewed its production rates following a shift in demand away from wide-bodies affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the A220 was expected to reach a production rate of five aircraft per month by the end of the first quarter as previously foreseen.<ref>{{Cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2021/01/airbus-updates-production-rates-in-response-to-market-environment.html |title= Airbus updates production rates in response to market environment |location= Toulouse |date= 21 January 2021 |publisher= Airbus |access-date= 20 February 2021 |archive-date= 3 March 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210303123721/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2021/01/airbus-updates-production-rates-in-response-to-market-environment.html |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Airbus strives for break-even on A220 and low-rate twin-aisles |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/airbus-strives-for-break-even-on-a220-and-low-rate-twin-aisles/142484.article |work=Flight Global |date=18 February 2021 |access-date=18 February 2021 |archive-date=18 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218120718/https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/airbus-strives-for-break-even-on-a220-and-low-rate-twin-aisles/142484.article |url-status=live }}</ref> In May 2021, Airbus targeted a production rate of six per month from early 2022, and intends to reach 14 (ten in Quebec and four in Alabama) per month by the middle of the decade to be profitable.<ref name="reuters150119">{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-airbus-canada-idUSKCN1P81VE |title= Airbus steps up pressure on suppliers over Canadian jet |author-first1= Tim |author-last1=Hepher |date= 14 January 2019 |work= Reuters |access-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190115065756/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-airbus-canada-idUSKCN1P81VE |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="flightglobal270521">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/airbus-looks-to-take-monthly-a320neo-output-to-64-within-two-years/143924.article |title= Airbus looks to take monthly A320neo output to 64 within two years |author-first1= David |author-last1=Kaminski-Morrow |date= 27 May 2021 |work= Flightglobal}}</ref>
On 10 January 2022, Airbus introduced a "sub-assembly line"<ref name="5yrsA220"/> or the ''A220 pre-FAL'',<ref name="A220_2022file">{{cite news |date=September 2023 |title=A220 Facts and Figures |publisher=Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-09/Airbus-A220-Facts-and-Figures-September-2023_0.pdf}}</ref> a U-shaped pre-assembly line with four stations used for preparatory work and seven for the actual equipping, in order to install systems earlier, stabilising the production process. The equipped fuselage sections are then moved to the FAL in Mirabel or in Mobile at a rate of six per month as of November 2022.<ref name="aviationweek141122">{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/special-topics/crossover-narrowbody-jets/airbus-prepares-much-higher-a220-rates-new-versions |title= Airbus Prepares For Much Higher A220 Rates, New Versions |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau |date= 14 November 2022 |work= Aviationweek}}</ref> These investments had accelerated A220 production and confirmed that the programme is on track to reach its target rate of 14 aircraft per month by mid-decade.<ref name="5yrsA220"/> After 1,600 new hires over the last two years, an increase of 75%, a total of 3,500 employees were working on the A220 programme in Quebec as of July 2024.<ref name="Newswire0724"/> The 100th US-assembled A220 aircraft, an A220-300, was delivered to Breeze Airways on 23 July 2025.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Meier |first=Ricardo |date=23 July 2025 |title=Airbus Delivers 100th A220 Assembled in the US to Breeze Airways |url=https://www.airdatanews.com/airbus-delivers-100th-a220-assembled-in-the-us-to-breeze-airways/ |access-date=25 July 2025 |work=Air Data News.}}</ref>
=== Further development ===
==== Performance improvements ==== After beating performance promises by 3%, ''performance improvement packages'' shaving operating costs were explored prior to the Airbus partnership; these could include putting doors on the exposed main wheels, reducing drag but adding weight and complexity,<ref name="Leeham170119">{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/17/pips-planned-for-a220-to-improve-operating-costs/ |title= PIPs planned for A220 to improve operating costs |date= 17 January 2019 |work= Leeham News |access-date= 17 January 2019 |archive-date= 14 August 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200814084610/https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/17/pips-planned-for-a220-to-improve-operating-costs/ |url-status= live }}</ref> and adding two to three more seats by moving the aft lavatory, without reducing the seat pitch.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/21/pontifications-the-airbus-north-america-tour/ |title= The Airbus North America Tour |author-first1= Scott |author-last1=Hamilton |date= 21 January 2019 |work= Leeham News |access-date= 21 January 2019 |archive-date= 21 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190121233036/https://leehamnews.com/2019/01/21/pontifications-the-airbus-north-america-tour/ |url-status= live }}</ref> On 21 May 2019, Airbus announced a {{cvt|2,268|kg}} MTOW increase from the second half of 2020, from {{cvt|60.8 to 63.1|t|lb}} for the A220-100 and {{cvt|67.6 to 69.9|t|lb}} for the A220-300, expanding the range by {{cvt|450|nmi}} to: {{cvt|3,400|nmi}} for the A220-100 and {{cvt|3,350|nmi}} for the A220-300.<ref name="Airbus21may2019">{{cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/05/airbus-announces-major-performance-improvement-to-its-latest-singleaisle-aircraft--the-a220-family.html |title= Airbus announces major performance improvement to its latest single-aisle aircraft – the A220 Family |publisher= Airbus |date= 21 May 2019 |access-date= 21 May 2019 |archive-date= 21 May 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190521124926/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/05/airbus-announces-major-performance-improvement-to-its-latest-singleaisle-aircraft--the-a220-family.html |url-status= live }}</ref> With the Airbus ruleset ({{cvt|90|kg|lb}} passengers with bags, 3% enroute reserve, {{cvt|200|nmi}} alternate and 30 minutes hold), the 108-seat A220-100 could reach {{cvt|3,800|nmi}} and the 130-seat A220-300 would achieve a range of {{cvt|3,500|nmi}} while being limited by its fuel capacity. With a denser economy seating at a 30-inch pitch down from 32, a 116-seat A220-100 would still reach {{cvt|3,700|nmi}} and a 141-seat A220-300 would exceed {{cvt|3,350|nmi}}.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2019/05/30/airbus-a220-gets-increased-range/ |title= Airbus' A220 gets increased range next year |work= Leeham news |date= 30 May 2019 |access-date= 5 June 2019 |archive-date= 27 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114849/https://leehamnews.com/2019/05/30/airbus-a220-gets-increased-range/ |url-status= live }}</ref>
In February 2020, Airbus announced an increase in payload capacity, achieved through a {{cvt|1.8|t|lb}} increase in the maximum zero-fuel weight and maximum landing weight of both the -100 and the -300, to be introduced as an option from 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Airbus to hike maximum zero-fuel weight on A220 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/programmes/airbus-to-hike-maximum-zero-fuel-weight-on-a220/136499.article |work=Flight Global |date=3 February 2020 |access-date=3 February 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203122625/https://www.flightglobal.com/programmes/airbus-to-hike-maximum-zero-fuel-weight-on-a220/136499.article |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2021, David Neeleman's Breeze Airways project should receive A220-300s with extra fuel tanks for {{cvt|4,000|nmi}} of range, allowing transatlantic flights or long routes like Orlando–Curitiba, Brazil, more range than the A321LR with 70% lower trip costs than A330s.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/crossover-narrowbody-jets/neeleman-set-another-us-airline-operating-used-e195s |title= Neeleman To Set Up Another U.S. Airline Operating Used E195s |date= Sep 12, 2019 |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 13 September 2019 |archive-date= 27 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114859/https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/aircraft-propulsion/neeleman-set-another-us-airline-operating-used-e195s |url-status= live}}</ref>
In March 2021, Airbus offered a further {{cvt|1|t|lb}} increase to the MTOW of the A220-300, to {{cvt|70.9|t|lb}}, available from mid-2021 and providing another {{cvt|200|nmi}} of additional range to {{cvt|3550|nmi}}. On long routes the payload will be increased by about {{cvt|900|kg|lb}}.<ref name="MTOW70.9">{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Airbus extracts more range from A220-300 with further weight increase |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/airbus-extracts-more-range-from-a220-300-with-further-weight-increase/143001.article |work=Flight Global |date=23 March 2021 |access-date=23 March 2021 |archive-date=23 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323183555/https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/airbus-extracts-more-range-from-a220-300-with-further-weight-increase/143001.article |url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2022, Airbus finally worked on the highest passenger capacity versions, i.e. the 160-seat ''high-density'' A220-300,<ref name="aviationweek141122" /> as well as 135-seat ''high-density'' A220-100.<ref name="A220_2024file" />
At the Aircraft Interiors Expo in April 2025, Airbus launched the A220 Airspace cabin with Air Canada, which would receive its first A220 with this improved cabin in March 2026.<ref name="AirSpace">{{Cite news |last=Dubois |first=Thierry |date=8 April 2025 |title=Airbus Launches A220 Airspace Cabin with Air Canada |url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/interiors-connectivity/airbus-launches-a220-airspace-cabin-air-canada |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=Aviation Week}}</ref>
==== Business jet (ACJ TwoTwenty) ==== [[File:EBACE 2023, Le Grand-Saconnex (EB237556).jpg|thumb|The first delivered ACJ TwoTwenty, during EBACE 2023 in Geneva]] In October 2020, Airbus announced an Airbus Corporate Jets (ACJ) variant of the A220-100, to be known as the ACJ TwoTwenty, with a range of {{cvt|5650|nmi}} and cabin space of {{cvt|73|sqm}} for 18 passengers.<ref name="ACJ TwoTwenty PR">{{cite press release |title=Airbus Corporate Jets launches ACJ TwoTwenty business jet |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2020/10/airbus-corporate-jets-launches-acj-twotwenty-business-jet.html |website=Airbus |date=6 October 2020 |access-date=7 October 2020 |archive-date=8 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008120420/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2020/10/airbus-corporate-jets-launches-acj-twotwenty-business-jet.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 17 May 2021, the first section of the ACJ TwoTwenty, the mid-fuselage section, had arrived at the A220 Final Assembly Line in Mirabel within the programme time frame and marked the start of the first Airbus corporate jet ever assembled in Canada.<ref name="ACJ220_FALstart">{{cite news |title=Airbus welcomes first ACJ TwoTwenty section in Mirabel / Canada |url=https://canadianaviationnews.wordpress.com/2021/05/17/airbus-welcomes-first-acj-twotwenty-section-in-mirabel-canada/ |work=Canadian Aviation News |date=17 May 2021 |access-date=18 May 2021 |archive-date=18 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518061116/https://canadianaviationnews.wordpress.com/2021/05/17/airbus-welcomes-first-acj-twotwenty-section-in-mirabel-canada/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The business jet made its first flight on 14 December 2021, before delivery to Comlux to be outfitted with a VIP cabin in Indianapolis.<ref>{{cite press release |url= https://airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2021-12-newly-launched-acj-twotwenty-completes-first-flight |date= 14 December 2021 |title= Newly launched ACJ TwoTwenty completes first flight |publisher= Airbus}}</ref>
==== Stretched variant (A220-500 or A221) ==== In May 2015, ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported that a stretched variant, tentatively dubbed the ''CS500'', was being studied to compete with the 160- to 180-seat versions of the Boeing 737 and A320 airliners.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/bombardier-weighs-third-cseries-jet-model-1432239757 |title= Bombardier Weighs Third CSeries Jet Model |first= Jon |last= Ostrower |date= 21 May 2015 |newspaper= The Wall Street Journal |location= New York |access-date= 5 March 2017 |archive-date= 31 December 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161231124057/http://www.wsj.com/articles/bombardier-weighs-third-cseries-jet-model-1432239757 |url-status= live }}</ref> The existing wing would be capable of supporting such a stretched version.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gubisch |first1=Michael |title=Bombardier confirms CSeries wing could accommodate larger variant |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-confirms-cseries-wing-could-accommodate-l-427129/ |work=Flightglobal.com |date=8 July 2016 |access-date=6 August 2019 |archive-date=6 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806081716/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-confirms-cseries-wing-could-accommodate-l-427129/ |url-status=live }}</ref> After the Airbus partnership in 2018, the possible stretched variant was appropriately renamed the ''A220-500'', which would allow Airbus to enlarge its A320-family replacement to better compete with the proposed Boeing New Midsize Airplane.<ref name="AvWeek27Oct2017">{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airbusbombardier-c-series-deal-has-broad-implications |title= Airbus/Bombardier C Series Deal Has Broad Implications |date= 27 October 2017 |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau|author-first2= Graham |author-last2=Warwick |author-first3= Guy |author-last3=Norris |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date= 30 October 2017 |archive-date= 30 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171030184904/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/airbusbombardier-c-series-deal-has-broad-implications |url-status= live }}</ref> In January 2019, Airbus hinted that a larger A220 variant could be developed, owing to ramped-up production and market demand for the current production models.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=Airbus open to developing larger version of A220 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-open-to-developing-larger-version-of-a220-455067/ |work=Flightglobal |date=16 January 2019 |access-date=17 January 2019 |archive-date=23 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123175308/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-open-to-developing-larger-version-of-a220-455067/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Speculation about a stretched variant continued in November, with Air France mentioning an A220-500 during an investor briefing on its modernisation strategy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Will Air France fleet renewal include stretched A220? |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/flight-international-opinion/will-air-france-fleet-renewal-include-stretched-a220/135240.article |work=Flightglobal |date=8 November 2019 }}</ref>
In January 2022, Luxembourg flag carrier Luxair expressed interest in the A220-500 as the airline sought to simplify its operations and avoid operating a mixed fleet of narrow-body aircraft, similarly to airBaltic, which was also said to be looking forward to the stretched variant to complement its A220-300 fleet, while Breeze Airways eyed a longer-range variant.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Venckunas |first1=Valius |title=Luxair eyes Airbus A220-500, the most wanted non-existent aircraft |url=https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/29982-luxair-joins-airlines-eyeing-airbus-a220-500 |work=Aerotime Hub |date=15 January 2022 }}</ref> In the same month, following Allegiant Air's decision to walk away from the A220, due in part to the uncertainty surrounding the launch of the A220-500, Airbus CCO Christian Scherer said the stretched A220 variant was planned, although it was not an agenda item for a short-term decision.<ref>{{cite news |last=Unnikrishnan |first=Madhu |date=10 January 2022 |title=Airbus Uncertain of Timeline For Stretched A220 |url=https://airlineweekly.com/2022/01/airbus-uncertain-of-timeline-for-stretched-a220/ |work=Airline Weekly }}</ref> In July, Airbus solicited an engine proposal from Pratt & Whitney and CFM International as a possible second supplier for the newly stretched variant, as well as the existing variants.<ref>{{cite news |work= The air current |title=Airbus advances A220-500 strategy around transcon and possible second engine |url=https://theaircurrent.com/aircraft-development/airbus-advances-a220-500-strategy-transcon-engine-cfm/ |date=21 July 2022 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> In September, Airbus CEO Guillaume Faury signalled to investors at Capital Markets Day that a stretched variant is necessary to increase the A220 family's share of the narrowbody market,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1= David |title=A220-500 would turn twinjet into 'powerful' product range: Airbus chief |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/a220-500-would-turn-twinjet-into-powerful-product-range-airbus-chief/150311.article |work= Flightglobal |date=23 September 2022 }}</ref> adding, "but we don't want to be right too early".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Meier |first1= Ricardo |title=Airbus admits launching the A220-500 |url=https://www.airdatanews.com/airbus-admits-launching-the-a220-500/ |work= Air Data News |date=23 September 2022 }}</ref> The A220-500 could be launched only once the production is geared up and the programme is profitable.<ref name="aviationweek141122" /> If launched in 2025, it would enter service in 2028–2029 and Airbus could accept the risk for the A320neo backlog, more so as Boeing is not expected to launch a new narrowbody before 2030.<ref name="aviationweek141122" /> Another issue is that with the same wing and uprated engines, the A220-500 would have a shorter range than the -300 variant, which essentially has the same range as the A320neo of 3,400 nmi, less than the Boeing 737 MAX 8 advertised by Boeing at 3,550 nmi. Increasing the range to at least the level of the A320neo would require extensive modification work, making development more expensive and reducing the aircraft's competitiveness.<ref name="aviationweek2340123">{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/aircraft-propulsion/daily-memo-airbus-not-so-simple-a220-stretch-scenarios |title= Daily Memo: Airbus' Not So Simple A220 Stretch Scenarios |author-first1= Jens |author-last1=Flottau |date= 23 January 2023 |work= Aviationweek}}</ref>
In May 2023, Bloomberg reported that Airbus was reviewing the proposed stretched variant to compete more directly with the 737 MAX 8 and free up space for more A321 production.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-05 |title=Airbus Bets on a Stretched A220 Jet to Beat Boeing's 737 |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-05/airbus-hopes-to-jump-boeing-with-redesigned-a220 |access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> The concept, which Airbus now calls ''the A221'', is gaining clarity as the company mulls an upgrade to the A220 wing design and accelerates design studies. These efforts aim to meet growing market demand and improve the aircraft's overall performance to become a more distinct model within the A220 Family.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 2023 |title=The Airbus A221 begins to come into focus |work=theaircurrent.com |url=https://theaircurrent.com/aircraft-development/the-airbus-a221-begins-to-come-into-focus/ |access-date=27 June 2023}}</ref> At the 2025 Paris Air Show, Benoît Schultz, CEO of Airbus Canada LP, said the company would have completed “very advanced studies” on the A221 by the end of the year, addressing the question of whether a new engine would be needed.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Flottau |first=Jens |date=19 June 2025 |title=Airbus A220 Stretch Studies Focus On Whether New Engine Is Needed |url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/aircraft-propulsion/airbus-a220-stretch-studies-focus-whether-new-engine-needed |access-date=24 August 2025 |work=Aviation Week}}</ref> Lars Wagner, the new CEO of Airbus Commercial Airplanes, told Reuters in January 2026 that he favored the new variant, which could accommodate 165 passengers in a single-class configuration. Within Airbus, the debate centered on whether to opt for a "simple" stretched version or one with a larger wing and more powerful engines. While a simple stretch trades range for capacity, it is likely the preferred option.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hamilton |first=Scott |date=19 February 2026 |title=Airbus leans toward launching "A220-500", but faces challenges |url=https://leehamnews.com/2026/02/19/airbus-leans-toward-launching-a220-500-but-faces-challenges/ |access-date=22 February 2026 |website=Leeham News and Analysis |language=en-US}}</ref> After ordering 150 A220-300s in May, AirAsia has expressed interest in a stretched version,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Seth |date=2026-05-07 |title=AirAsia Goes Big–and Wants Bigger–with Airbus A220 Order |url=https://paxex.aero/airasia-airbus-a220-order/ |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=PaxEx.Aero}}</ref> and could double its order if Airbus produces this A220-500 variant.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-05-06 |title=AirAsia hungry for more Airbus A220 jets after historic multi-billion-dollar order |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-airbus-airasia-150-canadian-made-jets-deal/ |access-date=2026-05-07 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-10 |title=Airbus with ambitious plans for A220, according to reports |url=https://www.airdatanews.com/airbus-with-ambitious-plans-for-a220-according-to-reports/ |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Air Data News |language=en}}</ref>
=== Further certification === In December 2018, the EASA approved Category IIIa/IIIb instrument approaches for autolanding the A220 with no decision height but runway visibility minimum requirements.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-a220-obtains-cat-iii-autoland-approval-454077/ |title= Airbus A220 obtains Cat III autoland approval |date= 3 December 2018 |author-first1= David |author-last1=Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 3 December 2018 |archive-date= 3 December 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181203202713/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-a220-obtains-cat-iii-autoland-approval-454077/ |url-status= live }}</ref>
In January 2019, A220 powered with PW1500G gained ETOPS 180 approval from Transport Canada, allowing direct routes over water or remote regions.<ref>{{cite news|title=Airbus A220 Gains ETOPS 180 Approval|url=https://airwaysmag.com/manufacturer/airbus-a220-gains-etops-180-approval/|work=Airways Magazine|date=14 January 2019|access-date=15 February 2021|archive-date=6 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206002355/https://airwaysmag.com/manufacturer/airbus-a220-gains-etops-180-approval/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/01/a220-airliner-wins-approval-from-transport-canada-for-180-minutes-etops-capability.html |title= A220 airliner wins approval from Transport Canada for 180 minutes ETOPS capability |date= 14 January 2019 |publisher= Airbus |access-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-date= 15 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190115132540/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/01/a220-airliner-wins-approval-from-transport-canada-for-180-minutes-etops-capability.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The A220 was the first commercial airliner to obtain domestic ETOPS certification from Transport Canada.<ref>{{cite news|title=Airbus A330neo and A220 approved for ETOPS|url=https://www.aviationnewsjournal.com/news1/airbus-a330neo-and-a220-approved-for-etops|work=Aviation News Journal|date=5 February 2019|access-date=14 July 2021|archive-date=14 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714041149/https://www.aviationnewsjournal.com/news1/airbus-a330neo-and-a220-approved-for-etops|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In July 2021, the EASA had officially approved an increase in the A220-300's maximum seating to 149 passengers, subject to a modification on an overwing exit slide.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/easa-clears-a220-300-to-take-up-to-149-passengers/144776.article |title= EASA clears A220-300 to take up to 149 passengers |date= 27 July 2021 |author-first1= David |author-last1=Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 3 September 2021 }}</ref> In September 2021, Airbus entered into talks with the Civil Aviation Administration of China over the certification of the A220 in order to enter the large Chinese aviation market, particularly in the western part of the country.<ref name="AeroTime29Sept2021">{{cite news |url= https://www.aerotime.aero/29032-airbus-in-talks-with-china-over-a220-certification |title= Airbus in talks with China over potential A220 certification |date= 28 September 2021 |author-first1= Gabriele |author-last1=Petrauskaite |work= AeroTime Hub |access-date= 29 September 2021 |archive-date= 28 September 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210928232541/https://www.aerotime.aero/29032-airbus-in-talks-with-china-over-a220-certification |url-status= dead }}</ref> At the 2023 Dubai Airshow, Airbus confirmed that it is seeking certification of the A220-300 for steep approach landings at London City Airport (LCY).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Boynton |first=Christine |date=13 November 2023 |title=AirBaltic Orders 30 A220-300s As Airbus Works On LCY Certification |work=/Aviationweek |url=https://aviationweek.com/shownews/dubai-airshow/airbaltic-orders-30-a220-300s-airbus-works-lcy-certification |access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref> In June 2025, Airbus was to begin certification work on the 160-seat ''high-density'' A220-300, having learned much from the A320neo, including ''"enhanced climb derate"'', which reduces engine usage during climb, increasing time on the wing, while maintaining maximum climb capability, and ''"dual motoring to start"'', which allows crews to start both engines more quickly at the gate.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=12 June 2025 |title=Airbus prepares to start certification work on 160-seat A220 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/airbus-prepares-to-start-certification-work-on-160-seat-a220/163323.article |access-date=6 July 2025 |work=Flight Global.}}</ref>
== Design == The Airbus A220 family is a five-abreast single-aisle airliner developed specifically for the 100- to 150-seat market segment between regional airliners and mainline airliners, which includes two models, the {{cvt|35|m|ft|0}} long A220-100 and the larger, {{cvt|38.71|m|ft|0}} long A220-300.<ref name="A220UniqueDesign">{{Cite news |date=10 July 2018 |title=Airbus Introduces the A220-100 and A220-300 |url=https://www.airline-suppliers.com/airbus-introduces-the-a220-100-and-a220-300/ |access-date=28 July 2023 |work=Airline Suppliers}}</ref> The design goal of the unique aircraft was to improve fuel efficiency, as well as operating costs, passenger comfort and range while reducing noise and emissions.<ref name="A220DesignFeatures">{{cite web |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/passenger-aircraft/a220-family |title= A220 Family - Purpose built for efficiency|website= www.airbus.com|date= 16 June 2021|access-date=5 August 2023}}</ref> These environmental benefits make the A220 family aircraft suitable for urban operations and noise-sensitive airports.<ref name="A220DesignFeatures"/>
===Airframe=== thumb|Planform view of an Airbus A220-300 showing exposed wheel wells and moderate wing sweep
Commonality between both variants of the A220 family is over 99%. To support higher loads, the A220-300's wing and centre wing box are structurally reinforced, as is the centre fuselage, which is {{cvt|3.4|m|ft}} longer than the -100 variant, and the main landing gear.<ref name="A220 Commonality">{{cite web |url= https://services.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/fast/Airbus-FAST63.pdf |publisher= Airbus technical magazine |title= A220 Family – the story so far |date= 30 April 2019 |access-date= 4 December 2020 |archive-date= 27 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114852/https://services.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/fast/Airbus-FAST63.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> Extensive use of aluminium–lithium in the fuselage, and carbon composite in wings, empennage, rear fuselage section, and engine nacelles reduces weight and increases corrosion resistance, resulting in better maintainability.<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100" /><ref name="AirbusPresA220-300" /> The overall airframe consists of 70% advanced lightweight materials, comprising 46% composite materials and 24% aluminium–lithium.<ref name="A220_2022file" /> The aircraft features a low drag nose and tailcone design, minimum fuselage wetted area and optimised wing aerodynamics.<ref name="A220_2022file" />
The nose landing gear is common for both variants, while the -300 main landing gear is slightly reinforced. The -100 has three pairs of disc brakes, the -300 one more.<ref name="A220 Commonality" />
=== Cabin === thumb|Five-abreast cabin and {{cvt|18.5|in|cm}} wide economy seats
The five-abreast cabin cross section has {{cvt|18.5|in|cm|1|order=flip}} wide economy seats, {{cvt|19|in|cm|1|order=flip}} wide middle seats, and a {{cvt|20|in|cm|1|order=flip}} wide aisle for fast turnarounds of 20{{nbsp}}minutes. The rotating overhead bins offer {{cvt|70|L|cuft}} of storage per passenger to allow one carry-on bag per passenger. Each row has power cables, so all seats are equipped with charging capabilities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introducing Air Canada's A220 |url=https://www.aircanada.com/ca/en/aco/home/fly/onboard/fleet/a220.html |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=www.aircanada.com |language=en-ca}}</ref> Lavatories have improved accessibility for passengers with reduced mobility.<ref name="A220_2022file" /> Two ''flex zones'' allow modular cabin elements such as stowage areas and partitions to be customised.<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100" /><ref name="AirbusPresA220-300" /> The cabin is lighted naturally through {{cvt|11x16|in|cm|order=flip}} windows (larger than those on the A320<ref>{{Cite web |last=Welt |first=Flying |date=2023-07-24 |title=Airbus A220: Redefining the Future of Regional Aviation |url=https://www.flyingwelt.com/2023/07/airbus-a220-redefining-the-future-of-regional-aviation/ |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=Flying Welt |language=en-US}}</ref>) at every seat row and artificially by customisable colour LEDs. The aircraft offers overhead video display, wireless content distribution and Ku band connectivity, and can be equipped with in-flight-entertainment.<ref name="A220_2022file" /> The onboard environment, entertainment offerings and mood lighting are controlled via an integrated cabin management system.<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100" /><ref name="AirbusPresA220-300" />
It has a {{cvt|4|in|cm|order=flip}} higher ceiling as well as 20% larger luggage bins than other aircraft in its class.{{vague|reason=which other aircraft in its class?|date=February 2023}} The seat is {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|1}} wider than the Airbus A320 and {{cvt|5.0|cm|in}} wider than the Boeing 737.<ref name="A220 Commonality" /> The new ''A220 Airspace XL'' bins would offer up to 19 additional passenger bags on the A220-300 and accommodate longer and heavier payload items thanks to the four-frame design.<ref name="A220Airspace">{{cite press release |title=A220 steps into the Airspace Family with new cabin design features |url=https://aircraft.airbus.com/en/newsroom/news/2023-06-a220-steps-into-the-airspace-family-with-new-cabin-design-features |date=6 June 2023 |publisher=Airbus}}</ref> The bins would also reduce maintenance and the effort for cabin crew to close the bin doors, resulting in an overall shorter turnaround time and about {{convert|300|lb|kg|order=flip|adj=on}} lighter cabin structure.<ref name="A220Airspace" /> To complement the Airspace XL bins, an improved Passenger Service Unit (PSU) was developed in line with the Airspace design.<ref name="AirSpace" />
=== Cockpit === [[File:AirBaltic Bombardier CS300 maintenance (33221388195).jpg|thumb|Cockpit with side-stick controller]]
The cockpit features the Rockwell Collins Pro Line Fusion avionics suite, which incorporates five {{cvt|15.1|in|cm|order=flip}} displays along with comprehensive navigation, communications, surveillance, engine-indicating and crew-alerting system (EICAS), electronic checklist, aircraft maintenance systems,<ref>{{cite press release |title= Bombardier Selects Rockwell Collins Pro Line Fusion(TM) for CSeries |url= http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20080713005026/en/Bombardier-Selects-Rockwell-Collins-Pro-Line-Fusion |date= 13 July 2008 |publisher= Rockwell Collins |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304195639/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20080713005026/en/Bombardier-Selects-Rockwell-Collins-Pro-Line-Fusion |url-status= live }}</ref> and can be equipped with head-up displays.<ref name="A220 Commonality" /> Other elements of the avionics and other subsystems include Parker Hannifin's flight control, fuel and hydraulics systems; Liebherr Aerospace's air management system; and United Technologies Corporation's air data system, flap and slat actuation systems.<ref name="flight1June2009" /> The cockpit includes a dual flight management system, multi-scan weather radar, fly-by-wire flight controls with full envelope protection & speed stabilisation, Cat IIIa Autoland, and side-stick controllers. The cockpit layout is common to the -100 and the -300 variants, enabling pilots to fly either variant with the same type rating.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/cockpits |title=Commercial aircraft. Cockpits|website=www.airbus.com|date=16 June 2021 |access-date=2023-02-07}}</ref>
===Engine=== [[File:Bombardier CS100 (22836277953).jpg|thumb|PW1500G geared turbofan mounted under the wing]]
The A220 is powered by two Pratt & Whitney PW1500G underwing turbofans.<ref name="A220_2022file" /> Its geared turbofan (GTF) architecture and advanced engine core improves efficiency and reduces the stage and parts count.<ref name="PW1500Gpresskit" /> The PW1500G has a 20 dB margin to Chapter IV noise limits, and high-efficiency components and advanced combustor technologies reduce {{CO2}} and NOx emissions.<ref name="PW1500Gpresskit">{{cite web |url= https://filecache.mediaroom.com/mr5mr_prattwhitney/177481/download/PW1500G.S16310.K.05.17.pdf |title= PurePower PW1500G Engine |publisher= Pratt & Whitney }}</ref> It was certified in February 2013, the first variant in the PW1000G range.<ref name="PW1500Gpresskit" /> At that time, the PW1500G was the turbofan engine with the highest bypass ratio (BPR) of 12:1,<ref name="PW1500Gpresskit" /> only slightly lower than the 12.5:1 BPR of the later released PW1100G powering the A320neo family.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mtu.de/engines/commercial-aircraft-engines/narrowbody-and-regional-jets/pw1000g/ |title= PW1000G |publisher= MTU |access-date= 2016-05-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180818154807/https://www.mtu.de/engines/commercial-aircraft-engines/narrowbody-and-regional-jets/pw1000g/ |archive-date= 2018-08-18 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Each engine can produce {{cvt|84.5|to|104|kN|lb(f)}} of thrust flat rated at ISA +15 °C.<ref name="PW1500Gpresskit" /> The PW1500G was designed to reach 12% better fuel economy than previous generation engines.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/14/business/worldbusiness/14air.html |title= A New Bombardier Jet Draws Only Tepid Demand |newspaper= The New York Times |date= 14 July 2008 }}</ref><!-- consistent with "Double-digit fuel burn reduction"-->
=== Efficiency === The A220 manufacturer states that the structural technology, aerodynamic design, ultra-high bypass GTF engine, and state-of-the-art flight control and systems together can save fuel burn per seat, {{CO2}} and NOx emissions,<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100" /><ref name="AirbusPresA220-300" /> as well as provide a reduction in maintenance costs and operating cost per seat, plus a reduced noise footprint with a 18 EPNdB margin to chapter 4 noise limits.<ref name="A220_2022file" /> Around two thirds of the overall fuel efficiency are attributed to the GTF engines, and one third to lightweight structures, state-of-the-art aerodynamics and systems.<ref name="A220 Commonality" />
== Operational history == [[File:Delta Airbus A220-100 N102DU after take off Boston Feb 2025.jpg|thumb|The first American operator, Delta, started its A220 revenue service on 7 February 2019.]]
After successfully entering commercial service with positive feedback from customers in Europe and Asia, the A220's operations have been expanded worldwide to include the Americas, Africa, Australia and Oceania.
; 2018 On 20 July 2018, the first aircraft with Airbus branding, an A220-300, was delivered to the type launch operator airBaltic,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Harper |first1=Lewis |title=Pictures: Air Baltic receives first Airbus A220-branded jet |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-air-baltic-receives-first-airbus-a220-bra-450551/ |work=Flight Global |date=20 July 2018 |access-date=23 July 2018 |archive-date=23 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723182036/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-air-baltic-receives-first-airbus-a220-bra-450551/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and in the same month, the airline launch customer of the type, Korean Air, received also its first rebranded A220-300.<ref>{{cite news |title=PAirbus and Boeing delivery review – July 2018; Airbus adds A220 series to delivery books as its productivity improves 64%; Boeing down 33% |url=https://www.anna.aero/2018/08/17/airbus-and-boeing-delivery-review-july-2018// |work=Anna Aero |date=17 August 2018 |access-date=15 February 2021 |archive-date=18 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118142653/https://www.anna.aero/2018/08/17/airbus-and-boeing-delivery-review-july-2018/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 26 October, the first American operator Delta Air Lines received its first A220, an A220-100, of its order for 75, which was previously disputed by Boeing.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-takes-north-americas-first-a220-453029/ |title= Delta takes North America's first A220 |date= 26 October 2018 |author-first1= Edward |author-last1=Russell |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 26 October 2018 |archive-date= 26 October 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181026222550/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-takes-north-americas-first-a220-453029/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Delta configured the A220-100 with 109 seats, including 12 first class, 15 in ''Delta Comfort+'' and 82 in the main cabin, and on 7 February 2019, the airline operated its maiden A220-100 flight with service from New York–LaGuardia Airport to Dallas–Fort Worth.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.eturbonews.com/244648/delta-air-lines-a220s-takes-to-the-skies-for-first-commercial-flight|title=Delta Air Lines' A220s takes to the skies for first commercial flight|website=eTurboNews|date=7 February 2019|access-date=7 February 2019|archive-date=8 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208025626/https://www.eturbonews.com/244648/delta-air-lines-a220s-takes-to-the-skies-for-first-commercial-flight|url-status=live}}</ref> On 21 December 2018, Air Tanzania received its first A220, an A220-300, to be based in Dar es Salaam. The flag carrier became the first African operator and the fifth worldwide to operate the A220 family aircraft, which had already been flying in Europe, Asia and America.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Duchesne |first1=Annabelle |last2=Ismail |first2=Samsana |title=Air Tanzania becomes first African-based A220 operator |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/12/air-tanzania-becomes-first-african-based-a220-operator.html/ |work=Airbus Commercial Aircraft |date=21 December 2018 |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122190751/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/12/air-tanzania-becomes-first-african-based-a220-operator.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
; 2019 [[File:Air Canada A220-300 on Short Final, October 2022.jpg|left|thumb|The second North American operator, Air Canada, began A220 flights on 16 January 2020]] As of April 2019, the global A220 fleet of 60 aircraft had completed more than 90,000 flights in 120,000 block hours on more than 170 routes to 130 destinations and carried 7{{nbsp}}million passengers: most used were up to 18{{nbsp}}hours and 13 legs per day.<ref name="A220 Commonality" /> By July, the launch operator, Swiss Air Lines successfully completed C checks on its A220 fleet, performed by SAMCO Aircraft Maintenance in its MRO facilities at Maastricht Airport.<ref>{{cite news |title=SAMCO and Swiss successful in completing heavy maintenance checks on Airbus A220 |url=https://newsroom.aviator.aero/samco-and-swiss-successful-in-completing-heavy-maintenance-checks-on-airbus-a220/ |access-date=9 May 2021 |work=Aviator Aero |date=28 June 2019 |archive-date=9 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509104815/https://newsroom.aviator.aero/samco-and-swiss-successful-in-completing-heavy-maintenance-checks-on-airbus-a220/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 6 September 2019, Egyptair received its first A220 of its order for 12, a -300 with 140 seats: 15 premium and 125 economy seats.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Duchesne |first1=Annabelle |last2=Al-Farah |first2=Zaid |title=First A220 delivery to EGYPTAIR |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/09/first-a220-delivery-to-egyptair.html/ |publisher= Airbus |date=6 September 2019 |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809181423/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/09/first-a220-delivery-to-egyptair.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Its final A220-300 was delivered on 5 October 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=EgyptAir receives final A220-300 aircraft from Airbus |url=https://egyptindependent.com/egyptair-receives-final-a220-300-aircraft-from-airbus/ |work=Egypt Independent |date=5 October 2020 |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=27 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114857/https://egyptindependent.com/egyptair-receives-final-a220-300-aircraft-from-airbus/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
On 29 November 2019, the 100th A220, an A220-300, was delivered to the type launch operator, airBaltic. At that time the airline operated the longest flight by an A220 – a 6.5-hour flight from Riga to Abu Dhabi.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Duchesne |first1=Annabelle |last2=Carpenter |first2=Heidi |title=Airbus celebrates the 100th A220 aircraft produced |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/11/airbus-celebrates-the-100th-a220-aircraft-produced.html |date= 29 November 2019 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> That year, airBaltic became the first airline capable of providing a full scope of maintenance for the A220-300.<ref name=aviationpros20Jan2021/> On 20 December 2019, Air Canada received its first A220-300 of its order for 45 aircraft and became the second North American operator of the A220.<ref>{{Cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/12/air-canada-takes-delivery-of-its-first-a220.html |title= Air Canada takes delivery of its first A220 |location= Mirabel |date= 20 December 2019 |publisher= Airbus |access-date= 31 December 2019 |archive-date= 28 December 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191228131253/https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/12/air-canada-takes-delivery-of-its-first-a220.html |url-status= live }}</ref> Canada's flag carrier began A220 flights on 16 January 2020 between Calgary and Montreal.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=Air Canada receives its first A220 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/orders-and-deliveries/air-canada-receives-its-first-a220/135910.article |work=Flight Global |date=21 December 2019 |access-date=31 December 2019 |archive-date=30 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230111210/https://www.flightglobal.com/orders-and-deliveries/air-canada-receives-its-first-a220/135910.article |url-status=live }}</ref> The airline expected A220-300s to be 15% cheaper to operate per seat than the Embraer 190s they will replace.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=Air Canada studies dozens of potential A220 routes |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/air-canada-studies-dozens-of-potential-a220-routes/130968.article |access-date=15 January 2020 |work=Flight Global |date=15 January 2019 |archive-date=15 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115173836/https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/air-canada-studies-dozens-of-potential-a220-routes/130968.article |url-status=live }}</ref>
; 2020 [[File:JetBlue A220-300 N3142J on final approach to Boston Oct 2024 1.jpg|thumb|JetBlue became the second US operator of A220 in December 2020.]] During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of flights on many routes was reduced by more than 80% over the same period in 2019. The A220's features made it popular with airlines, as they preferred smaller aircraft with similar range and economic performance as larger ones, in order to keep the load factor high enough. Delta grounded their 62 A320s, for example, but continued to sell flights on their 31 A220-100 models and Swiss only operated 30% of their A320s but maintained flights on 45% of their 29 A220s.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haupt |first1=Tomas |title=Airbus A220 – The Star of the Post-Coronavirus Travel World |url=https://www.tourism-review.com/airbus-a220-is-the-right-aircraft-for-everyone-news11533 |access-date=10 July 2021 |work=Tourism Review |date=18 May 2020 }}</ref> Between May and December 2020, airBaltic operated all its flights with its A220-300s to minimize complexity.<ref>{{cite news |title=airBaltic Says Goodbye to Final Boeing 737 |url=https://www.aviationpros.com/airlines/press-release/21203084/airbaltic-airbaltic-says-goodbye-to-final-boeing-737 |access-date=22 August 2021 |work=Aviation Pros |date=17 December 2020 }}</ref>
By November, the global A220 fleet of 135 aircraft had completed more than 295,000 flights over 440,000 block hours on more than 400 routes to 225 destinations with a daily utilisation of up to 18{{nbsp}}hours and 13 legs per day.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2020 |title=Airbus : A220 Family Facts & Figures |work=MarketScreener |url=https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/AIRBUS-SE-4637/news/Airbus-A220-Family-Facts-Figures-31771452/ |access-date=2 July 2023}}</ref> On 31 December, JetBlue took delivery of its first A220-300 from a total order of 70 aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wolfsteller |first1=Pilar |title=JetBlue takes delivery of first A220-300 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/orders-and-deliveries/jetblue-takes-delivery-of-first-a220-300/141799.article |access-date=14 February 2021 |work=Flight Global |date=1 January 2021 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125131040/https://www.flightglobal.com/orders-and-deliveries/jetblue-takes-delivery-of-first-a220-300/141799.article |url-status=live }}</ref> The second US operator of A220 family aircraft began its revenue flight from Boston Logan International Airport to Tampa International Airport and expected around 30% lower direct operating cost per seat than its E190 fleet to be replaced, which came from both fuel and non-fuel savings. JetBlue configured its A220-300 with 140 seats and an expanded width of {{cvt|18.6|in|cm|order=flip}}, including ViaSat-2 connectivity.<ref>{{cite press release |title=JetBlue's First Airbus A220-300 Featuring Incredible Comfort, Lower Operating Costs and Superior Performance Enters Scheduled Service |url=https://news.jetblue.com/latest-news/press-release-details/2021/JetBlues-First-Airbus-A220-300-Featuring-Incredible-Comfort-Lower-Operating-Costs-and-Superior-Performance-Enters-Scheduled-Service-04-26-2021/default.aspx |date=26 April 2021 |publisher=JetBlue}}</ref>
; 2021 [[File:Air France, F-HZUG, Airbus A220-300.jpg|thumb|left|Air France, the largest customer in Europe, became an A220 operator in September 2021.]] By January 2021, airBaltic's A220 fleet had completed close to 60,000 flights over 141,000 block hours, carrying over 5.6{{nbsp}}million passengers as it completed C checks on the first seven aircraft of its fleet.<ref name=aviationpros20Jan2021>{{cite news |title=airBaltic has Performed Seven Airbus A220-300 C Checks |url=https://www.aviationpros.com/aircraft/maintenance-providers/mro/press-release/21206674/airbaltic-airbaltic-has-performed-seven-airbus-a220300-c-checks |access-date=9 May 2021 |work=AviationPros |date=20 January 2021 |archive-date=9 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509104815/https://www.aviationpros.com/aircraft/maintenance-providers/mro/press-release/21206674/airbaltic-airbaltic-has-performed-seven-airbus-a220300-c-checks |url-status=live }}</ref> On 22 April 2021, Air Manas received its first A220-300 of planned three aircraft to be based in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and became the first operator in the CIS states to introduce the A220.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaminski-Morrow |first1=David |title=Kyrgyzstan's Air Manas introduces CIS states' first A220 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/airlines/kyrgyzstans-air-manas-introduces-cis-states-first-a220/143417.article |work=Flight Global |date=22 April 2021 |language=en |access-date=25 April 2021 |archive-date=25 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425081006/https://www.flightglobal.com/airlines/kyrgyzstans-air-manas-introduces-cis-states-first-a220/143417.article |url-status=live }}</ref> On 26 May 2021, Swiss took delivery of its thirtieth and last A220 at Zurich Airport.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karantzavelou |first1=Vicky |title=SWISS concludes Airbus A220 fleet renewal with 30th delivery |url=https://www.traveldailynews.com/post/swiss-concludes-airbus-a220-fleet-renewal-with-30th-delivery |work=Travel Daily News |date=26 May 2021 |access-date=28 May 2021 }}</ref>
On 27 July 2021, Réunion Island-based Air Austral became the first French A220 operator after receiving its first A220-300 of three planned to replace its ATR 72-500 and Boeing 737-800 aircraft, to be operated to Mauritius, Mayotte, Seychelles, South Africa, Madagascar and India.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Orban |first1=André |title=Indian Ocean based Air Austral becomes first French Airbus A220 operator (days before Air France) |url=https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/air-austral/indian-ocean-based-air-austral-becomes-first-french-airbus-a220-operator-days-before-air-france/ |work=Aviation 24 Belgium|date=27 July 2021 }}</ref> On 29 September 2021, Air France, the largest A220 customer in Europe, received its first A220-300 from an order for 60 aircraft, to be operated on the airline's medium-haul network with a 148 passengers single-class cabin.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Galabert |first1=Anne |last2=Duchesne |first2=Annabelle |title=Airbus delivers first of 60 A220s to Air France |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2021/09/airbus-delivers-first-of-60-a220s-to-air-france.html |date= 29 September 2021 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> From August 2020 to July 2021, the A220 average on-time performance (OTP) was 99%, led by Korean Air with 99.63%, giving the airline the "Airbus A220 Best Operational Excellence 2021" award on 4 October 2021, during IATA's Annual General Meeting.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Korean Air selected as best A220 operator |url=https://www.koreanair.com/ae/en/footer/about-us/newsroom/list/211005-korean-air-selected-as-best-a220-operator- |date= 5 October 2021 |publisher=Korean Air }}</ref> On 17 December 2021, Breeze Airways, took delivery of its first A220-300, which was ferried from Airbus Mobile to Tampa International Airport.<ref>{{cite news|title= US's Breeze Airways inducts first A220 |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/110849-uss-breeze-airways-inducts-first-a220 |website=ch-aviation |date=17 December 2021}}</ref> On 29 December 2021, Air Senegal, the flag carrier of the Republic of Senegal. became the fourth A220 operator in Africa after receiving its first A220-300, which was delivered from Montreal via Paris to the carrier's home base in Dakar.<ref>{{cite web|title= Air Senegal Becomes Fourth Airbus A220 Operator In Africa|url=https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/airlines-lessors/air-senegal-becomes-fourth-airbus-a220-operator-africa |website=Aviation Week Network|date=5 January 2022}}</ref>
;2022 [[File:ITA Airways, I-ADVA, Airbus A220-100 (54007495525) at Milan Linate.jpg|thumb|Italy's ITA Airways became an A220 operator in October 2022.]] By January 2022, the global A220 fleet of 193 aircraft had completed more than 440,000 flights over 675,000 block hours on more than 550 routes to 275 destinations with 99.0% operational reliability.<ref name="A220_2021file">{{cite news |title=Facts and Figures – A220 FAMILY: PURPOSE BUILT FOR EFFICIENCY |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2022-01/EN-Airbus-A220-Facts-and-Figures-January-2022.pdf |date= 14 January 2022 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> On 7 January, Iraqi Airways, the national carrier of Iraq, took delivery of its first out of five A220-300 aircraft from the Mirabel site.<ref name="A220Iraqy">{{cite press release |last1=Al-Farah |first1=Zaid |last2=Ismail |first2=Samsana |last3=Duchesne |first3=Annabelle |title=Iraqi Airways receives its first A220-300 |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-01-iraqi-airways-receives-its-first-a220-300 |date= 7 January 2022 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> The airline began the type's commercial operation ten months later on 8 November 2022, becoming the second after Egyptair to operate the A220 in the MENA region.<ref name="A220Iraqy" /><ref>{{cite news|title= Iraqi Airways debuts A220 flight operations |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/121426-iraqi-airways-debuts-a220-flight-operations| website= CH-Aviation| date=11 November 2022}}</ref> On 6 May, Air Austral resumed its route between Réunion and Chennai that had been suspended at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. At {{cvt|2870|nmi|km}}, the flight is the world's longest A220 route, a record previously held by airBaltic's Riga–Dubai flight of {{cvt|2684|nmi|km}}.<ref>{{cite web|title= Air Austral resumes world's longest Airbus A220 flight |url=https://ihaviationandtravel.com/2022/05/07/air-austral-resumes-worlds-longest-airbus-a220-flight/ |website=IH Aviation and Travel|date=7 May 2022}}</ref>
On 12 July, approximately six years after the type entered service, Airbus delivered the 220th A220 to JetBlue Airways, the type's largest customer at the time, where the global A220 fleet had carried 60{{nbsp}}million passengers on over 700 routes ranging from 30-minute to 7-hour flights to 300 destinations.<ref name="220th_A220">{{cite press release |title=The A220 confirms its breakthrough on the small single-aisle market |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/stories/2022-07-the-a220-confirms-its-breakthrough-on-the-small-single-aisle-market |date= 12 July 2022 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> In October, a batch of A220-300s originally destined for Russian airline Azimuth were delivered to ITA Airways (''Italia Trasporto Aereo''), the new Italian flag carrier, instead by their lessor.<ref>[https://www.aero.de/news-43672/ITA-Airways-erhaelt-ersten-Airbus-A220.html aero.de] (German) 12 October 2022</ref> On 16 October, ITA Airways entered its A220-300 into service on a flight from Rome to Genoa.<ref>{{cite web |title= ITA Airways Enters New Airbus A220 into Service |url= https://aviationsourcenews.com/news/ita-airways-enters-new-airbus-a220-into-service/ |website= Aviation Source |date= 18 October 2022 |access-date= 31 December 2022 |archive-date= 31 December 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221231084301/https://aviationsourcenews.com/news/ita-airways-enters-new-airbus-a220-into-service/ |url-status= dead }}</ref>
;2023 [[File:QantasLink, operated by National Jet Systems, (VH-X4A) Airbus A220-300 departing Canberra Airport.jpg|left|thumb|The first Australian operator, QantasLink, received its first A220 in ''Minyma Kutjara Tjukurpa'' art livery in December 2023.]] In early 2023, several operators: Iraqi Airways, airBaltic, Air Tanzania and Swiss Air Lines had to ground some of their A220s due to GTF engine problems amid aviation supply chain issues after the pandemic.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=12 May 2023 |title=Iraqi regulator confirms engine incidents behind A220 grounding |work=FlightGlobal |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/safety/iraqi-regulator-confirms-engine-incidents-behind-a220-grounding/153266.article |access-date=2 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wakabi |first=Michael |date=20 March 2023 |title=African carriers lose patience with P&W over grounded A220 fleets |work=AirInsight |url=https://airinsight.com/african-carriers-lose-patience-with-pw-over-grounded-a220-fleets/ |access-date=2 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=P&WenginesWoes2023>{{Cite news |last=Cross |first=Lee |date=5 May 2023 |title=A220 Engine Woes Continue As More Operators Forced to Ground Airframes |work=Airways |url=https://airwaysmag.com/a220-engine-woes-grounding/ |access-date=2 July 2023}}</ref> According to Air Tanzania, the PW1524G-3 engines had to be removed for maintenance before 1,000 landings, when they were supposed to be removed after 5,260 landings.<ref name=P&WenginesWoes2023/> On 16 June, Bulgaria Air, the flag carrier of Bulgaria, took delivery of its first A220 from the Mirabel facility. The airline would lease a total of five A220-300s and two A220-100s from Air Lease Corporation (ALC) and fly the fleet across Europe on both regional and international routes.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Bulgaria Air takes delivery of its first A220 |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2023-06-bulgaria-air-takes-delivery-of-its-first-a220 |date= 16 June 2023 |publisher= Airbus }}</ref> In July, five years after the A220 joined the Airbus aircraft family, the fleet of more than 260 A220s had flown over a billion kilometers on more than 1,100 routes ranging from 30{{nbsp}}minutes to 8{{nbsp}}hours, carrying more than 90{{nbsp}}million passengers to over 375 destinations across the globe.<ref name="5yrsA220">{{Cite news |date=10 July 2023 |title=The A220: celebrating five years in the Airbus Family |work=Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/stories/2023-07-the-a220-celebrating-five-years-in-the-airbus-family |access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> On 21 July, Cyprus Airways welcomed its first two A220-300s leased from ALC.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 July 2023 |title=Cyprus Airways welcomes its first Airbus A220-300 to its fleet |work=World Airline News |url=https://worldairlinenews.com/2023/07/21/cyprus-airways-welcomes-its-first-airbus-a220-300-to-its-fleet/ |access-date=21 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 June 2023 |title=Cyprus Airways leases two A220-300s from ALC |work=CH-Aviation |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/128858-cyprus-airways-leases-two-a220-300s-from-alc |access-date=21 July 2023}}</ref> The islands' flag carrier nicknamed its new fleet member the ''Cyprus Airways Greenliner'' as the A220 is to reduce the company's emissions by around 40%,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Olstad |first=Adrian |date=6 June 2023 |title=Cyprus Airways reveals first A220 'Greenliner' |work=Aviation Source |url=https://aviationsourcenews.com/airline/cyprus-airways-reveals-first-a220-greenliner/ |access-date=21 July 2023}}</ref> and put it into service on 9 August with a flight from Larnaca to Athens.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 August 2023 |title=Cyprus Airways puts its first Airbus A220-300 into revenue service |work=World Airline News |url=https://worldairlinenews.com/2023/08/09/cyprus-airways-puts-its-first-airbus-a220-300-into-revenue-service/ |access-date=11 August 2023}}</ref> On 28 November, Nigerian operator Ibom Air took delivery of its first new A220-300, one of ten on order. The airline had already gained experience with A220 operations, having temporarily leased a pair from EgyptAir in 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=28 November 2023 |title=Nigeria's Ibom takes first A220 from order for 10 |work=Flight Global. |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/airlines/nigerias-ibom-takes-first-a220-from-order-for-10/156009.article |access-date=12 December 2023}}</ref> On 16 December QantasLink took delivery of its first A220-300 of 29 units on order, making it the 20th operator of the type, which would serve metropolitan and regional destinations across Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 December 2023 |title=Qantas Group takes delivery of first A220-300 |work=CH-Aviation |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/135210-qantas-group-takes-delivery-of-first-a220-300 |access-date=19 December 2023}}</ref> The full-service carrier put its A220 into service on 1 March 2024, operating from Melbourne to Canberra and Brisbane.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nelson |first=Jake |date=1 March 2024 |title=First commercial QantasLink A220 flight touches down in Canberra |url=https://australianaviation.com.au/2024/03/first-commercial-qantaslink-a220-flight-touches-down-in-canberra/ |access-date=8 March 2024 |work=Australian Aviation}}</ref>
;2024 [[File:9A-ACE Airbus A220-300 (BD-500-1A11), 25.05.2025@Frankfurt Airport (cropped).jpg|thumb|The flag carrier Croatia Airlines became an A220 operator in July 2024]] By January 2024 the global A220 fleet of 314 aircraft had completed more than 1,000,000 flights over 1,700,000 block hours on more than 1,350 routes to 400 destinations with 98.9% operational reliability.<ref name="A220_2024file">{{cite news |date=January 2024 |title=Facts and Figures – A220 FAMILY: PURPOSE BUILT FOR EFFICIENCY |publisher=Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2024-01/EN-Airbus-A220-Facts-and-Figures-January-2024.pdf}}</ref> In February 2024, EgyptAir sold its relatively young fleet of 12 A220s to leasing company Azzora. Serviceability rates on the PW1500G engines were believed to be a factor in the decision.<ref>{{cite news |first=Alan |last=Dron |date=1 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |title=EgyptAir Divests Its Airbus A220 Fleet In 'Fleet Transition' |work=Aviation Week |url=https://aviationweek.com/special-topics/crossover-narrowbody-jets/egyptair-divests-its-airbus-a220-fleet-fleet-transition |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202130725/https://aviationweek.com/special-topics/crossover-narrowbody-jets/egyptair-divests-its-airbus-a220-fleet-fleet-transition |archive-date=2024-02-02 |url-status=live}}</ref> As of July 2024, the global A220 fleet had carried more than 100{{nbsp}}million passengers.<ref name="Newswire0724"/> On 29 July 2024, the flag carrier Croatia Airlines took delivery of its first A220-300, part of a single type fleet renewal and the largest project in the airline's 35-year history.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Forcier |first1=Amélie |last2=Moline |first2=Lena |date=29 July 2024 |title=Croatia Airlines takes delivery of its first A220 in new livery |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2024-07-croatia-airlines-takes-delivery-of-its-first-a220-in-new-livery |access-date=29 July 2024 |work=Airbus}}</ref> The first revenue flight took place on 6 August 2024 domestically from Zagreb to Split,<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2024 |title=Croatia Airlines flies first passengers aboard new Airbus A220-300 aircraft |url=https://www.croatiaairlines.com/en/media/press-releases/croatia-airlines-flies-first-passengers-aboard-new |access-date=11 August 2024 |website=Croatia Airlines}}</ref> and a day later internationally from Zagreb to Frankfurt, Germany, on the same route on which the airline operated its first international flight in 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2024 |title=Croatia Airlines flies first passengers aboard new Airbus A220-300 aircraft |url=https://www.croatiaairlines.com/en/media/press-releases/croatia-airlines-flies-first-passengers-aboard-new |access-date=11 August 2024 |website=Croatia Airlines}}</ref> On 20 September, the state-owned TAAG Angola Airlines took delivery of its first A220-300 as part of the modernization and growth of its fleet,<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 September 2024 |title=TAAG Angola Airlines modernises fleet with Airbus A220 |url=https://www.timesaerospace.aero/news/air-transport/taag-angola-airlines-modernises-fleet-with-airbus-a220 |access-date=28 September 2024 |work=Times Aerospace}}</ref> and put it into commercial service on 11 November, connecting Luanda to a key Lusophony connection, São Tomé Island.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Karantzavelou |first=Vicky |date=11 November 2024 |title=TAAG performs first commercial flight with the Airbus A220-300 to São Tomé Island |url=https://www.traveldailynews.com/aviation/taag-performs-first-commercial-flight-with-the-airbus-a220-300-to-sao-tome-island/ |access-date=12 November 2024 |work=Travel Daily News}}</ref> Smartwings received its first A220-300 on 24 November and deployed it a day later on the Prague – Paris route under the Czech Airlines brand.<ref>{{cite web |last=Orban |first=André |date=24 November 2024 |title=Smartwings introduces Airbus A220, revitalising CSA Czech Airlines legacy |url=https://www.aviation24.be/airlines/smartwings/smartwings-introduces-airbus-a220-revitalising-csa-czech-airlines-legacy/ |access-date=22 December 2024 |website=Aviation24.be}}</ref> Romanian airline AnimaWings received its first A220-300 from lessor Azorra on 16 December and was due to complete its first revenue flight on 27 December, making it the tenth A220 operator in Europe.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Charlotte |date=16 December 2024 |title=AnimaWings receives Romania's first A220-300 |url=https://aerospaceglobalnews.com/news/animawings-receives-romanias-first-a220-300// |access-date=22 December 2024 |website=Aerospace Global News}}</ref>
;2025 [[File:(SGP-Singapore) Air Niugini Airbus A220-300 P2-PGA @ Singapore Airshow 2026-02-07.jpg|left|thumb|The flag carrier Air Niugini became an A220 operator in September 2025]] By January 2025 the global A220 fleet of 389 aircraft had completed more than 1,440,000 flights over 2,500,000 block hours on more than 1,500 routes to 470 destinations with 98.8% operational reliability.<ref name="A220_FAF_2025">{{Cite news |date=January 2025 |title=Facts and Figures – A220 FAMILY: PURPOSE BUILT FOR EFFICIENCY |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2025-01/Airbus-A220-Facts-and-Figures-January-2025.pdf |access-date= |publisher=Airbus}}</ref> In March, Airbus investigated corrosion issues on a "limited number" of A220s, affecting some passenger seat fittings and wing components, including the wing fairing, which does not pose an immediate safety concern.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Van Cleave |first=Kris |date=11 March 2025 |title=Airbus investigating corrosion issues on some of its A220 passenger jets |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/airbus-corrosion-issues-a220-passenger-jets/ |access-date=20 April 2025 |work=CBS News}}</ref> In mid-April, an A220-300 from Egypt Air's former fleet was being dismantled as part of an agreement between lessor Azorra and ''Delta Material Services'' to supply spare parts for the repair of Delta's A220 fleet and other international airlines, where the engines were also leased to Delta.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Derber |first=Alex |date=15 April 2025 |title=Delta Subsidiary Starts A220 Part-Out |url=https://aviationweek.com/mro/aircraft-propulsion/delta-subsidiary-starts-a220-part-out |access-date=16 April 2025 |work=Aviation Week}}</ref> On 11 September, Papua New Guinea's flag carrier, Air Niugini, became the 25th A220 operator, strengthening the position in the Asia-Pacific market. The A220-300, nicknamed ''"People's Balus"'', was specially painted to commemorate the country's 50th anniversary and the delivery to Port Moresby International Airport marked the beginning of Air Niugini's fleet modernisation programme, with eight A220-100s ordered directly from Airbus and three A220-300s leased from Azorra.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Oleinik |first=Ivan |date=12 September 2025 |title=Air Niugini Takes Delivery Of First Airbus A220-300 |url=https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/air-niugini-first-a220-300 |access-date=14 September 2025 |work=Airways Magazine}}</ref>
;2026 By April 2026 the global A220 fleet of 501 aircraft had completed more than 2,080,000 flights over 3,650,000 block hours on more than 1,900 routes to 500 destinations with 99.0% operational reliability in the last 3 months.<ref name="A220_FAF_last">{{Cite news |date=March 2026 |title=Facts and Figures – A220 FAMILY: PURPOSE BUILT FOR EFFICIENCY |url=https://mediaassets.airbus.com/pm_38_897_897717-5df29bl1vt.pdf?fileName=airbus-a220-facts-and-figures-april-2026-english.pdf |access-date= |publisher=Airbus}}</ref>
=== Decarbonisation === The A220 family plays a key role in Airbus's commitment to its decarbonisation targets. The fuel-efficient aircraft can already fly with a blend of up to 50% Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and, like all other Airbus commercial aircraft, will be certified for 100% SAF capability by 2030.<ref name="5yrsA220"/> On 25 August 2025, Air France took delivery of its 46th A220-300 with a ferry flight from Airbus Canada, which for the first time used a fuel blend containing 50% SAF, certified directly by Airbus.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 August 2025 |title=Air France-KLM takes delivery of 46th A220 on a landmark ferry flight with Airbus using 50% sustainable aviation fuel |url=https://www.airfranceklm.com/en/newsroom/air-france-klm-takes-delivery-46th-a220-landmark-ferry-flight-airbus-using-50-sustainable |access-date=30 August 2025 |work=Air France-KLM Group}}</ref>
=== Dispatch reliability === thumb|The A220 aircraft family has a 99.85% dispatch reliability as of October 2017.
The clean sheet airliner was targeted to have a 99.0% dispatch reliability at entry into service.<ref name="Flight29Jun2016">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-breakthrough-cseries-gets-ready-for-a-426382/ |title= Breakthrough CSeries gets ready for a 'flawless' EIS |author= Stephen Trimble |work= Flightglobal |date= 29 June 2016 |access-date= 29 June 2016 |archive-date= 30 June 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160630202407/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-breakthrough-cseries-gets-ready-for-a-426382/ |url-status= live }}</ref> In August 2016, Swiss reported "much higher" reliability than other all-new airliners, citing Airbus's A320, A380 and Boeing's 787.<ref name="FinPost24Aug2016" /> After four months of service with Swiss, this goal seemed to have been met based on only three aircraft and 1,500{{nbsp}}hours flown; "nuisance messages" from the integrated avionics suite and engine start-up delays had been the main griefs.<ref name="FG161129">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/swiss-grades-cs100-after-four-months-in-service-431893/ |title= Swiss grades CS100 after four months in service |date= 29 November 2016 |author-first1= Stephen |author-last1=Trimble |work= Flight Global |access-date= 29 November 2016 |archive-date= 29 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161129205903/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/swiss-grades-cs100-after-four-months-in-service-431893/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Dispatch reliability rates of 99.0% were met in April 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-cseries-advancing-slowly-437806/ |author-first1= Jon |author-last1=Hemmerdinger |work= Flightglobal |title= CSeries advancing, slowly |date= 9 June 2017 |access-date= 12 June 2017 |archive-date= 9 June 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170609124136/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-cseries-advancing-slowly-437806/ |url-status= live }}</ref> A year after introduction, in July 2017, launch operators had fewer issues than expected for an all-new aircraft program.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> At this time point, airBaltic had already a 99.3–99.4% dispatch reliability, similar to the established Q400 but less than the relatively ubiquitous Boeing 737 Classic's 99.8%.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> The dispatch reliability improved further to 99.85% in October 2017.<ref name="AvWeek20oct2017" /> === Engine issues ===
==== Noise ==== [[File:JetBlue Airbus A220 N3194J take off Boston July 2025.webm|thumb|right|The PW1500G's whale-like noise can be heard at the beginning of this video of a JetBlue A220-300 taking off from Boston.]]
The engines can emit a loud howl for a few seconds during throttle movements at low power settings. This distinctive howl was likened to the mating call of an orca, and led to noise complaints from residents near Zurich Airport when Swiss International Air Lines started operating the A220.<ref>{{cite web |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Airbus A220 'Whisperjet' is too loud, according to Zurich residents |url=https://www.smh.com.au/traveller/inspiration/airbus-a220-whisperjet-is-too-loud-according-to-zurich-residents-20181106-h17jqc.html |access-date=July 21, 2025 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald Traveller}}</ref> A Pratt and Whitney official says that the engine noise is caused by a "low power transient combustor tone" which generally occurs on approach when the engine is at low or idle power. Under those conditions, the flame front inside the combustor causes pressure perturbations that interact with the walls of the combustor to create the whale sound. The noise has no repercussions on the operation of the engine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petchenik |first=Ian |date=2020-12-04 |title=AvTalk Episode 99: Solving the mystery of the whale song |url=https://www.flightradar24.com/blog/avtalk-podcast/avtalk-episode-99-solving-the-mystery-of-the-whale-song/ |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=Flightradar24 Blog |language=en-US}}</ref>
==== Reliability ==== Since the PW1500G mount generates less strain on the turbine rotor assembly than the A320neo's PW1100G, it does not suffer from start-up and bearing problems but still from premature combustor degradation.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" /> An updated combustor liner with a 6,000–8,000{{nbsp}}hour limit has been developed and a third generation for 2018 will raise it to 20,000{{nbsp}}hours in benign environments.<ref name="Flight14Jul2017" />
After three inflight engine failures in 2019, Transport Canada issued an emergency airworthiness directive (EAD) limiting the power to 94% of N1 (Low Pressure Spool rotational speed) above {{cvt|29,000|ft}}, disengaging the autothrottle for the climb over this altitude before engaging it again in cruise.<ref>{{cite news |author-first1=David |author-last1=Kaminski-Morrow |date=28 Oct 2019 |title=A220 operators told to limit engine thrust at high altitude |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/a220-operators-told-to-limit-engine-thrust-at-high-a-461843/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030232730/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/a220-operators-told-to-limit-engine-thrust-at-high-a-461843/ |archive-date=30 October 2019 |access-date=30 October 2019 |work=Flightglobal}}</ref>
=== Maintenance === The A check is scheduled after 850 flight hours: the check originally took 5{{nbsp}}hours and has since been reduced to less than 3{{nbsp}}hours, within an 8-hour shift.<ref name=Flight14Jul2017/> The C check is scheduled after 8,500{{nbsp}}hours – translating to about 3.5 years of operation.<ref name=Flight14Jul2017/> Based on experience since product launch, A checks intervals could increase to 1,000{{nbsp}}hours and C checks to 10,000{{nbsp}}hours toward the end of 2019.<ref name=Flight14Jul2017>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-how-has-the-cseries-performed-in-service-439012/ |author-first1= Michael |author-last1=Gubisch |work= Flightglobal |title= How has the CSeries performed in service? |date= 14 July 2017 |access-date= 17 July 2017 |archive-date= 29 November 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191129034030/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-how-has-the-cseries-performed-in-service-439012/ |url-status= live }}</ref> ==Variants== There are two main variants of the five-abreast A220 family: the {{cvt|35|m|ft|0}} long A220-100 including the ACJ TwoTwenty corporate jet version, and the {{cvt|3.7|m|ft|0}} longer A220-300. Their over 99% commonality allows a common spare part inventory, reducing investment and maintenance costs.<ref name="A220 Commonality" />
=== A220-100 === [[File:ITA-220.jpg|thumb|left|The A220-100 is certified by EASA for steep approach required for landing in London City Airport.<ref name=SteepApproachCert/>]]
The A220-100 (ICAO code: BCS1) is the shorter variant of the A220 family at {{cvt|35|m|ft|0}} in length that can fly between 100 and 135 passengers over a distance of {{Cvt|6667|km|nmi|disp=output only}} ({{Cvt|6667|km|km|disp=output only}}; {{Cvt|6667|km|mi|disp=output only}}).<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100">{{Cite web |date=2021-10-07 |title=A220-100 {{!}} A220 {{!}} Aircraft {{!}} Airbus Aircraft |url=https://aircraft.airbus.com/en/aircraft/a220/a220-100 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=aircraft.airbus.com |language=en}}</ref> The former ''CS100'' made its maiden flight on 16 September 2013 and was first delivered to the launch operator Swiss Global Air Lines on 29 June 2016. The type entered service on 15 July 2016 with a revenue flight between Zurich and Paris. The A220-100 has a takeoff distance of {{cvt|4800|ft|m|order=flip}} and a landing distance of {{cvt|4550|ft|m|order=flip}} and is also certified for steep approaches by Transport Canada and EASA,<ref name=SteepApproachCert/> making it one of the largest aircraft that can land at London City Airport (LCY) and connect it non-stop to New York City John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK).<ref name="ainonline29March2017">{{Cite news |last=Polek |first=Gregory |date=29 March 2017 |title=Embraer E195-E2 Narrowbody Airliner Takes Flight |work=AIN Online |url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2017-03-29/embraer-e195-e2-narrowbody-airliner-takes-flight |access-date=15 October 2023}}</ref> The model marketing designation is the BD-500-1A10 for aircraft from serial number 50011,<ref name="faatcds">{{cite web |url= https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8f2757758f3b2afb8625833100722e1c/$FILE/T00008NY_Rev_4.pdf |publisher= Federal Aviation Administration |title= Type Certificate Data Sheet T0008NY for the CSALP BD-500 |date= 18 October 2018 |access-date= 20 November 2018 |archive-date= 21 November 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181121022041/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8f2757758f3b2afb8625833100722e1c/$FILE/T00008NY_Rev_4.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> including the first aircraft delivered to Swiss (MSN-50010).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Civil Database |url=https://www.scramble.nl/database/civil#results |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=Scramble civil aircraft database}}</ref>
The A220-100, the smallest jetliner within the Airbus product line,<ref name="AirbusPresA220-100" /> competes with largest members of the four-abreast Embraer E-Jet E2 family, the E195-E2 and E190-E2, replacing the previous generation E-195, E190, as well as the five/six-abreast Boeing 717, 737-600, Airbus A318 and ageing models: McDonnell Douglas DC-9/MD-87, Fokker 100, BAe-146, and Boeing 737-500. The A220-100 is well ahead of the two E-Jet E2 variants in terms of range and payload, but the latter has a lower base price due to its more conservative design and correspondingly cheaper production costs.<ref name="ainonline29March2017" /> The unit price of an A220-100 is estimated at $81{{nbsp}}million, while an E-190 E2 and E-195 E2 are priced at $61{{nbsp}}million and $69{{nbsp}}million, respectively.<ref name="Pilotpass31May2023">{{Cite web |last=Walsh |first=Sean |date=31 May 2023 |title=How Much Does an Airbus Plane Cost? |url=https://pilotpassion.com/how-much-does-an-airbus-plane-cost/ |access-date=22 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="Leeham26Feb2018">{{Cite news |last=Hamilton |first=Scott |date=26 February 2018 |title=Pontifications: OEMs hike list prices |work=Leeham News |url=https://leehamnews.com/2018/02/26/pontifications-oems-hike-list-prices/ |access-date=22 October 2023}}</ref> {{As of|2026|4}}, there are 75 A220-100s in revenue service with five operators, where Delta is the largest operator with 45 aircraft in its fleet.<ref name="Airbus_O&D" />
===A220-300=== thumb|The A220-300 is the larger variant with a {{cvt|38.71|m|ft|0}} long fuselage or {{cvt|3.7|m|ft|0}} longer than A220-100.|alt=The A220-300 is the larger variant with a 3.7 m (12 ft) longer fuselage than A220-100.
The A220-300 (ICAO code: BCS3) is the larger variant with a {{cvt|38.71|m|ft|0}} long fuselage or {{cvt|3.7|m|ft|0}} longer than A220-100 and can carry between 120 and 160 passengers over a distance of {{cvt|{{#expr:3400+200}}|nmi}}.<ref name=AirbusPresA220-300>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-07 |title=A220-300 {{!}} A220 {{!}} Aircraft {{!}} Airbus Aircraft |url=https://aircraft.airbus.com/en/aircraft/a220/a220-300 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=aircraft.airbus.com |language=en}}</ref> The former ''CS300'' had its maiden flight on 27 February 2015, and the first delivery to airBaltic, the type launch operator, in November 2016. The type entered service on 14 December with a revenue flight from Riga to Amsterdam in a 145 seat two-class configuration. In several performance improvements, the MTOW and thus the permissible tank content were increased, where Delta received the first improved aircraft on 18 June 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=18 June 2019 |title=PARIS: Delta to take higher-weight A220 |work=FlightGlobal |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/fleets/paris-delta-to-take-higher-weight-a220/133211.article |access-date=9 July 2023}}</ref> Airbus offered a further {{cvt|1|t|lb}} increase to the MTOW of the A220-300, to {{cvt|70.9|t|lb}} in March 2021, providing another {{cvt|200|nmi}} of additional range to {{cvt|3550|nmi}}. On long routes the payload will be increased by about {{cvt|900|kg|lb}}. The model marketing designation is the BD-500-1A11 for aircraft from serial number 55003.<ref name="faatcds" />
The A220-300 complements the A319neo in the Airbus fleet and competes with the Boeing 737 MAX 7 and, to some extent, with the Embraer E195-E2, replacing previous generation airliners, smaller variants of the 737 Next Gen/737 Classic and McDonnell Douglas MD-90/MD-80 series. The A220-300 was designed to be {{cvt|6|t|lb}} lighter than the A319neo and nearly {{cvt|8|t|lb}} lighter than the 737 MAX 7, giving it better operating costs of up to 12%.<ref name="300Efficiency"/> Furthermore, the unit price of an A220-300 is estimated at just $91.5{{nbsp}}million, while an A319neo is priced at $101.5{{nbsp}}million.<ref name="Pilotpass31May2023" /><ref name="Leeham26Feb2018" /> These cost advantages and other aspects contribute to the A220-300 outselling the A319neo as well as the 737-7.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamoun |first=Skander |date=28 September 2020 |title=Infographic – Will the Airbus A220 be the narrow-body aircraft of tomorrow? |url=https://blog.flight-report.com/infographic-airbus-a220-narrow-body-aircraft-tomorrow/ |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Flight-Report}}</ref><ref name="Boeing_O-D">{{cite web |date=30 June 2025 |title=Boeing Orders and Deliveries (737) |url=https://www.boeing.com/commercial/#/orders-deliveries |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Boeing}}</ref> {{As of|2026|4}}, there are 427 A220-300s in commercial service with 23 operators, where JetBlue is the largest operator with 62 aircraft in its fleet.<ref name="Airbus_O&D" />
===ACJ TwoTwenty=== {{See also|Airbus Corporate Jets#ACJ TwoTwenty}}Since 2020, the Airbus A220 has also been available as a business jet under the name ACJ TwoTwenty, which is a variant of the A220-100 with a range of {{cvt|5650|nmi|km}} and customisable cabin space of {{cvt|73|sqm}} for 18 passengers. To increase its range the type is offered with up to five removable auxiliary centre fuel tanks.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2021 |title=ACJ TwoTwenty {{!}} Airbus Corporate Jets |url=https://www.acj.airbus.com/en/exclusive-aircraft/acj-twotwenty |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=www.acj.airbus.com}}</ref> The ACJ TwoTwenty made its first flight on 14 December 2021, and was to be outfitted with a VIP cabin in Indianapolis, before its first delivery to Comlux expected in 2023.<ref name="AvWebOct2021">{{cite news |last1=O'Connor |first1=Kate |title=ACJ TwoTwenty On Schedule For 2023 Debut |url=https://www.avweb.com/aviation-news/business-aviation-news/acj-twotwenty-on-schedule-for-2023/ |access-date=14 October 2021 |work=AVweb |date=13 October 2021}}</ref>
==Operators== thumb|airBaltic has a pure A220-300 fleet and was the launch operator of the type.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Global Airline Guide 2025 - AirBaltic |magazine=Airliner World |date=September 2025 |page=65}}</ref>|alt=A white and green plane on final approach. {{main|List of Airbus A220 operators}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:List of Airbus A220 operators|Summary}}}}
===Orders and deliveries=== [[File:First Delta A220 delivery (43749329070).jpg|thumb|Delta took delivery of its first A220 in October 2018 and has since become the largest operator of the A220 family.]] {{Main|List of Airbus A220 orders and deliveries}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:List of Airbus A220 orders and deliveries|By type}}}} {{trim|{{#section-h:List of Airbus A220 orders and deliveries|By year}}}}
==Accidents and incidents== The A220 family has recorded one engine-related accident with one fatality due to smoke on board, and one hull loss following a ground fire, {{as of|2026|03|lc=yes}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2025 |title=Safety Database of the Airbus A220 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/type/_A220 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
=== Accidents === * On 23 December 2024, a SWISS International Air Lines A220-300 operating as Flight 1885 from Henri Coanda International Airport to Zurich Airport, diverted to Graz Airport after smoke developed in the cabin and cockpit due to an engine problem, while in cruise flight at FL400. All 79 people on board were evacuated via emergency slides, and the five crew members plus twelve passengers received medical treatment, while an incapacitated cabin crew member was rushed to hospital by helicopter, but died a week later on 30 December.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=Accident Airbus A220-300 HB-JCD, Monday 23 December 2024 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/468093 |access-date=2024-12-30 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=31 December 2024 |title=Swiss cabin crew member dies after A220's engine-related diversion |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/safety/swiss-cabin-crew-member-dies-after-a220s-engine-related-diversion/161251.article |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=FlightGlobal}}</ref> * On 14 June 2025, an airBaltic Airbus A220-300 was undergoing an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) ground-run during scheduled maintenance when a fire ignited in the centre section of the aircraft. The fire was reportedly caused by an ozone filter and resulted in significant thermal damage to the fuselage and wing root section, but no injuries. In December 2025, Airbus Engineering concluded that the aircraft was uneconomical to repair. The aircraft was then written off, marking the first hull loss of an A220 family aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peters|first=Luke|date=2026-03-17|title=First Airbus A220 hull loss confirmed after fire destroys airBaltic jet|url=https://aerospaceglobalnews.com/news/airbus-a220-first-hull-loss-airbaltic/|access-date=2026-03-18|website=AGN|language=en-en}}</ref>
=== Incidents === * After three inflight shutdowns due to PW1500G engine failure in July, September, and October 2019, Swiss International Air Lines temporarily withdrew its fleet for inspection.<ref>{{cite news|title=Third Swiss A220 failure spurs urgent engine checks|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/third-swiss-a220-failure-spurs-urgent-engine-checks-461504/|date=October 15, 2019|author-first1=David |author-last1=Kaminiski-Morrow|work=FlightGlobal|access-date=6 November 2019|archive-date=22 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022104119/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/third-swiss-a220-failure-spurs-urgent-engine-checks-461504/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/article/22028404/swiss-grounds-airbus-a220-planes-after-finding-engine-fault|title=Swiss Grounds Airbus A220 Planes After Finding Engine Fault|website=Industry Week|date=Oct 15, 2019|access-date=10 April 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410203419/https://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/article/22028404/swiss-grounds-airbus-a220-planes-after-finding-engine-fault|url-status=live}}</ref> * On 1 January 2024, a trespasser on the apron at Salt Lake City International Airport died after climbing into the idling engine of a Delta Air Lines A220 that was standing at a de-icing pad.<ref>{{cite news|title=Man dies after crawling inside jet engine at Salt Lake City airport CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/02/us/man-dies-after-crawling-into-jet-engine-at-salt-lake-city-airport/index.html|date=January 2, 2024|author-first1=Pete|author-last1= Muntean |author-first2= Lauren |author-last2=Koenig|work=CNN|access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ksltv.com/611670/man-found-dead-inside-plane-engine-after-breaching-security-at-salt-lake-airport/|title=Man found dead inside plane engine after breaching security at Salt Lake airport|website=KSLTV.com|date=January 2, 2024|access-date=10 January 2024|author-first1=Josh |author-last1=Ellis|author-first2= Mary |author-last2=Culbertson|author-first3= Garna |author-last3=Mejia|author-first4= Shelby |author-last4=Lofton}}</ref> * On 4 January 2025, an Air Canada A220-300 operating as AC609 from Halifax Stanfield International Airport to Toronto-Pearson International Airport suffered a pressurization issue during the climb. Unable to adjust the cabin altitude in manual control, the crew decided to return to base (RTB). After replacing the aft cargo vent flap idler bearing, which had sheared off and caused the vent to open, the aircraft was returned to service.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/469871 | title=Loss of pressurization Incident Airbus A220-300 C-GUPG, Saturday 4 January 2025 }}</ref>
== Aircraft on display == * The third flight test vehicle or FTV3 (A220-100) with around 1,400 flight hours was officially donated on 17 October 2018 at St-Hubert airport to Quebec’s École Nationale d’Aérotechnique (ÉNA), the Canadian province’s sole provider of technical training for aerospace workers, a school affiliated with cégep Édouard-Montpetit.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Van Leeuven |first=Marcel |date=17 October 2018 |title=CSeries Aircraft Lands at École nationale d'aérotechnique to Start New Training Mission |url=https://aviationnews.eu/news/2018/10/c-series-aircraft-lands-at-ecole-nationale-daerotechnique-to-start-new-training-mission/ |access-date=24 August 2024 |work=Aviation News}}</ref> * The first flight test vehicle or FTV1 (A220-100) with around 760 flight hours was converted into an ''A220 full-size mock-up'' on 28 May 2021, at the Airspace Customer Showroom (ACS) located in Toulouse, France. The mock-up will be used by customers who have already selected the A220 and for Airbus to design new cabin layouts. Airlines that are in the final stages of configuring their aircraft will be able to test their lighting and seat selection on the mock-up before their aircraft is delivered.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 May 2021 |title=Airbus reveals its new A220 full size cabin display |work=Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/news/2021-05-airbus-reveals-its-new-a220-full-size-cabin-display |access-date=22 December 2023}}</ref> * The second and seventh flight test vehicles FTV2 (A220-100) and FTV7 (A220-300) respectively were repatriated in December 2023 from Wichita, Kansas (USA) to the main facility in Mirabel, Quebec, where both became part of the ''A220 Flight and Integration Tests Center'', which began operations on 1 January 2024.<ref name="A220_FAF_last"/> It is the second Airbus flight test center, consisting of the two aforementioned test aircraft and aircraft test beds, and is intended to ensure continuous improvement of the A220 family aircraft, in particular by supporting the development of sustainable aviation fuels and studies on the recycling of aviation materials through the partnerships between Airbus, SMEs, research centers and universities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 July 2024 |title=Airbus continues to invest in the A220 and extends its partnership with the Government of Quebec |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/airbus-continues-to-invest-in-the-a220-and-extends-its-partnership-with-the-government-of-quebec-2c747af1 |access-date=3 August 2024 |work=Market Watch}}</ref>
==Specifications== {| class="wikitable sticky-header" style="text-align:center;" |+ Airbus A220 specifications<ref name=cseries_file>{{cite web |url= http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/content/dam/Websites/bca/literature/cseries/Bombardier-Commercial-Aircraft-CSeries-Brochure-en.pdf.pdf |title= CSeries brochure |publisher= Bombardier |date= June 2015 |access-date= 14 June 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150908154642/http://commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/content/dam/Websites/bca/literature/cseries/Bombardier-Commercial-Aircraft-CSeries-Brochure-en.pdf.pdf |archive-date= 8 September 2015 }}</ref><ref name=EASAcert>{{cite web |url= https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS%20EASA%20IM%20A%20570%20Issue%2010.pdf |title= Type certificate data sheet |publisher= EASA |date= 29 January 2018 |access-date= 11 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180711151930/https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS%20EASA%20IM%20A%20570%20Issue%2010.pdf |archive-date= 11 July 2018 }}</ref><ref name=A220ACP>{{cite web |url= https://aircraft.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta126/files/2024-08/A220-ACP-Issue005-01-01Aug2024.PDF |title= Airbus A220 Aircraft characteristics publication |publisher= Airbus |date= 1 August 2024 |access-date= 16 August 2024 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240816105016/https://aircraft.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta126/files/2024-08/A220-ACP-Issue005-01-01Aug2024.PDF |archive-date= 16 August 2024 }}</ref><ref name="A220_FAF_last"/> ! Variant ! A220-100<ref name=CS100_file>{{cite web |url= http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/C-Series-Factsheet_CS100.pdf |title= CS100 Factsheet |publisher= Bombardier |date= June 2015 |archive-date=October 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015044040/http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/C-Series-Factsheet_CS100.pdf}}</ref> ! A220-300<ref name=CS300_file>{{cite web |url= http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/C-Series-Factsheet_CS300.pdf |title= CS300 Factsheet |publisher= Bombardier |date= June 2015 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065427/http://news.commercialaircraft.bombardier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/C-Series-Factsheet_CS300.pdf}}</ref> |- ! Cockpit crew |colspan=2| Two |- ! Max. seating | 135 | 160 |- ! Typical 2-class seating | 100–120 | 120–150 |- ! Seat pitch |colspan=2| {{cvt|28|in|cm|order=flip}} in Y, {{cvt|38|in|cm|order=flip}} in J |- ! Seat width |colspan=2| {{cvt|18.5|to|21|in|cm|order=flip}} |- ! Cargo volume | {{cvt|23.7|m3}} | {{cvt|31.6|m3}} |- ! Length | {{cvt|35|m|ftin}} | {{cvt|38.71|m|ft|0}} |- ! Wing |colspan=2| {{cvt|35.1|m|ftin}} span<br>{{cvt|112.3|m2}} area ({{#expr:35.1/(112.3/35.1)round2}} AR) |- ! Height |colspan=2| {{cvt|11.5|m|ftin}} |- ! Fuselage diameter |colspan=2| {{cvt|3.5|m|ftin}} |- ! Cabin |colspan=2| {{cvt|3.28|m|ftin}} width, {{cvt|2.11|m|ftin}} height |- ! Cabin length | {{cvt|23.7|m|ftin}} | {{cvt|27.5|m|ftin}} |- ! MTOW | {{cvt|63.1|t|lb}} | {{cvt|70.9|t|lb}} |- ! Maximum payload | {{cvt|15.1|t|lb|-2}} | {{cvt|18.7|t|lb|-2}} |- ! OEW<!-- =MZFW - max payload --> | {{cvt|77650|lb|t|order=flip}}<ref name=CS100APP>{{cite web |url= https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/29f7a245-07de-4ed2-b26d-847ee76b71d9/CS100APP-Issue018-18oct2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m5SAiap |title= CS100 Airport planning publication |publisher= Bombardier |date= 18 October 2018 |access-date= 27 February 2019 |archive-date= 27 February 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182212/https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/29f7a245-07de-4ed2-b26d-847ee76b71d9/CS100APP-Issue018-18oct2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mrLI8mg&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mk0juLt&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m5SAiap |url-status= live }}</ref> | {{cvt|81750|lb|t|order=flip}}<ref name=CS300APP>{{cite web |url= https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/c9d3b117-3b3f-44a4-a49b-097ee8ee0d90/CS300APP-Issue011-18oct2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG |title= CS300 Airport planning publication |publisher= Bombardier |date= 18 October 2018 |access-date= 27 February 2019 |archive-date= 27 February 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182127/https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/c9d3b117-3b3f-44a4-a49b-097ee8ee0d90/CS300APP-Issue011-18oct2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mrLIlxr&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=mfQAtpQ&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG |url-status= live }}</ref> |- ! Fuel capacity |colspan=2| {{cvt|21918|L|USgal impgal}} |- ! Range | {{Cvt|6700|km|nmi|disp=output only}} ({{Cvt|6700|km|km|disp=output only}}; {{Cvt|6700|km|mi|disp=output only}}) | {{cvt|3400|nmi}} |- ! Cruise speed |colspan=2| {{cvt|0.82|Mach|altitude_ft=27500|knots km/h mph|0}} max at 27,500 ft<br> {{cvt|0.78|Mach|altitude_ft=41000|knots km/h mph|0}} typical |- ! Takeoff distance (@ MTOW) | {{cvt|4800|ft|m|order=flip}} | {{cvt|6200|ft|m|order=flip}} |- ! Landing distance (@ MLW) | {{cvt|4550|ft|m|order=flip}} | {{cvt|4950|ft|m|order=flip}} |- ! Ceiling |colspan=2| {{cvt|41000|ft|m|-1}} |- ! Engines |colspan=2| 2× Pratt & Whitney PW1500G |- ! Unit thrust<ref name=A220PX1500G>{{cite web |url= https://prd-sc102-cdn.rtx.com/-/media/pw/products/commercial-jet-engines/pratt-and-whitney-gtf/family/files/pw_gtf_pc_pw1500g_2021_web.pdf |title= PW1500G Powering the A220 |publisher= Pratt & Whitney |date= July 2024 |access-date= 16 August 2024 }}</ref> | PW1519G: {{cvt|88|kN|lb(f)}}<br /> PW1521G: {{cvt|98|kN|lb(f)}}<br /> PW1524G: {{cvt|108.5|kN|lb(f)}}<br /> PW1525G: {{cvt|108.5|kN|lb(f)}} | PW1521G-3: {{cvt|98|kN|lb(f)}}<br />PW1524G-3: {{cvt|108.5|kN|lb(f)}}<br />PW1525G-3: {{cvt|108.5|kN|lb(f)}} |- ! ICAO type<ref name=ICAOtype>{{cite web |url=https://www.icao.int/publications/DOC8643/Pages/Search.aspx |title=Aircraft Type Designators |publisher=ICAO |access-date=20 October 2017 |archive-date=1 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001025516/https://www.icao.int/publications/DOC8643/Pages/Search.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> | BCS1 | BCS3 |} {{notelist}}
=== Aircraft type designations === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" |- ! Aircraft model !! Certification date !! Engines<ref name=typecert>{{cite web |url= https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/downloads/20962/en |title= Type certificate data sheet No. EASA.A.570 for AIRBUS A220 SERIES |date= 5 July 2023 |publisher= European Aviation Safety Agency}}</ref> |- |A220-100 ||9 May 2023 ||PW1519G |- |A220-100 ||18 October 2021 ||PW1521G |- |A220-100 ||16 June 2016 ||PW1524G |- |A220-300 ||7 October 2016 ||PW1521G-3 |- |A220-300 ||26 April 2017 ||PW1524G-3 |}
==See also== {{Portal|Aviation|Canada|European Union}}
{{aircontent |see also= |related= * Bombardier CRJ700/900/1000 * Comac C919 (agreement between Comac and Bombardier for program commonalities)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.33466-comac-and-bombardier-sign-definitive-agreement-to-establish-commonality-opportunities-between-c919-and-cseries-aircraft.bombardiercom.html |title=COMAC and Bombardier Sign Definitive Agreement to Establish Commonality Opportunities Between C919 and CSeries Aircraft |author=Bombardier Inc. |date=21 March 2012 |access-date=13 September 2013 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310024859/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.33466-comac-and-bombardier-sign-definitive-agreement-to-establish-commonality-opportunities-between-c919-and-cseries-aircraft.bombardiercom.html |archive-date=10 March 2017}}</ref> * Yakovlev MC-21 (agreement between Irkut and Bombardier for joint customer support)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-aerospace_20130828_irkut.bombardiercom.html |title=Bombardier, IRKUT Entering Exploratory Discussions on Customer Support for the MS-21 Aircraft |author=Bombardier Inc. |date=28 August 2013 |access-date=13 September 2013 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310025036/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bombardier-aerospace_20130828_irkut.bombardiercom.html |archive-date=10 March 2017}}</ref> |similar aircraft=<!-- aircraft that are of similar Role, Era, and Capability this design: --> * Airbus A320neo family * Boeing 717 * Boeing 737 MAX * Comac C909 * Embraer E-Jets/E-Jets E2 * Yakovlev SJ-100 |lists= * List of civil aircraft * List of jet airliners }} {{clear}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons and category|Airbus A220}} * {{official website|https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/passenger-aircraft/a220-family}} * {{cite web |url= https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/29f7a245-07de-4ed2-b26d-847ee76b71d9/CS100-APP-Issue014-01-07Jun2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mfQAh1q&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m72yga4&CVID=m5SAiap |title= CS100 Airport planning publication |date= 7 June 2018 |publisher= Bombardier}} * {{cite web |url= https://eservices.aero.bombardier.com/wps/wcm/connect/eServices/c9d3b117-3b3f-44a4-a49b-097ee8ee0d90/CS300APP-Issue008-15Mar2018.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=m8-3-EA&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG&CVID=lULngSG |title= CS300 Airport planning publication |date= 7 June 2018 |publisher= Bombardier}} * {{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2016/11/09/flying-the-cseries/ |title= Flying the CSeries |author-first1= Bjorn|author-last1= Fehrm |date= 9 November 2016 |work= Leeham News}} * {{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-we-put-bombardiers-cseries-through-its-431271/ |title= Flight Test: We put Bombardier's CSeries through its paces |author-first1= Mike |author-last1=Gerzanics |date= 11 November 2016 |work= Flight Global}} * {{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/aviation-week-space-technology/pilot-report-bombardier-s-c-series-sets-new-standard |title= Pilot Report: Bombardier's C Series Sets New Standard |date= 3 February 2017 |author-first1= Fred |author-last1=George |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}
{{Airbus aircraft}} {{Airbus airliners timeline}} {{Bombardier aircraft}} {{Aircraft manufactured in Canada}}
Category:Airbus A220 A220 A220 Category:2010s Canadian airliners Category:Twinjets Category:Low-wing aircraft Category:Aircraft first flown in 2013 Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear