{{Short description|Ninth year of school education in some school systems}}
'''Ninth grade''' (also '''9th''' or Grade '''9''') is the ninth [[Educational stage|year]] of [[Formal education|formal]] or [[compulsory education]] in some countries. It is generally part of [[high school]] or [[secondary school]] depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
==Afghanistan== {{Main article|Education in Afghanistan}} In [[Afghanistan]], ninth grade is the third year of secondary school, which starts in seventh grade.<ref name="Graham-Harrison">{{cite news |last1=Graham-Harrison |first1=Emma |title=Taliban ban girls from secondary education in Afghanistan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/17/taliban-ban-girls-from-secondary-education-in-afghanistan |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=The Guardian |date=17 September 2021}}</ref> Under the [[2004 Constitution of Afghanistan]], education up to ninth grade (about age 15) was compulsory.<ref name="Easar">{{cite journal |last1=Easar |first1=Farhat |last2=Azizi |first2=Hadia |last3=Rahmani |first3=Khudaynazar |last4=Moradi |first4=Mujtaba |last5=Taieb |first5=Rajab |last6=Faqiryar |first6=Wasal Naser |title=Education in Afghanistan since 2001: Evolutions and Rollbacks |journal=Research Series of Rumi Organization for Research |date=2023 |volume=1 |url=https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/85341/ssoar-2023-easar_et_al-Education_in_Afghanistan_since_2001.pdf |access-date=15 May 2023 |publisher=Rumi Organization for Research}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moreno |first1=Juan Manuel |title=Secondary Education in Afghanistan: A Portray of Post-Conflict Education Reconstruction |journal=Revista Española de Educación Comparada |date=2005 |issue=11 |pages=381–406 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1114903672?parentSessionId=OSURPkqKPAZI%2B7cbbsA9OxC8PJ4fnHf241XkMjR5FLw%3D |access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> In 2013, students were generally gender-segregated by ninth grade, with female students taught by female teachers.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Carberry |first1=Sean |last2=Faizy |first2=Sultan |title=Are Afghanistan's Schools Doing As Well As Touted? |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/10/24/240482395/are-afghanistans-schools-doing-as-well-as-touted |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=NPR |date=24 October 2013 |language=en}}</ref>
In 2021, the [[Taliban]] abolished the 2004 constitution and banned female students from attending secondary school.<ref name="Graham-Harrison"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Afghanistan school year starts without millions of teenage girls |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/3/23/afghanistan-school-year-starts-without-teenage-girls |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=Al Jazeera |date=23 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref> In March 2022, the Taliban announced that secondary schools would reopen for girls but closed them again soon after.<ref>{{cite news |title=Afghanistan girls' education: 'When I see the boys going to school, it hurts' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65058099 |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=BBC News |date=27 March 2023}}</ref>
==Brazil== {{Main article|Education in Brazil}} In [[Brazil]], grade 9 (''9º Ano or 9ª Série'') is the fourth and last year of middle school. It is the ''nono ano do Ensino Fundamental II''.
==Canada== {{Main article|Education in Canada}} In [[Canada]], the equivalent is Grade 9. In most of Canada, Grade 9 is the last year of junior high school or the first year of high school depending on province and students are typically about age 15.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canada's provincial grade levels |url=https://www.ourkids.net/school/canadian-province-grade-levels |website=Our Kids |access-date=16 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref> In [[Quebec]], however, Grade 9 is the middle year of its five-year high school program.<ref>{{cite web |title=High school in Canada |url=https://www.educanada.ca/study-plan-etudes/secondary-secondaire.aspx?lang=eng |website=EduCanada |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=15 December 2010}}</ref>
==Denmark== {{Main article|Education in Denmark}} In [[Denmark]], grade 9 (around age 16, also called form level 9) is the final year of compulsory education, and grade 10 is optional.<ref name="UCAS">{{cite web |title=Denmark: General upper secondary examination suite |url=https://qips.ucas.com/qip/denmark-general-upper-secondary-examination-suite |website=UCAS Qualification Information Profiles |access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="Denmark Eurydice">{{cite web |title=Denmark {{!}} Overview |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/denmark/overview |website=Eurydice |publisher=European Commission |access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> Public comprehensive schools up to grade 10 are called {{lang|da|Folkeskole}}.<ref name="Denmark Eurydice"/> Grade 9 subjects include Danish, English, Christian studies, history, social studies, mathematics, geography, biology, physics/chemistry and German and French as electives.<ref name="MCE Denmark">{{cite web |title=The Folkeskole {{!}} Examinations and Other Forms of Assessment |url=https://eng.uvm.dk/primary-and-lower-secondary-education/the-folkeskole/examinations-and-other-forms-of-assessment |website=Ministry of Children and Education |access-date=16 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Students must sit compulsory school-leaving exams at the end of grade 9, and must also complete a mandatory project assignment during the year.<ref name="MCE Denmark"/>
After grade 9, students have the option of attending general or vocational upper secondary education for two or three years until they are around 19.<ref name="UCAS"/><ref name="Denmark Eurydice"/>
==Finland== {{Main article|Education in Finland}} In [[Finland]], ninth grade is the last year of compulsory schooling.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Finnish education system |url=https://www.infofinland.fi/en/education/the-finnish-education-system |website=infoFinland.fi |access-date=15 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Students are generally aged around 16 when they finish 9th grade.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Colagrossi |first1=Mike |title=10 reasons why Finland's education system is the best in the world |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/09/10-reasons-why-finlands-education-system-is-the-best-in-the-world |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=World Economic Forum |date=10 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref> They can then attend vocational or academic high schools (generally for 3 years).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hancock |first1=LynNell |title=Why Are Finland's Schools Successful? |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/why-are-finlands-schools-successful-49859555/ |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=Smithsonian Magazine |date=September 2011 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Overview {{!}} Finland |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/overview |website=Eurydice |publisher=European Commission |access-date=15 May 2023}}</ref>
==Germany== {{Main article|Education in Germany}} In [[Germany]], grade 9 (about age 15) is generally the last year of lower secondary school and the end of compulsory full-time education. Qualifications gained in this year will determine the student's eligibility for academic or vocational upper secondary school.<ref>{{cite web |title=Germany {{!}} Overview |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/germany/overview |website=Eurydice |publisher=European Commission |access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref>
==India== {{Main article|Education in India}} Following the [[National Education Policy 2020]], ninth grade in India is the buffer year between middle and high school (generally ages 13 to 14).<ref name="Deccan">{{Cite web|first=Sagar|last=Kulkarni|date=2020-07-29|title=New policy offers 5-3-3-4 model of school education|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/new-policy-offers-5-3-3-4-model-of-school-education-867234.html|access-date=2020-08-09|website=Deccan Herald|archive-date=1 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801161808/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/new-policy-offers-5-3-3-4-model-of-school-education-867234.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=New education policy: The shift from 10+2 to 5+3+3+4 system|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/economy/article/new-education-policy-the-shift-from-102-to-5334-system/629902|first=Shuchita|last=Kumar|date=31 July 2020|access-date=2020-08-09|website=Times Now|archive-date=11 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811102335/https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/economy/article/new-education-policy-the-shift-from-102-to-5334-system/629902|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ADG">{{cite web |title=Indian Curriculum |url=https://www.adek.gov.ae/Education-System/Private-Schools/Curriculum/Indian-Curriculum |website=Abu Dhabi Government |access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> The intention of the new policy for ninth grade is to encourage multidisciplinary study, with students having greater flexibility and choice of subjects.<ref name="Deccan"/><ref name="ADG"/> Schools are affiliated with various curriculum and education boards which set required subjects based on the national curriculum;<ref name="ADG"/> for example, students attending [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]] schools must take five compulsory subjects (English, Sanskrit/Hindi, Mathematics, Social Studies and Science) and may take up to four electives.<ref>{{cite news |title=CBSE offers nine subjects for Class 9th and 10th students |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/cbse-offers-nine-subjects-for-class-9th-and-10th-students/articleshow/75024114.cms |access-date=16 May 2023 |work=The Times of India |date=7 April 2020}}</ref>
== Kazakhstan == {{Main article|Education in Kazakhstan}} In [[Kazakhstan]], Grade 9 ({{Lang|KK|9-сынып}}) is the final year of basic secondary education ({{Lang|kk|негізгі орта мектеп}}). Students typically enter at 14–15 years old and take the State Final Attestation (SFA) exams, which determine eligibility for upper secondary education or vocational programs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Education in Kazakhstan|url=https://wenr.wes.org/2021/07/education-in-kazakhstan|website=WENR|date=2021-07-29|access-date=2025-11-29|language=en-US|first=Sidiqa|last=AllahMorad|editor-last=Mackie|editor-first=Chris}}</ref>
==Kuwait== {{Main article|Education in Kuwait}}
In [[Kuwait]], ninth grade is the last year of intermediate school and students are usually around 14 years old.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kuwait |url=https://timssandpirls.bc.edu/timss2015/encyclopedia/countries/kuwait/ |website=TIMSS 2015 Encyclopedia |date=2016 |access-date=27 May 2023}}</ref> At this level, the school district runs standardized tests at the end of the second and fourth quarters of the year, and students will be promoted to grade 10 (the first year of secondary school) if they achieve at least 50% in each subject.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kuwait: Monitoring Student Progress in Mathematics and Science |url=https://timssandpirls.bc.edu/timss2015/encyclopedia/countries/kuwait/monitoring-student-progress-in-mathematics-and-science/ |website=TIMSS 2015 Encyclopedia |access-date=27 May 2023 |date=2016}}</ref> Under the [[Constitution of Kuwait]], all Kuwaitis are entitled to a free education until the end of secondary school, but a large percentage of the population is non-Kuwaiti and not covered by this requirement. There are also no legal rules preventing students from dropping out at age 15, after completing ninth grade.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Omar |first1=Said Ismail |title=Leave no child behind: boys’ disengagement from education: Kuwait case study |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000381174 |website=UNESCO |access-date=27 May 2023 |date=2022}}</ref>
==Mexico== {{Main article|Education in Mexico}}
[[File:Mexican ninth grade girls from a public school in their maroon uniform..jpg|thumb|Mexican ninth graders, seen wearing a uniform]] In Mexico, ninth grade is the last year of {{lang|es|Educación Secundaria}} (lowenr secondary education). Schooling up to ninth grade became compulsory in 1992, although {{As of|2019|lc=yes}}, some areas (particularly rural and indigenous communities) still have low participation rates.<ref name="Monroy">{{cite web |last1=Monroy |first1=Carlos |last2=Trines |first2=Stefan |title=Education in Mexico |url=https://wenr.wes.org/2019/05/education-in-mexico-2 |website=World Education News and Reviews |access-date=27 May 2023 |date=23 May 2019}}</ref> It is the last year of basic education in Mexico, and students are generally aged 14–15.<ref name="OECD Mexico">{{cite book |author1=OECD |title=Implementing Education Policies, Strong Foundations for Quality and Equity in Mexican Schools |date=7 March 2019 |isbn=9789264661950 |url=https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/c0daae73-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/c0daae73-en |access-date=27 May 2023 |language=en |chapter=Chapter 1: An overview of the education system in Mexico}}</ref>
Students will either take an academic program ({{lang|es|secundaria general}}), a vocational and technical program ({{lang|es|secundaria técnica}}) or a distance program ({{lang|es|telesecundaria}}). All programs include courses on Spanish, English, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, history, civics, geography, arts, other languages and sometimes specialised subjects specific to local areas (for example, indigenous languages).<ref name="Monroy"/><ref name="OECD Mexico"/> {{As of|2019}}, just over half of students were enrolled in {{lang|es|secundaria general}}, around 27% in {{lang|es|secundaria técnica}}, and the rest in {{lang|es|telesecundaria}}.<ref name="Monroy"/><ref name="OECD Mexico"/>
After completing ninth grade, students will be awarded a {{lang|es|Certificado de Educación Secundaria}}. No examinations are required to graduate.<ref name="Monroy"/>
==Norway== {{Main article|Education in Norway}}
In [[Norway]], ninth grade is the middle grade of lower secondary school, called {{lang|no|ungdomsskole}} (ages 13 to 16).<ref>{{cite web |title=Education system Norway described and compared with the Dutch system |url=https://www.nuffic.nl/sites/default/files/2020-08/education-system-norway.pdf |website=Nuffic: The Dutch organisation for internationalisation in education |access-date=28 May 2023 |date=January 2015}}</ref> Education up to tenth grade is mandatory for Norwegian students, and courses must align with the national curriculum.<ref name="Eurydice Norway">{{cite web |title=Overview {{!}} Norway |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/overview |website=Eurydice |publisher=European Commission |access-date=28 May 2023}}</ref> Although students must take national standardised tests in numeracy and reading in ninth grade, the results do not affect progression to tenth grade or to admission to upper secondary school.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Jørstad |first=Oscar Skovdahl |title=The older the better? Relative age and grade effects on Norwegian national test performance |type=MSc |url=https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/78671/MAE4090_Thesis_Candidatenr_1113.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |date=Spring 2020 |access-date=28 May 2023 |publisher=University of Oslo}}</ref>
==Pakistan== {{Main article|Education in Pakistan}}
In Pakistan ninth grade is the first year of secondary education, which may be general (four years) or vocational (two years).<ref name="Nuffic Pakistan">{{cite web |title=Pakistan: Primary and secondary education |url=https://www.nuffic.nl/en/education-systems/pakistan/primary-and-secondary-education |website=Nuffic: The Dutch organisation for internationalisation in education |access-date=29 May 2023}}</ref> Students are generally 14–15 years old.<ref name="Adek">{{cite web |title=Pakistani Curriculum |url=https://www.adek.gov.ae/Education-System/Private-Schools/Curriculum/Pakistani-Curriculum |website=Abu Dhabi Department of Education and Knowledge |access-date=29 May 2023}}</ref> The country's constitution provides for free and compulsory education up to grade 10 (age 16), but in practice only around 30% of children attend high school.<ref name="Hunter">{{cite web |last1=Hunter |first1=Robert |title=Education in Pakistan |url=https://wenr.wes.org/2020/02/education-in-pakistan |website=World Education News and Reviews |access-date=29 May 2023 |date=25 February 2020}}</ref> In all school grades, boys outnumber girls; in 2017, only 13% of Pakistani girls were still in school at ninth grade level.<ref name="HRW">{{cite web |title=Shall I Feed My Daughter, or Educate Her? |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/11/13/shall-i-feed-my-daughter-or-educate-her/barriers-girls-education-pakistan |website=Human Rights Watch |access-date=29 May 2023 |date=12 November 2018}}</ref>
At a general school, students choose their subjects at the beginning of ninth grade and then sit [[Secondary School Certificate]] examinations in these subjects at the end of tenth grade. Students usually select eight subjects, including four or five compulsory subjects (typically English, [[Urdu]], mathematics, Islamic studies and Pakistan studies) and three electives. Generally the electives will be chosen from one of three different specialised streams: humanities (e.g. geography, economics), science (e.g. biology, chemistry) or technical subjects (e.g. engineering).<ref name="Nuffic Pakistan"/><ref name="Hunter"/> Passing the exams allows entry into eleventh grade and upper secondary education.<ref name="Nuffic Pakistan"/>
At a technical school, students typically obtain a vocational diploma after sitting exams at the end of tenth grade, in subjects including English, a Pakistani language, Islamic studies, physics, mathematics, technical drawing and theory, and practical training for their chosen profession.<ref name="Nuffic Pakistan"/>
Some students, particularly those in rural areas, may attend religious Islamic schools (known as ''[[madrasahs]]'') which do not have standardised curricula. Some of these schools provide only religious education, while others may include subjects from the national curriculum and equivalent examinations.<ref name="Hunter"/> In 2020, it was announced that ''madrasahs'' would be required to adopt the national curriculum within four to five years.<ref name="Madrassa">{{cite news |title=Madrassa students to appear in all federal board exams, says Shafqat |url=https://archive.pakistantoday.com.pk/2019/09/04/madrassa-students-to-appear-in-all-federal-board-exams-says-shafqat/ |access-date=29 May 2023 |work=Pakistan Today |date=4 September 2019}}</ref>
==Philippines== {{Main article|Education in the Philippines}}
[[File:Promoting Nuclear Science & Technology Education (08010600) (31547310918).jpg|thumb|Ninth graders in Quezon City, the Philippines]] In the [[Philippines]], ninth grade was formerly known as third year ({{langx|fil|Ikatlong Taon|links=no}}) until it changed to ninth grade ({{langx|fil|Baitang Siyam}}) on June 2, 2014, upon the start of school year 2014–2015 due to the implementation of the [[K–12]] curriculum from May 20, 2008, and became effective on April 24, 2012. Both the old and current system are called as junior year.<ref>{{cite web |title=An Overview of the K to 12 Curriculum in the Philippines |url=https://k12philippines.com/overview-of-k-to-12-curriculum-in-the-philippines/ |website=K12 Philippines |access-date=29 May 2023 |date=2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The K to 12 Basic Education Program |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/k-12-old/ |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. |access-date=29 May 2023 |language=en |date=30 November 2012}}</ref> Students at this level are usually 14–15 years old.<ref>{{cite web |title=World Data On Education {{!}} Philippines |url=http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Publications/WDE/2010/pdf-versions/Philippines.pdf |website=UNESCO |access-date=29 May 2023 |date=May 2011}}</ref>
Before the 2016–2017 school year, secondary school covered grades 7 to 10 (high school) and was not compulsory. Due to the implementation of the K–12, secondary education was extended to cover grades up to 12. Grades 7 to 10 are now junior high school and attendance at this level is free and compulsory.<ref name="Macha">{{cite web |last1=Macha |first1=Wilson |last2=Mackie |first2=Chris |last3=Magaziner |first3=Jessica |title=Education in the Philippines |url=https://wenr.wes.org/2018/03/education-in-the-philippines |website=World Education News and Reform |access-date=29 May 2023 |date=6 March 2018}}</ref>
The subjects covered at junior high school level are the same as those covered at elementary school, including Filipino, English, Mathematics, Science, Social Science, Philippine history and culture, physical education and arts. Subjects are taught in English and Filipino, unlike earlier grades, which may be taught in students' native or indigenous languages.<ref name="Macha"/><ref name="UNICEF Ph">{{cite web |author1=Coram International |title=Situation Analysis of Children in the Philippines {{!}} UNICEF Philippines |url=https://www.unicef.org/philippines/reports/situation-analysis-children-philippines |website=UNICEF |access-date=29 May 2023 |language=en |date=1 October 2018}}</ref>
Students can also start at the young age of 13.
==Portugal== {{Main article|Education in Portugal}}
In Portugal, the ninth grade ({{lang|pt|nono ano}}, {{lang|pt|9º ano}}) is the last year of the three-year lower secondary school program ({{lang|pt|3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico}}).<ref name="Eury PT">{{cite web |title=Organização do ensino básico |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/pt-pt/national-education-systems/portugal/organizacao-do-ensino-basico |website=Eurydice |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=pt |date=24 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="Eury PT EN">{{cite web |title=Single-structure primary and lower secondary education |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/portugal/single-structure-primary-and-lower-secondary-education |website=Eurydice |access-date=30 May 2023 |date=29 March 2023}}</ref> Students are generally around 14 years old. It is followed by the tenth grade, the first year of three-year upper secondary education ({{lang|pt|Ensino Secundário}}).<ref name="Eury PT"/><ref name="Eury PT EN"/> School is free and compulsory in Portugal up to twelfth grade.<ref>{{cite web |title=The education system in Portugal |url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/education/children-education/the-education-system-in-portugal-105195/#secondary-education |website=Expatica |access-date=30 May 2023}}</ref> At the end of the ninth grade, students must take national final exams ({{lang|pt|Provas finais nacionais}}).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aguilar |first1=Mafalda |title=Exames nacionais e provas: datas para o ano letivo 2022-2023 |url=https://www.montepio.org/ei/pessoal/emprego-e-formacao/calendario-provas-de-afericao-provas-finais-de-ciclo-e-exames-finais-nacionais/ |website=Associação Mutualista Montepio |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=pt |date=1 March 2023}}</ref>
==Sweden== {{Main article|Education in Sweden}}
In Sweden, ninth grade (sometimes also called year 9) is the last year of the upper stage of compulsory education ({{lang|sv|grundskola}}), sometimes known as {{lang|swe|[[högstadium]]}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Skoltermer på engelska |url=https://www.skolverket.se/skolutveckling/anordna-och-administrera-utbildning/administrera-utbildning/skoltermer-pa-engelska |website=Skolverket |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=sv |date=28 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=högstadium |url=https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/h%C3%B6gstadium |website=Nationalencyklopedin |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=sv}}</ref> The students are usually 15–16 years old.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grade placement |url=https://stockholmis.se/admissions/grade-placement/ |website=Stockholm International School |access-date=30 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="ICH">{{cite web |title=Swedish school system |url=https://internationalcitizenhub.com/education/swedish-school-system |website=International Citizen Hub |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=en |date=27 April 2023}}</ref> At the end of ninth grade, students must sit national exams in Swedish, mathematics, English and sciences.<ref>{{cite web |title=National tests year 9: results |url=https://www.scb.se/en/finding-statistics/statistics-by-subject-area/education-and-research/school-system-and-child-daycare/national-tests-year-9-results/ |website=Statistiska Centralbyrån {{!}} Statistics Sweden |access-date=30 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
After completing 9th grade, students can attend non-compulsory upper secondary school (''[[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]]'') or take another form of education, such as a vocational program.<ref name="ICH"/> Entrance requirements differ depending on programme, but generally students will need to have passed at least their Swedish, mathematics and English exams.<ref name="SE">{{cite web |title=The Swedish school system |url=https://sweden.se/life/society/the-swedish-school-system |website=Sweden.se |publisher=Swedish Institute |access-date=30 May 2023 |date=8 December 2022}}</ref> Although not compulsory, most Swedish students continue to upper secondary school.<ref name="ICH"/>
==United States== {{Main article|Education in the United States}}
[[File:APG STEM Expo hosts 400 local ninth-grade students 141118-A-BX117-017.jpg|thumb|Two American ninth graders at the 2014 APG STEM Expo]] In the United States, ninth grade is usually the first year of [[High school#United States|high school]]. In this system, ninth graders are also often referred to as ''[[freshman|freshmen]]''. It can also be the last year of junior high school depending on the state. The average age for U.S. 9th grade students is 14 to 15 years old.<ref name="Loo">{{cite web |last1=Loo |first1=Bryce |title=Education in the United States of America |url=https://wenr.wes.org/2018/06/education-in-the-united-states-of-america |website=World Education News and Reviews |access-date=30 May 2023 |date=12 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d16/tables/dt16_201.20.asp|title=Digest of Education Statistics, 2016|website=nces.ed.gov}}</ref><ref name="Willens">{{cite news |last1=Willens |first1=Michele |title=Ninth Grade: The Most Important Year in High School |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2013/11/ninth-grade-the-most-important-year-in-high-school/281056/ |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=The Atlantic |date=1 November 2013 |language=en}}</ref> The [[University of Chicago]] Consortium on School Research identified in 2017 that passing ninth grade courses is a predictor of high school graduation.<ref name="Mathews">{{cite news |last1=Mathews |first1=Jay |title=To keep high school students on track, there’s no time like the beginning |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/to-keep-high-school-students-on-track-theres-no-time-like-the-beginning/2019/01/18/448c8b30-19ce-11e9-88fe-f9f77a3bcb6c_story.html |access-date=15 May 2023 |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=19 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Predictive Power of Ninth-Grade GPA |url=https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/predictive-power-ninth-grade-gpa |website=UChicago Consortium on School Research |access-date=15 May 2023 |language=en |date=September 2017}}</ref>
In the math curriculum, ninth graders are usually taught algebra, however, they may take geometry or more advanced algebra if they've taken algebra previously. Advanced courses are usually available to ninth graders who are prepared for a more rigorous curriculum, depending on the school district.<ref name="Lynch">{{cite web |last1=Lynch |first1=Matthew |title=What Your Child Should Learn in 9th Grade |url=https://www.theedadvocate.org/child-learn-9th-grade/ |website=The Edvocate |access-date=15 May 2023 |date=28 March 2018}}</ref>
In the English curriculum, most schools offer basic courses, advanced courses, and honors courses. The basic course for a ninth grader will often teach the fundamentals of higher-level literature and how to analyze and respond to such literature.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}} More advanced courses may be offered depending on the school district and may focus on one type of literature, such as [[American literature]] or [[British literature]], and may be taken instead of or besides standard classes.<ref name="Loo"/> Students may study some works of [[William Shakespeare]], such as ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]''.
In the social studies curriculum, there are a variety of different courses that may be offered depending on the school district. For example, students may either take a world history class, a government class, or a U.S./American history class.<ref name="Lynch"/>
In the science curriculum, ninth-grade students are required, in most areas, to take Biology. However, they can take different courses before they take Biology, such as Integrated Science.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}} Other forms of sciences, such as basic physical science or earth sciences, could also be part of the curriculum as well, depending on the school district.
Typically, ninth-graders will be required to earn a minimum number of credits, usually six or seven [[Carnegie Unit and Student Hour|carnegie units]] or roughly five classes per year depending on state, in order to advance to tenth grade. Some schools require community service.<ref name="Loo"/>
==See also== * [[Educational stage]] * [[Year 9]]
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * {{cite book|last=Peasant | first = Eddie|title= Crossing the bridge from eighth to tenth grade: Can ninth grade schools make it better?|year=2006}} * {{cite book | last = Krone Phillips| first = Emily | title = The Make-or-Break Year: Solving the Dropout Crisis One Ninth Grader at a Time | isbn = 9781620973240 | publisher = New Press | date = 2019 }}
==External links== * [https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2013/11/ninth-grade-the-most-important-year-in-high-school/281056/ The Atlantic - Ninth Grade: The Most Important Year in High School (2013)] * [https://usprogram.gatesfoundation.org/news-and-insights/articles/why-is-ninth-grade-a-critical-time-for-students-a-researcher-explains Gates Foundation - Why Is Ninth Grade a Critical Time for Students? (2017)]
{{S-start}} {{Succession box|before=[[Eighth grade]]|title=Ninth Grade|years=age 14–15|after=[[Tenth grade]]|}} {{S-end}}
{{Educational years}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Educational years|9]] [[Category:Secondary education]]