{{Short description|Asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 7742 Altamira | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 20 October 1985 | discoverer = A. Mrkos | discovery_site = Kleť Obs. | mpc_name = (7742) Altamira | alt_names = 1985 US{{·}}{{mp|1996 BP|2}} | named_after = Cave of Altamira<br />{{small|(World Heritage Site)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}}<br />Henan<ref name="Ferret" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 31.07 yr (11,349 days) | aphelion = 2.9419 AU | perihelion = 2.4989 AU | semimajor = 2.7204 AU | eccentricity = 0.0814 | period = 4.49 yr (1,639 days) | mean_anomaly = 8.9755° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2197|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 4.1454° | asc_node = 124.91° | arg_peri = 293.48° | dimensions = {{val|6.477|0.174}} km<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />8.74 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | rotation = {{val|2.700|0.010}} h<ref name="Chang-2015" /> | albedo = 0.057 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.184|0.038}}<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Masiero-2011" /> | spectral_type = L<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}C {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = 13.6<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{val|13.570|0.090}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Chang-2015" />{{·}}{{val|13.64|0.22}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}13.4<ref name="WISE" />{{·}}14.02<ref name="lcdb" /> }}
'''7742 Altamira''', provisional designation {{mp|1985 US}}, is a Henan asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos at the South Bohemian Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic, on 20 October 1985.<ref name="MPC-Altamira" /> It was named for the Cave of Altamira in Spain.<ref name="springer" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Altamira'' is a member of the Henan family ({{small|532}}),<ref name="Ferret" /> a large asteroid family in the intermediate main-belt, named after 2085 Henan.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}} It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.5–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,639 days; semi-major axis of 2.72 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins at Palomar Observatory in May 1988, two and a half years after its official discovery observation at Klet.<ref name="MPC-Altamira" />
== Physical characteristics ==
=== Spectral type ===
''Altamira'' has been characterized as an L-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey,<ref name="Veres-2015" /> which agrees with the overall spectral type for members of the Henan family.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}
=== Rotation period ===
In January 2014, a rotational lightcurve of ''Altamira'' was obtained from photometric observation by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a short rotation period of {{val|2.7}} hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.11 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Chang-2015" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Altamira'' measures 6.5 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.184.<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Masiero-2011" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and consequently calculates a larger diameter of 8.7 kilometers.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named after the famous Cave of Altamira, located in northern Spain. Discovered in 1879, its prehistoric cave paintings feature drawings of wild bison, deer, horses and boar, as well as handprints of the artists who created them. The cave with its paintings has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The asteroid's name was proposed by Czech astronomer Miloš Tichý.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 24 June 2002 ({{small|M.P.C. 46008}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2016-11-15 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 7742 Altamira (1985 US) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2007742 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 22 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 613 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_6653 |chapter = (7742) Altamira }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Altamira">{{cite web |title = 7742 Altamira (1985 US) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=7742 |access-date = 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 7742 Altamira – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 |work = Small Bodies Data Ferret |url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=7742+Altamira#Asteroid%207742%20AltamiraEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 |access-date = 27 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite book |first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný |first2 = M. |last2 = Broz |first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba |date = December 2014 |chapter = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families |title = Asteroids IV |pages = 297–321 |bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N |doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 |arxiv = 1502.01628 |isbn = 978-0-8165-3213-1}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 7742 |access-date = 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 |access-date= 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Chang-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Chan-Kao |last1 = Chang |first2 = Wing-Huen |last2 = Ip |author-link2= Ip Wing-huen |first3 = Hsing-Wen |last3 = Lin |first4 = Yu-Chi |last4 = Cheng |first5 = Chow-Choong |last5 = Ngeow |first6 = Ting-Chang |last6 = Yang |first7 = Adam |last7 = Waszczak |first8 = Shrinivas R. |last8 = Kulkarni |first9 = David |last9 = Levitan |first10 = Branimir |last10 = Sesar |first11 = Russ |last11 = Laher |first12 = Jason |last12 = Surace |first13 = Thomas. A. |last13 = Prince |date = August 2015 |title = Asteroid Spin-rate Study Using the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJS..219...27C |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |volume = 219 |issue = 2 |page = 19 |bibcode = 2015ApJS..219...27C |doi = 10.1088/0067-0049/219/2/27 |arxiv = 1506.08493 |access-date= 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 13 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 4 December 2016}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs005001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|7742}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Altamira}} 007742 Category:Discoveries by Antonín Mrkos Category:Named minor planets 19851020