{{Short description|Stony Nysian asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 7166 Kennedy | background = #D6D6D6 | image = 7166 Kennedy Animation.gif | image_scale = | caption = ''Kennedy'' imaged by LONEOS in October 2004 | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discoverer = E. Bowell | discovery_site = Anderson Mesa Stn. | discovered = 15 October 1985 | mpc_name = (7166) Kennedy | alt_names = 1985 TR{{·}}{{mp|1976 JA|10}}<br />{{mp|1991 HC|5}}{{·}}{{mp|1992 OZ|8}} | pronounced = | named_after = Malcolm Kennedy<ref name="springer" /><br />{{nowrap|{{small|(Astronomical Society of Glasgow)}}}} | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(inner)}}<br />Nysa<ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}background<ref name="AstDys-object" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 62.93 yr (22,986 days) | aphelion = 2.7579 AU | perihelion = 2.1036 AU | semimajor = 2.4307 AU | eccentricity = 0.1346 | period = 3.79 yr (1,384 days) | mean_anomaly = 105.04° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2601|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 3.7053° | asc_node = 14.082° | arg_peri = 64.060° | dimensions = 4.42 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|5.129|0.149}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /> | rotation = {{val|3.659|0.0011}} h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /> | albedo = 0.21 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.267|0.048}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /> | spectral_type = S<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Veres-2015" /> | abs_magnitude = 13.5<ref name="WISE" />{{·}}{{val|13.633|0.003}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />{{·}}13.8<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{val|14.06|0.23}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}14.08<ref name="lcdb" /> }}
'''7166 Kennedy''', provisional designation {{mp|1985 TR}}, is a stony Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1985, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, in the United States.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named after Malcolm Kennedy of the Astronomical Society of Glasgow.<ref name="springer" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Kennedy'' is a member of the Nysa family ({{small|405}}), the largest asteroid family of the main belt, consisting of stony and carbonaceous subfamilies. The family, named after 44 Nysa, is located in the inner belt near the Kirkwood gap (3:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter), a depleted zone that separates the central main belt.<ref name="lcdb" /> It is, however, a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.<ref name="AstDys-object" />
It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,384 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in June 1954, more than 31 years prior to its official discovery observation at Anderson Mesa.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Kennedy'' has been characterized as a common stony S-type asteroid by PanSTARRS photometric survey.<ref name="Veres-2015" />
=== Rotation period ===
In December 2012, a rotational lightcurve of ''Kennedy'' was obtained from photometric observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 3.659 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.52 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Kennedy'' measures 5.129 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.267,<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /> while the ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes an albedo of 0.21 and calculates a diameter of 4.42 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 14.08.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named in memory of Malcolm Kennedy (1944–1997), secretary of the Astronomical Society of Glasgow. He was born and raised in New Zealand and became a civil engineer in Scotland.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 8 August 1998 ({{small|M.P.C. 32348}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-06-05 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 7166 Kennedy (1985 TR) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2007166 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (7166) Kennedy |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 580 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_6328 |chapter = (7166) Kennedy }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 7166 Kennedy (1985 TR) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=7166 |access-date = 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 7166 Kennedy – Proper Elements |publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site |url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=7166 |access-date= 29 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 7166 |access-date = 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407}}</ref>
<ref name="Waszczak-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak |first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang |first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek |first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher |first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci |first6 = David |last6 = Levitan |first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace |first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng |first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip |first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita |first11 = George |last11 = Helou |first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince |first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni |date = September 2015 |title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 150 |issue = 3 |page = 35 |bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 |arxiv = 1504.04041 |access-date= 5 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 5 October 2017}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930000059/http://www.astronomicalsocietyofglasgow.org.uk/asteroids.htm Asteroids related to the Astronomical Society of Glasgow], archived website * [http://www.fourmilab.ch/cgi-bin/Yourtel?elements=7166+Kennedy+54400+2.4297457+0.13436680+3.70871+64.17352+14.14308+248.0397400+14.10+0.15+MPO47620&aim=10&z=1&edump=-xe Find 7166 Kennedy in the night sky] * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs005001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|7166}} * {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |7165 Pendleton |number=7166 |7167 Laupheim}} {{Small Solar System bodies}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kennedy}} 007166 Category:Discoveries by Edward L. G. Bowell Category:Named minor planets 19851015