713 series

{{short description|Japanese train type}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox train | name = 713 series | image = JRK Series713 LK2.jpg | imagesize = 300px | caption = Set LK2 in May 2023 | service = February 1984{{snd}}present | manufacturer = [[Hitachi]], [[Tokyu Car]] | factory = | family = | replaced = | yearconstruction = 1983 | yearservice = | refurbishment = 1996, 2008–2010 | yearscrapped = | numberbuilt = 8 vehicles (4 sets) | numberservice = 8 vehicles (4 sets) | numberpreserved = | numberscrapped = | formation = 2 cars per trainset | fleetnumbers = LK1–4 | capacity = | operator = [[JR Kyushu]] | depots = Kagoshima | lines = [[Nippo Main Line]] | carbody = Steel | carlength = {{Convert|20000|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} | width = {{Convert|2946|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | height = | floorheight = | doors = 2 pairs per side | maxspeed = {{Convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} | weight = | acceleration = | deceleration = | traction = [[Thyristor drive]] | poweroutput = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = {{20 kV 60 Hz}} ([[overhead catenary]]) | collectionmethod = [[Pantograph (transport)|Pantograph]] | bogies = | brakes = | safety = | coupling = | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} }}

The {{Nihongo|'''713 series'''|713系}} is a Japanese AC [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) train type first introduced by [[Japanese National Railways]] (JNR) in 1984 and later operated on local services by [[Kyushu Railway Company]] (JR Kyushu).<ref name="neko2009">{{cite book | title = JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 |trans-title= JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009| publisher = Neko Publishing | year = 2009 | location = Japan | page = 309| isbn = 978-4-7770-0836-0}}</ref><ref name="dj346">{{cite journal| last = Saka| first = Masahiro| title = JR九州近郊型電車の現況|trans-title= The current state of JR Kyushu outer-suburban EMUs| journal = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine | volume = 42| issue = 346|pages=14–31|language= Japanese| date = February 2013}}</ref> As of 1 October 2012, all four of the 2-car sets are still in active service.<ref name="jrr2013_winter">{{cite book |title = JR電車編成表 2013冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations – Winter 2013| publisher = JRR | date = November 2012 | location = Japan | page = 230| isbn = 978-4-330-33112-6}}</ref>

==Operations== Based at Kagoshima Depot, the fleet of four 2-car 713 series trains are used on [[Nippo Main Line]] services.<ref name="jrr2013_winter"/>

==Formations== The 2-car sets, numbered LK1 to LK4, are formed as follows.<ref name="jrr2013_winter"/>

{| class="wikitable" |- ! Designation | Mc || T'c |- ! Numbering | KuMoHa 713 || KuHa 712 |}

The KuMoHa 713 car is fitted with one PS101D lozenge-type pantograph.<ref name="jrr2013_winter"/>

==External livery== When delivered, the trains were originally painted in cream ("Cream No. 1") with green ("Green No. 14") bodyside bands, matching the [[715 series]] EMUs.<ref name="jrr1985">{{cite book |title = 国鉄電車編成表１９８５年版 |trans-title= JNR EMU Formations – 1985| publisher = JRR | date = October 2010 | location = Japan | page = 83| isbn = 978-4-330-17610-9}}</ref> Between 1986 and 1987, the sets were repainted in the standard Kyushu livery of white with blue bodyside bands.<ref name="dj346"/>

In 1996, the fleet underwent refurbishment and was repainted in a bright red "Sunshine" livery with blue doors.<ref name="dj346"/>

==History== The 713 series sets were delivered from July 1983, built by [[Hitachi]] and [[Tokyu Car Corporation]], and becoming the first AC-only EMUs to operate in Kyushu.<ref name="dj346"/> They entered service from the start of the February 1984 timetable revision, operating on the [[Nagasaki Main Line]] and [[Sasebo Line]], and based at Minami-Fukuoka Depot.<ref name="dj346"/><ref name="jrr1985"/> Because of their somewhat experimental nature, the cars were originally numbered in the KuMoHa 713-900 and KuHa 712–900 series.<ref name="jrr1985"/>

[[File:JRK713syanai.jpg|thumbnail|Interior of set LK904 in 2007]] Coinciding with the opening of the [[Miyazaki Airport Line]] on 18 July 1996, the fleet underwent extensive refurbishment and were transferred from Minami-Fukuoka Depot to Kagoshima.<ref name="dj346"/> Internally, the fixed transverse seating bays were replaced with pairs of new reclining seats which could be rotated to face the direction of travel.<ref name="dj346"/> Externally, sets received a new bright red "Sunshine" livery with blue doors.<ref name="dj346"/>

The fleet underwent further modifications to allow the sets to work on ''wanman'' [[driver-only operation]] services commencing from October 2003.<ref name="dj346"/>

Between 2008 and 2010, the fleet underwent a second life-extension refurbishment programme, primarily designed to standardize the electrical equipment built by different manufacturers. At the same time, the individual cars were renumbered from the -900 subseries to the -0 subseries, and the sets were renumbered LK1 to LK4.<ref name="dj346"/>

==References== {{Commons category}} {{reflist}}

[[Category:Electric multiple units of Japan]] [[Category:Kyushu Railway Company]] [[Category:Train-related introductions in 1984]] [[Category:Hitachi multiple units]] [[Category:Tokyu Car multiple units]] [[Category:20 kV AC multiple units]]