{{short description|Japanese train type}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}} {{Infobox train | name = 583 series | image = 583系電車N1N2編成.jpg | imagesize = 300px | caption = 583 series N1+N2 set in September 2016 | stocktype = | service = 1967 – April 2017 | manufacturer = [[Hitachi]], [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]], [[Kinki Sharyo]], [[Nippon Sharyo]], [[Tokyu Car Corporation]] | factory = | family = | replaced = | yearconstruction = 1967–1972 | refurbishment = | yearscrapped = | numberconstruction = | numberbuilt = 434 vehicles | numberservice = None | numberpreserved = 6 vehicles | numberscrapped = 271 vehicles (the rest of 153 vehicles were converted to [[419 series|419]] / [[715 series]]) | formation = 6, 10, 12, 13 cars per set | fleetnumbers = | capacity = | operator = {{Plainlist| * {{Colorbull|Black}} [[JNR]] (1967-1987) * {{Colorbull|LawnGreen}} [[JR Hokkaido]] (1987-1990) * {{Colorbull|Green}} [[JR East]] (1987-2017) * {{Colorbull|DodgerBlue}} [[JR-West]] (1987-2013) }} | depots = Akita, Sendai, Kyoto | lines = | carbody = | carlength = | width = | height = | floorheight = | doors = 1 per side (except dining car) | maxspeed = {{Convert|120|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} | weight = | acceleration = {{cvt|1.3|km/h/s}} | deceleration = | traction = [[Resistor|Resistor control]] | poweroutput = | transmission = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = 1,500 V DC, 20 kV AC 50 Hz (583 series), 60 Hz (581, 583 series) | collectionmethod = | bogies = | brakes = [[Dynamic braking|Dynamic brake]], Electro-pneumatic brake | safety = [[ATS-S]], [[ATS-P]] | coupling = | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} | notes = {{Blue Ribbon Award (railway)|1968|11th}} }} [[File:JNR 583 series on Kitaguni service.JPG|thumb|Reliveried 583 series on a ''[[Kitaguni]]'' service in April 2008]]
The {{nihongo|'''581/583 series'''|581/583系}} are a class of limited express [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) introduced in 1967 by [[Japanese National Railways]] and later operated by [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) and [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West) on the through services express ''[[Kitaguni]]'' and other special trains until 2017.
The seats of the 581 and 583 series trains could be transformed into three-berth beds, enabling the trains to be used on both daytime and night train services.
{{As of|2016|10|01}}, just six cars remained in service, operated by JR East and based at Akita Depot for use on additional and charter services.<ref name="jrr2017_winter">{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2017冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations - Winter 2017 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 16 November 2016 |location = Japan |language = ja |page = 422|isbn = 978-4-330-73716-4|title= Jr電車編成表 }}</ref> This last trainset was withdrawn in April 2017.
==Individual car types== * '''KuHaNe 581''': Cab car with air compressor and [[motor-generator]] (150 kVA) * '''KuHaNe 583''': Cab car with air compressor and motor-generator (210 kVA: beneath the floor) * '''MoHaNe 580''': Motored car with two pantographs (1,500 V DC / 20 kV AC 60 Hz) * '''MoHaNe 581''': Motored car coupled to MoHaNe 580 * '''MoHaNe 582''': Motored car with two pantographs (1,500 V DC / 20 kV AC 50/60 Hz) * '''MoHaNe 583''': Motored car coupled to MoHaNe 582 * '''SaHaNe 581''': Intermediate trailer car. All withdrawn. * '''SaRo 581''': Green (first class) intermediate trailer car. The seats cannot be converted into berths. * '''SaRoNe 581''': Converted from SaRo 581 in 1985 for ''[[Kitaguni]]'' services. The berths cannot be converted into seats. * '''SaShi 581''': Dining car. All withdrawn.
<gallery> File:JNR EC TNc581 side view.png|Artist's impression of a KuHaNe 581 coach </gallery>
==Formations== (as of 1 July 2010)<ref name="dj318">{{cite journal| script-title=ja: 世界初の寝台電車 581系・583系 |trans-title = 581/583 Series - The World's First Sleeping Car EMU| journal = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine| volume = 39| issue = 318|pages=10–31| date = October 2010}}</ref>
===JR East (Akita Depot)=== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Car No. !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 |- ! Numbering | KuHaNe 583|| MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || KuHaNe 583 |}
===JR East (Sendai Depot)=== Set N1/N2: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Car No. !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 |- ! Numbering | KuHaNe 583|| MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || KuHaNe 583 |}
===JR West (Kyoto Depot)=== Sets B04-06: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Car No. !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 |- ! Numbering | KuHaNe 581|| MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || MoHaNe 582 || MoHaNe 583 || SaRo 581 || SaRoNe 581 || colspan="2" | MoHaNe 582 || KuHaNe 581 |}
==Interior==
<gallery> File:JNR583seat.JPG|Seating arrangement in a 583 series coach File:West Japan Railway Company(JR WEST) Night Train Express "KITAGUNI" 4.JPG|The interior of a Saro 581 Green seating car in 2010 File:JNR sashi581-19 syanai.jpg|The interior of a SaShi 581 dining car in 1985 </gallery>
==History== [[File:Shinkansen Relay 583 in Sendai 2011.JPG|thumb|A 583 series set at [[Sendai Station (Miyagi)|Sendai Station]] in April 2011, operating a ''[[Shinkansen Relay#Rapid Shinkansen Relay (April 2011)|Shinkansen Relay]]'' service]] The 581 series was introduced in 1967 on the ''[[Midori (train)|Midori]]'' ({{STN|Shin-Ōsaka|x}} - {{STN|Kumamoto|x}} daytime limited express) and ''Gekkō'' (Shin-Osaka - {{STN|Hakata|x}} night limited express).
The 583 series was introduced in 1968 on the ''[[Hatsukari]]'' ({{STN|Ueno|x}} - {{STN|Aomori|x}} via [[Tōhoku Main Line]] daytime), ''[[Hakutsuru]]'' (Ueno - Aomori via Tōhoku Main Line night), and ''[[Yūzuru (train)|Yūzuru]]'' (Ueno - Aomori via [[Jōban Line]] night).
These trains were subsequently used on other limited express services.
In 1982, when the [[Tohoku Shinkansen]] opened, many cars became surplus to requirements, and some were remodeled into [[419 series]] and [[715 series]] EMUs.
The last remaining trainset in service, a six-car set based at JR East's Akita Depot made its final run on 8 April 2017, on a charter service between {{STN|Akita|x}} and {{STN|Hirosaki|x}}.<ref name="mynavi20170218">{{cite web |url= http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2017/02/18/017/ |script-title=ja: JR東日本583系、秋田車両センター所属の最後の編成が引退へ - 4/8最終運行 |trans-title= Last JR East 583 series train to be withdrawn - Final run on 8 April|first= Daisuke |last= Ueshin |date= 18 February 2017|work= Mynavi News |publisher= Mynavi Corporation |location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170219005506/http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2017/02/18/017/ |archive-date= 19 February 2017 |url-status=live |access-date= 19 February 2017}}</ref>
==Preserved examples== {{As of|2018|04}}, six former 581 series cars are preserved statically. * '''KuHaNe 581 8''': Preserved at the Kyushu Railway History Museum in [[Kitakyushu, Fukuoka]] (cosmetically restored from its previous identity as KuHa 715-1).<ref name="sasada2014">{{cite book |script-title=ja: 国鉄&JR保存車大全2015-2016 |trans-title= JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide 2015-2016|last = Sasada|first = Masahiro |publisher = Ikaros Publications Ltd.|date = 25 November 2014 |location = Tokyo, Japan |language = ja |page = 124|isbn = 978-4863209282|title= 国鉄&jr 保存車大全 2015-2016}}</ref> * '''SaHaNe 581 19''': Preserved at the {{Nihongo|"Truck Kingdom"|トロッコ王国}} in [[Bifuka, Hokkaido]].<ref name="sasada2014"/> * '''SaShi 581 31''': Preserved adjacent to the Hachinohe City Museum in [[Hachinohe, Aomori]].<ref name="sasada2014"/> * '''KuHaNe 581 35''': Preserved at the [[Kyoto Railway Museum]] in Kyoto since April 2016.<ref name="railfan662">{{cite magazine|script-title=ja: 京都鉄道博物館 |trans-title= Kyoto Railway Museum |magazine = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]] |volume = 56|issue = 662 |page = 50 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language = ja |date = June 2016}}</ref>
In February 2015, JR-West car KuHaNe 581 35, formerly stored at Suita Depot in Osaka, was moved to Kyoto for exhibition at the Kyoto Railway Museum opening in April 2016. It was returned from its previous ''Kitaguni'' livery to its original JNR blue and cream livery.<ref name="railfan20150215">{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/?02160800|script-title=ja: クハネ581-35が回送される |trans-title= KuHaNe 581-35 moved|date= 15 February 2015|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 16 February 2015}}</ref>
In August 2017, JR East announced the donation of two former intermediate 583 series cars (MoHaNe 582-106 and MoHaNe 583-106), which will be preserved at the National Taiwan Museum in Taiwan. The 583 series is known to be the first sleeper EMU introduced in Japan in the late 1960s.<ref name="Ministry of Culture (Taiwan)">{{cite web|url= http://english.moc.gov.tw/information_196_75217.html|title= Japan donates 2 of world's earliest 'sleeper' train cars to Taiwan|date= 1 August 2017|author= <!--Not stated-->|website=english.moc.gov.tw|publisher= Ministry of Culture of Taiwan (Republic of China)|location= Taiwan|language= en|access-date= 3 May 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180502211835/http://english.moc.gov.tw/information_196_75217.html|archive-date= 2 May 2018|url-status= dead}}</ref>
<gallery> File:Kuhane581 8.jpg|KuHaNe 581 8 at the Kyushu Railway History Museum File:Kyoto-Railway-Museum Series581-35.jpg|KuHaNe 581 35 at the Kyoto Railway Museum in September 2018 File:Mohane 582 106 583 106.jpg|583 series intermediate cars at the Taipei Railway Workshop </gallery>
==In fiction== The story "Ah, My Beloved 583-series" of the anime ''[[The Laughing Salesman#Episode List: The Laughing Salesman NEW|The Laughing Salesman NEW]]'' focuses on a man whose dream is to ride the 583-Type train and is given a once-only chance by Moguro, however boarding the train again condemns him to stay on it forever.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Bento Wars / Ah, My Beloved 583-Type|series=''[[The Laughing Salesman#Episode List: The Laughing Salesman NEW|The Laughing Salesman NEW]]''|number=3|network=[[TV Asahi]]|date=17 April 2017}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * {{cite book| last = Fukuhara| first = Shunichi|script-title=ja: 581・583系物語 |trans-title= The 581 and 583 series story| publisher = JTB Can Books| date = 28 February 2011| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4533081569| title = 581・583系物語: 月光・みどりからきたぐにまで}} * {{cite book| last = Teramoto| first = Mitsuteru|script-title=ja: よみがえる583系 |trans-title= Recalling the 583 series | publisher = Gakken Publishing | date = 2014| location = Japan| isbn = 9784054061095| title = よみがえる583系: 昼夜兼行で走り抜けた「本邦初の寝台電車」の集大成}}
==External links== {{commons category}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.jr-odekake.net/train/kitaguni/index.html |title=''Kitaguni'' 583 series|website=jr-odekake.net |access-date=2010-01-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014165424/http://www.jr-odekake.net/train/kitaguni/index.html |archive-date=14 October 2012|language=ja}}
{{JNR EMU}} {{JR Hokkaido trainsets}} {{JR East EMU}} {{JR-West rolling stock}} {{Portal bar|Trains|Japan}}
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