{{short description|Japanese electric multiple unit train type}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}} {{Infobox train | name = 521 series | image = JRW Series521-G30.jpg | imagesize = 300px | caption = A JR West 521-0 series EMU first build train | stocktype = | service = | manufacturer = {{plainlist| *[[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]] *[[Kinki Sharyo]] |}} | factory = | family = | replaced = {{plainlist| *[[419 series]] *[[413 series]] *[[415 series]] *[[455 series|457 series]] *[[455 series|475 series]] |}} | yearconstruction = 2006– | yearservice = November 2006 | refurbishment = | yearscrapped = | numberconstruction = | numberbuilt = 164 vehicles (82 sets) | numberservice = 160 vehicles (80 sets) ({{as of|2021|04|01|lc=y}}) | numberpreserved = | numberscrapped = | formation = 2 cars per trainset | fleetnumbers = {{plainlist| *E01–E05 *G01–G30 *J01–J23 *U01–U15 |}} | capacity = | operator = {{Plainlist| * [[JR West]] * [[Hapi-Line Fukui]] * [[IR Ishikawa Railway]] * [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]] }} | depots = Tsuruga, Kanazawa | lines = {{Plainlist| * [[Hokuriku Main Line]] * [[Hapi-Line Fukui Line]] * [[Kosei Line]] * [[Nanao Line]] * [[IR Ishikawa Railway Line]] * [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line]] * [[Echigo Tokimeki Railway Nihonkai Hisui Line]] }} | carbody = Stainless steel | carlength = {{convert|20100|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|2950|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|3630|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} | floorheight = {{convert|1120|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} | doors = 3 pairs per side | maxspeed = {{convert|120|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} | weight = | acceleration = | deceleration = | traction = [[variable frequency drive|Variable frequency]] (3-level [[insulated gate bipolar transistor|IGBT]]) | poweroutput = {{cvt|230|kW|hp|0}} per motor | transmission = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = {{1,500 V DC}} / {{20 kV 60 Hz}} ([[overhead line]]) | collectionmethod = WPS28D single-arm [[Pantograph (transport)|pantograph]] | bogies = WDT59B (motored), WTR243C (trailer) | brakes = [[Electronically controlled pneumatic brakes]] with [[regenerative braking]], snow-resistant brake | safety = ATS-SW, ATS-P | coupling = Shibata type | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} }}
The {{Nihongo|'''521 series'''|521系|521-kei}} is a dual-voltage AC/DC outer-suburban [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) train type operated by [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West), along with [[third-sector railway]] operators [[Hapi-Line Fukui]] (as of March 2024),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=福井県並行在来線経営計画 |trans-title=Fukui Prefecture Parallel Conventional Line Management Plan |url=https://www.hapi-line.co.jp/files/uploads/management_plan_202111.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216150530/https://www.hapi-line.co.jp/files/uploads/management_plan_202111.pdf |archive-date=16 December 2023 |access-date=16 March 2024 |website=hapi-line.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref> [[IR Ishikawa Railway]], and [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]] on local services in the Fukui, Kanazawa, and Toyama areas.<ref name="haraguchi2009">{{cite book| last = Haraguchi| first = Takayuki| script-title=ja: Encyclopedia of JR's Railway Cars: ＪＲ全車輌| publisher = Sekai Bunka| date = 2009| location = Japan| page = 90| isbn = 978-4-418-09905-4| title = Jr全車両: ビジュアル決定版}}</ref>
==Design== The 521 series was the first dual-voltage suburban EMU type to be built for JR West. The body of the first two batches was based on the [[223 series|223-5000 series]] suburban EMU design, with the same WMT102C {{Convert|230|kW|4=0|abbr=on}} traction motors.<ref name="neko2009">{{cite book| script-title=ja: JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 |trans-title= JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009| publisher = Neko Publishing| year = 2009| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4-7770-0836-0|title= Jēāru zensharyō handobukku: Rail Magazine 2009}}</ref> The sets are able to be used on ''wanman'' [[driver-only operation]] services.<ref name="haraguchi2009"/>
==Operations==
===JR West=== * 521-0 series ** [[Hokuriku Main Line]] ({{STN|Maibara|x}} – {{STN|Toyama|x}}) ** [[Kosei Line]] ({{STN|Ōmi-Imazu|x}} – {{STN|Ōmi-Shiotsu|x}}) ** [[Obama Line]] ({{STN|Tsuruga|x}} – {{STN|Higashi-Maizuru|x}}, sometimes substituted for 125 series) * 521-100 series ** [[Nanao Line]] (from 3 October 2020)
===Third-sector lines=== * [[Hapi-Line Fukui Line]] * [[IR Ishikawa Railway Line]] * [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line]] * [[Echigo Tokimeki Railway Nihonkai Hisui Line]]
==Fleet== {{As of|2021|04|01}}, JR West operates 50 two-car sets (E01-E05, G14-G15, G17, G20-G24, G28-G30, J01-J19, U01-U15), allocated to Kanazawa depot and Tsuruga depot. The [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]] operates 22 two-car sets (AK01-AK22), and the [[IR Ishikawa Railway]] operates eight two-car sets (IR01-IR08).<ref name="jrr2018_winter">{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2018冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations – Winter 2018 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 15 November 2017 |location = Japan |language = ja |pages = 138–142 |isbn = 978-4-330-84117-5|title= Jr電車編成表 2018冬 }}</ref>
15 additional two-car sets were transferred to [[Hapi-Line Fukui]] in March 2024 following JR West's forefeiture of the Hokuriku Main Line within [[Fukui Prefecture]].<ref name=":0" />
==Formations== Sets consist of one motored and one non-powered trailer car, and are formed as follows.<ref name="neko2009"/><ref name="jrr2015_winter"/>
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Designation | Mc || Tpc' |- ! Numbering | KuMoHa 521 || KuHa 520 |- ! Capacity (total/seated) | 129/48|| 129/40 |- ! Weight | 43.2 t || 44.3 t |}
The KuHa 520 cars are each fitted with one WPD28D single-arm pantograph.<ref name="jrr2015_winter"/>
==Interior== Seating is arranged as 2+2 abreast transverse flip-over seats. The KuHa 520 cars include a toilet.<ref name="jrr2015_winter"/> <gallery> File:Series521 Kuha520-13 Inside.jpg|Interior of a 2nd-batch set in April 2022 File:JRW Kumoha521-36 Inside.jpg|Interior of a 3rd-batch set in July 2022 File:JRW Kumoha521-36 Priority-seat.jpg|Priority seating in July 2022 File:JRW Kuha520-53 Toilet.jpg|Toilet in July 2022 File:JRW Kuha520-53 Inside LED.jpg|LED passenger information display in July 2022 File:Jrw521 unchinhyo.jpg|Fare indicator board for driver-only operated services File:JRW Kuha520-43 Cab.jpg|Driver's cab in April 2022 </gallery>
==History== The first five sets, E01 to E05, were built by [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]] and [[Kinki Sharyo]], and were delivered to Fukui depot between September and October 2006. These entered revenue service from 30 November 2006. The fleet was reallocated to Tsuruga Depot from 1 June 2010.<ref name="jrr2011"/>
Ten more sets, G01 to G10, built by Kinki Sharyo, were delivered to Kanazawa depot between October 2009 and March 2010, entering revenue service from 13 March 2010.<ref name="jrr2011"/> A further five sets, G11 to G15, were delivered from Kawasaki Heavy Industries in December 2010 and January 2011.<ref name="jrr2011">{{cite book |title = JR電車編成表 2011夏 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations – Summer 2011| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = May 2010| location = Japan| page = 139/142| isbn = 978-4-330-21211-1}}</ref> 15 more sets, M01 to M15, were delivered from Kawasaki Heavy Industries to Tsuruga Depot between January and March 2011.<ref name="jrr2011"/>
Nineteen third-batch two-car sets (J01 to J19) were delivered to Tsuruga Depot in fiscal 2013.<ref name="jrr2015_winter">{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2015冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations – Winter 2015 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 21 November 2014 |location = Japan |language = ja |pages = 139–142 |isbn = 978-4-330-51614-1}}</ref> The third-batch sets have cab ends based on the JR West [[225 series]] EMUs, with improved crash resistance, and use [[LED lighting]] for interior lighting.<ref name="railfan634">{{cite journal| script-title=ja:521系3次車|trans-title= 521 series 3rd-batch stock| journal = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]]| volume = 54| issue = 634|pages=54–55|language= ja| date = February 2014}}</ref> These sets entered revenue service in spring 2014.<ref name="railfan634"/>
In December 2019, the first three two-car 521-100 series sets (U01 to U03) for the [[Nanao Line]] were built by Kinki Sharyo.<ref name="521-100">{{cite web |title=521系100番台が登場 |trans-title=521-100 series sets delivered |url=https://railf.jp/news/2019/12/24/203000.html |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=ja |date=24 December 2019}}</ref> Unlike older JR West 521 series sets, the 521-100 series sets feature red waistline striping, reminiscent of the body colour used by older 413 and 415 series trains operated on the line.<ref>{{cite web |title=JR西日本，七尾線に521系を導入 |trans-title=JR West to introduce 521 series on Nanao Line |url=https://railf.jp/news/2019/09/10/190000.html |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=ja |date=10 September 2019}}</ref> By October 2020, a total of fifteen two-car sets were built for JR West.<ref>{{cite web |title=521系100番台U13・U14・U15編成が登場 |trans-title=521-100 series sets U13, U14 and U15 delivered |url=https://railf.jp/news/2020/10/23/202000.html |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=ja |date=22 October 2020}}</ref> Three more sets for the IR Ishikawa Railway (IR06 to IR08) were delivered on 3 December 2020.<ref name="IR06-IR08"/> The 521-100 series fleet entered service on the Nanao Line from 3 October 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=七尾線で521系100番代の営業運転始まる |trans-title=521-100 series begins commercial operation on Nanao Line |url=https://rail.hobidas.com/rmnews/300444/ |website=RM News |publisher=Neko Publishing |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=Japanese |date=6 October 2020}}</ref>
Two more 521-0 series two-car sets (J22 and J23) were built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and delivered to Kanazawa Depot in March 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=521系0番台J22編成・J23編成編成が登場 |trans-title=521-0 series sets J22 and J23 delivered |url=https://railf.jp/news/2021/04/01/210000.html |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=Japanese |date=1 April 2021}}</ref>
==Other operators== 16 two-car 521 series sets were transferred to the [[third-sector railway]] operating company [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]] for use from 14 March 2015 when JR West handed over ownership of the sections of the [[Hokuriku Main Line]] in [[Toyama Prefecture]] running parallel to the new [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]].<ref name="mynavi20130531">{{cite web |url= http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2013/05/31/040/|script-title=ja:富山県の北陸新幹線並行在来線、新社名は「あいの風とやま鉄道」に内定!|trans-title= New company name "Ainokaze Toyama Railway" chosen for old line running parallel to Hokuriku Shinkansen in Toyama Prefecture|date= 31 May 2013|work= Mynavi News|publisher= Mynavi Corporation|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 21 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216163333/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20130531-a040/ |archive-date=16 December 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Likewise, three two-car sets were transferred to the [[IR Ishikawa Railway]], which took over control of the section of the Hokuriku Main Line in [[Ishikawa Prefecture]] from 14 March 2015.<ref name="railfan650">{{cite journal|last = Terada |first = Hirokazu|script-title=ja: 北陸新幹線長野ー金沢間開業 並行在来線4社5路線を訪ねて（１）|trans-title= Visiting the 5 parallel conventional lines of 4 companies following the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen between Nagano and Kanazawa |journal = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]] |volume = 55|issue = 650 |pages=42–47 |language = ja |date = June 2015}}</ref> Two more sets were newly built for the IR Ishikawa Railway.<ref name="railfan650"/>
===Ainokaze Toyama Railway=== {{Multiple image | direction = vertical | image1 = Ainokaze-Toyama Series521-AK02.jpg | caption1 = Ainokaze Toyama Railway 521 series set AK02 in January 2018 | image2 = Ainokaze Toyama Railway 521-1000 AK17 Tomari 20210514.jpg | caption2 = Ainokaze Toyama Railway 521 series set AK17 in May 2021 }} {{As of|2017|10|01}}, the Ainokaze Toyama Railway 521 series fleet is as follows.<ref name="jrr2018_winter"/>
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Set No. !! Former set No. !! Manufacturer !! Delivery date |- | AK01 || G06 || rowspan="8" | [[Kinki Sharyo]] || rowspan="2" | 27 October 2009 |- | AK02 || G07 |- | AK03 || G08 || rowspan="2" | 22 December 2009 |- | AK04 || G09 |- | AK05 || G11 || rowspan="2" | 15 February 2010 |- | AK06 || G12 |- | AK07 || G13 || rowspan="2" | 2 March 2010 |- | AK08 || G15 |- | AK09 || G16 || rowspan="11" | [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]] || rowspan="3" | 18 December 2010 |- | AK10 || G17 |- | AK11 || G18 |- | AK12 || G21 || 12 January 2011 |- | AK13 || G23 || rowspan="2" | 26 January 2011 |- | AK14 || G24 |- | AK15 || G31 || rowspan="2" | 24 February 2011 |- | AK16 || G32 |- | AK17 || – || 12 December 2017 |- |AK21 | – | rowspan="2" |14 February 2023 |- |AK22 | – |}
Five new two-car 521-1000 series sets are scheduled to be introduced over a period of six years, with the first set delivered in December 2017.<ref name="railfan20171213">{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2017/12/13/150000.html |script-title=ja: あいの風とやま鉄道521系1000番台2両が甲種輸送される |trans-title= Ainokaze Toyama Railway 521-1000 series 2-car set delivered |date= 13 December 2017|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171213063129/http://railf.jp/news/2017/12/13/150000.html |archive-date= 13 December 2017|url-status=live |access-date= 13 December 2017}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=December 2021|reason=Update fleet numbers!}} These sets are based on the JR West 3rd-batch design, and are intended to replace the operator's ageing [[413 series]] EMUs.<ref name="railfan20171213"/> On 22 June 2023, it was announced that some of the two-car sets would be lengthened to three cars each in the future after fiscal 2025 to increase transportation capacity on the Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line.<ref>{{cite web |title=利便性向上等のための投資について |url=https://www.pref.toyama.jp/documents/34663/shiryou4_1.pdf |website=Toyama Prefecture |access-date=19 June 2024 |location=Japan |language=Japanese |date=22 June 2023}}</ref>
Sets AK21 and AK22 were delivered in February 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=あいの風とやま鉄道521系4両が甲種輸送される |trans-title=Delivery of 521 Series sets AK21 and AK22 |url=https://railf.jp/news/2023/02/15/113000.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215072452/https://railf.jp/news/2023/02/15/113000.html |archive-date=15 February 2023 |access-date=15 February 2023 |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |language=ja}}</ref>
=== Hapi-Line Fukui === [[File:ハピラインふくい 521系 HF05編成.jpg|thumb|Hapi-Line Fukui 521 series set HF05 in March 2024]]
15 more two-car 521 series sets were transferred to the [[third-sector railway]] operating company [[Hapi-Line Fukui]] for use from 16 March 2024 when JR West handed over ownership of the sections of the [[Hokuriku Main Line]] in [[Fukui Prefecture]] running parallel to the extension of the [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]] from Kanazawa to Tsuruga.<ref name=":0" />
=== IR Ishikawa Railway === {{Multiple image | direction = vertical | image1 = IR Ishikawa Railway 521 tsubata station.JPG | caption1 = IR Ishikawa Railway 521 series set IR03 in June 2015 | image2 = Ishikawa Railway IR521 Kanazawa 201503151841.JPG | caption2 = A later-build IR Ishikawa Railway 521 series set IR05 in March 2015 }}
{{As of|2020|12|04}}, the IR Ishikawa Railway 521 series fleet is as follows.<ref name="jrr2018_winter" /><ref name="IR06-IR08">{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title= |script-title=ja:IRいしかわ鉄道向け521系100番代IR06～IR08編成が落成 |trans-title=IR Ishikawa Railway 521-100 series sets IR06–IR08 delivered |url=https://rail.hobidas.com/rmnews/312301/ |access-date=2023-01-22 |website=RM News |publisher=Neko Publishing |publication-place=Japan}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Set No. !! Former set No. !! Manufacturer !! Delivery date !! Livery accent colour |- | IR01 || G10 || rowspan="2" |[[Kinki Sharyo]] || 22 December 2009 || {{colorbull|YellowGreen}} Light green |- | IR02 || G14 ||2 March 2010 || {{colorbull|Purple}} Purple |- | IR03 || G30 || [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]] || 15 February 2011 || {{colorbull|DarkBlue}} Indigo |- | IR04 || J20 || rowspan="5" |Kinki Sharyo || 6 February 2015 || {{colorbull|DarkGoldenrod}} Ochre |- | IR05 || J21 || 6 February 2015 || {{colorbull|Maroon}} Maroon |- | IR06 || – || rowspan="3" |3 December 2020 || rowspan="3" |– |- | IR07 || – |- | IR08 || – |}
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * {{cite journal| script-title=ja:521系近郊形交直流電車|trans-title= 521 series outer-suburban AC/DC EMU| journal = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]]| volume = 47| issue = 549|pages=54–59|language= ja| date = January 2007}}
==External links== {{commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104214536/http://railf.jp/car/jr/west/521.html JR West 521 series] (Japan Railfan Magazine) {{in lang|ja}}
{{JR-West rolling stock}}
[[Category:Electric multiple units of Japan]] [[Category:West Japan Railway Company]] [[Category:Train-related introductions in 2006]] [[Category:20 kV AC multiple units]] [[Category:Kawasaki multiple units]] [[Category:Kinki Sharyo multiple units]] [[Category:1500 V DC multiple units of Japan]]