{{Short description|Trojan asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 5023 Agapenor | background = #C2FFFF | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 11 October 1985 | discoverer = C. Shoemaker<br />E. Shoemaker | discovery_site = Palomar Obs. | mpc_name = (5023) Agapenor | alt_names = {{mp|1985 TG|3}} | pronounced = {{IPAc-en|æ|g|ə|'|p|iː|n|ɔːr}}<ref>Noah Webster (1884) ''A Practical Dictionary of the English Language''</ref> | named_after = Agapenor<br />{{small|(Greek mythology)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = Jupiter trojan<ref name="MPC-Agapenor" /><ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{small|(Greek camp)}}<ref name="MPC-Jupiter-Trojans" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 31.72 yr (11,585 days) | aphelion = 5.4430 AU | perihelion = 4.9085 AU | semimajor = 5.1758 AU | eccentricity = 0.0516 | period = 11.78 yr (4,301 days) | mean_anomaly = 227.44° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.0837|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 11.777° | asc_node = 308.36° | arg_peri = 84.242° | jupiter_moid = 0.0440 AU | tisserand = 2.9550 | dimensions = {{val|27.850|3.511}} km<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Grav-2012" /><br />46.30 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | rotation = {{val|5.4020|0.0017}} h<ref name="Mottola-2011" /> | albedo = 0.057 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.173|0.093}}<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Grav-2012" /> | spectral_type = X<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}C<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = 10.3<ref name="WISE" />{{·}}10.4<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}{{val|10.88|0.13}}<ref name="Veres-2015" /> }}
'''5023 Agapenor''' {{IPAc-en|æ|g|ə|'|p|iː|n|ɔːr}} is a Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 October 1985, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States.<ref name="MPC-Agapenor" /> The Jovian asteroid was named for Agapenor from Greek mythology.
== Orbit and classification ==
''Agapenor'' orbits in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's {{L4}} Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of its orbit ''(see Trojans in astronomy)''. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 4.9–5.4 AU once every 11 years and 9 months (4,301 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.05 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" />
A precovery was taken at the discovering observatory in September 1985, extending the body's observation arc by 25 days prior to its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-Agapenor" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Agapenor'' has been characterized as an X-type asteroid by PanSTARRS photometric survey.<ref name="Veres-2015" />
=== Rotation period ===
In September 2009, ''Agapenor'' was observed by Italian astronomer Stefano Mottola in a photometric survey of 80 Jupiter trojans, using the 1.2-meter reflector at Calar Alto Observatory in southeastern Spain. The obtained lightcurve gave a rotation period of {{val|5.4020}} hours with a brightness variation of {{val|0.12}} in magnitude ({{small|U=2+}}).<ref name="Mottola-2011" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Agapenor'' measures 27.9 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.17.<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Grav-2012" />
The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous of 0.057 and calculates a significantly larger diameter of 46.3 kilometers.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after Agapenor. He was the leader of the Greek contingent of Arcadians in the Trojan War. The minor planet 1020 Arcadia is named after this able group of warriors. Agapenor was the commander of 60 ships lend to him by Agamemnon, the king of Mycenae and leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War. 911 Agamemnon, one of the largest Jupiter trojans known to exist, is named after the commander of the Greek forces.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 12 July 1995 ({{small|M.P.C. 25443}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-06-05 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 5023 Agapenor (1985 TG3) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2005023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200917121402/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2005023 |url-status = dead |archive-date = 17 September 2020 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 20 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 432 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4891 |chapter = (5023) Agapenor }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Agapenor">{{cite web |title = 5023 Agapenor (1985 TG3) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=5023 |access-date = 16 April 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 18 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Jupiter-Trojans">{{cite web |title = List of Jupiter Trojans |work = Minor Planet Center |date = 20 June 2016 |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/JupiterTrojans.html |access-date = 4 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 5023 |access-date = 16 April 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 |s2cid = 118700974 |access-date= 18 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Mottola-2011">{{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Stefano |last1 = Mottola |first2 = Mario |last2 = Di Martino |first3 = Anders |last3 = Erikson |first4 = Maria |last4 = Gonano-Beurer |first5 = Albino |last5 = Carbognani |first6 = Uri |last6 = Carsenty |first7 = Gerhard |last7 = Hahn |first8 = Hans-Josef |last8 = Schober |first9 = Felix |last9 = Lahulla |first10 = Marco |last10 = Delbò |first11 = Claes-Ingvar |last11 = Lagerkvist |date = May 2011 |title = Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 141 |issue = 5 |page = 32 |bibcode = 2011AJ....141..170M |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170|doi-access= free }}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |s2cid = 53493339 |access-date= 18 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Grav-2012">{{cite journal |first1 = T. |last1 = Grav |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. M. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = J. R. |last4 = Masiero |first5 = C. R. |last5 = Nugent |date = November 2012 |title = WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759...49G |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 10 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759...49G |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49 |arxiv = 1209.1549 |s2cid = 119101711 |access-date= 5 December 2016}}</ref>
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== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs005001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|5023}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Agapenor}} 005023 Category:Discoveries by Carolyn S. Shoemaker Category:Discoveries by Eugene Merle Shoemaker Category:Named minor planets 19851011