{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Boötes}} {{Infobox Galaxy | name = [[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources|3C]] 295 | image = 3C 295 Chandra.jpg | caption = 3C 295 by [[Chandra X-Ray Observatory]] Credit: [[NASA]]/CXC/SAO | epoch = [[J2000]] | ra = {{RA|14|11|20.6}}<ref name=laurent>{{cite journal|last1=Laurent-Muehleisen |first1=S. A. |last2=Kollgaard |first2=R. I. |last3=Ryan |first3=P. J. |last4=Feigelson |first4=E. D. |last5=Brinkmann |first5=W. |last6=Siebert |first6=J. |title=Radio-loud active galaxies in the northern ROSAT All-Sky Survey. I. Radio identifications |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series |date=1997 |volume=122 |issue=2 |page=235 |doi=10.1051/aas:1997331 |arxiv=astro-ph/9607058 |bibcode=1997A&AS..122..235L }}</ref><ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad|title=3C 295}}</ref> | dec = {{DEC|+52|12|09}}<ref name="SIMBAD" /> | constellation name = [[Boötes]] | z = {{val|0.461687|0.000049}}<ref name="ned" /> | h_radial_v = {{val|138410|15|ul=km/s|fmt=commas}}<ref name="ned" /> | gal_v = {{val|138528|15|ul=km/s|fmt=commas}}<ref name="ned" /> | dist_ly = {{cvt|2047.1|+/-|143.3|Mpc|Mly|sigfig=4|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}}{{hub|0.6774}}<br />{{small|(''Comoving'')}}<ref name="ned" /> <br />{{cvt|4.910|Gly|Gpc|sigfig=4|abbr=on|lk=on}}{{hub|0.6774}}<br />{{small|(''[[Light-travel distance|Light-travel]]'')}}<ref name="ned" /> | type = E/S0;<ref name=van>{{cite journal|last1=Van Dokkum |first1=Pieter G. |last2=Van Der Marel |first2=Roeland P. |title=The Star Formation Epoch of the Most Massive Early-Type Galaxies |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=2007 |volume=655 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1086/509633 |arxiv=astro-ph/0609587 |bibcode=2007ApJ...655...30V }}</ref> LEG; BrClG NLRG<ref name="ned" /> or FRII [[Radio galaxy|RG]]<ref name=XJET>{{cite web |date=2004-07-16 |title=3C 295 |publisher=XJET: X-Ray Emission from Extragalactic Radio Jets |url=http://hea-www.harvard.edu/XJET/source-d.cgi?3C_295 |access-date=2010-04-06}}</ref> | appmag_v = {{val|20.80}}<ref name="veron">{{cite journal|last1=Véron-Cetty |first1=M. -P. |last2=Véron |first2=P. |title=A catalogue of quasars and active nuclei: 13th edition |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |date=2010 |volume=518 |pages=A10 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201014188 |bibcode=2010A&A...518A..10V }}</ref><ref name="SIMBAD" /> | appmag_b = {{val|22.34}}<ref name="veron"/><ref name="SIMBAD"/> | mag_j = {{val|15.193|0.196}}<ref name="skrutskie">{{cite journal|last1=Skrutskie |first1=M. F. |last2=Cutri |first2=R. M. |last3=Stiening |first3=R. |last4=Weinberg |first4=M. D. |last5=Schneider |first5=S. |last6=Carpenter |first6=J. M. |last7=Beichman |first7=C. |last8=Capps |first8=R. |last9=Chester |first9=T. |last10=Elias |first10=J. |last11=Huchra |first11=J. |last12=Liebert |first12=J. |last13=Lonsdale |first13=C. |last14=Monet |first14=D. G. |last15=Price |first15=S. |last16=Seitzer |first16=P. |last17=Jarrett |first17=T. |last18=Kirkpatrick |first18=J. D. |last19=Gizis |first19=J. E. |last20=Howard |first20=E. |last21=Evans |first21=T. |last22=Fowler |first22=J. |last23=Fullmer |first23=L. |last24=Hurt |first24=R. |last25=Light |first25=R. |last26=Kopan |first26=E. L. |last27=Marsh |first27=K. A. |last28=McCallon |first28=H. L. |last29=Tam |first29=R. |last30=Van Dyk |first30=S. |display-authors=1 |title=The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=2006 |volume=131 |issue=2 |page=1163 |doi=10.1086/498708 |bibcode=2006AJ....131.1163S}}</ref><ref name="SIMBAD"/> | mag_h = {{val|14.811|0.223}}<ref name="skrutskie" /><ref name="SIMBAD"/> | mag_k = {{val|13.637|0.183}}<ref name="skrutskie" /><ref name="SIMBAD"/> | size = {{cvt|113.93|x|95.70|kpc|ly|sigfig=5|abbr=on|lk=on|disp=x|<br />(|)|order=flip}}<br />{{small|(''[[Galaxy#Isophotal diameter|diameter]]; 25.0 B-mag arcsec{{sup|−2}}'')}}<ref name="ned" />{{efn|name=Size correction|The quoted diameter in this infobox was based on NED's provided scale "[[Virgo Supercluster|Virgo]] + [[Great Attractor|GA]] + [[Shapley Supercluster|Shapley]]" of 9.925 kpc/arcsec multiplied with given angular diameters.}}<br />{{cvt|226.28|x|226.28|kpc|ly|sigfig=5|abbr=on|lk=on|disp=x|<br />(|)|order=flip}}<br />{{small|(''[[Galaxy#Isophotal diameter|diameter]]; "total" magnitude'')}}<ref name="ned"/>{{efn|name=Size correction}} | size_v = {{val|0.157|×|0.157|ul=arcminute}}<ref name=skrutskie/> | names = {{odlist | name= [[List of astronomical catalogues#D|DA]] 360 | name2= [[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources|3C]] 295 | name3= [[Fourth Cambridge Survey|4C]] 52.30 | name4= [[Quasar|QSO]] B1409+524<ref name=SIMBAD/> | PGC= 2817657 }} }}
'''3C 295''' is a narrow-line [[radio galaxy]] located in the constellation of [[Boötes]]. With a [[redshift]] of approximately 0.46,<ref name="ned" /> it is approximately {{convert|2.05|Gpc|e9ly|sigfig=2|abbr=off|lk=on}} from [[Earth]].<ref name="ned">{{NED link|id=3C+295|name=3C 295}}</ref> At time of the discovery of its redshift in 1960, this was the [[List of galaxies#Most distant galaxies|most remote object known]].<ref name="level5">Table 1 in {{Cite journal |author=Daniel Stern |author2=Hyron Spinrad |year=1999 |title=Search Techniques for Distant Galaxies |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |volume=111 |issue=766 |pages=1475–1502 |arxiv=astro-ph/9912082 |bibcode=1999PASP..111.1475S |doi=10.1086/316471 |s2cid=17540092 }}</ref>
==History== The number in its name corresponds with it being the 295th object in the Third [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] Catalogue of Radio Sources (which are ordered by [[right ascension]]). This is also where the prefix [[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources|3C]] came from.
The radio galaxy itself is a fairly normal small radio galaxy although unusually its hotspots are readily detected in optical and X-ray emission.<ref name="hardcastle"> {{cite journal |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010687 |title=An optical inverse-Compton hotspot in 3C 196? |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=373 |issue=3 |pages=881–885 |year=2001 |last1=Hardcastle |first1=M. J |arxiv=astro-ph/0105228 |bibcode=2001A&A...373..881H |s2cid=384935 }}</ref> The X-ray emission from the source is dominated by thermal emission from a rich [[galaxy cluster|cluster of galaxies]]. In optical images about 100 galaxies can be seen. 3C 295's cluster has enough material to create another 1,000 [[galaxy|galaxies]] or more, making it one of the [[List of largest cosmic structures|most massive objects]] in the known [[Universe]]. However, X-ray data showed that there is not enough mass to hold 3C 295 together [[gravity|gravitationally]], which suggests the presence of [[dark matter]].<ref name="apod">
{{Cite APOD |date=25 November 1999 |title=3C 295: X-rays From A Giant Galaxy |access-date=2007-04-20 }}</ref>
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==References== {{reflist|30em}}
==External links== * {{commonscat-inline}} * [http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/atlas/object/3C295.html www.jb.man.ac.uk/atlas/] (J. P. Leahy)
{{Stars of Boötes|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Radio galaxies]] [[Category:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects|2817657]] [[Category:3C objects|295]] [[Category:Boötes]]