{{Short description|Quasar in the constellation of Coma Berenices}} {{Infobox galaxy|name=[[Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources|3C]] 275.1|epoch=[[J2000.0]]|constellation name=[[Coma Berenices]]|ra={{RA|12|43|57.6490}}|dec={{DEC|+16|22|53.394}}|z=0.555225|h_radial_v=166,452 [[kilometer per second|km/s]]|dist_ly=5.260 [[light years|Gly]]|appmag_v=19.00|appmag_b=19.23|type=Opt. var.|notes=Large emission nebula surrounding a quasar|names=DA 330, [[Parkes Catalogue of Radio Sources|PKS]] 1241+166, [[Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database|LEDA]] 2819359, [[Quasar|QSO]] B1241+1639, [[Fourth Cambridge Survey|4C]] 16.34, NRAO 406, S3 1241+16|image=File:3C 275.1 PanSTARRS i.r.g.jpg|caption=The quasar 3C 275.1.}}
'''3C 275.1''' is a [[quasar]] located in the [[constellation]] of [[Coma Berenices]] with a [[redshift]] of (z) 0.555.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Ronghui |last2=Pooley |first2=Guy |date=1990-07-01 |title=Radio polarization and the environment of 3C 275.1. |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990MNRAS.245P..17L/abstract |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=245 |pages=17P |bibcode=1990MNRAS.245P..17L |issn=0035-8711}}</ref> It was first discovered in 1986 by [[Astronomer|astronomers]], and is situated in the center of a rich [[galaxy cluster]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Krempec-Krygier |first1=J. |last2=Krygier |first2=B. |last3=Walentynowicz |first3=G. |date=1998-06-01 |title=The group of galaxies around 3C 275.1 |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1998A%26A...334..427K |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=334 |pages=427–438 |bibcode=1998A&A...334..427K |issn=0004-6361}}</ref> Its host is classified as a giant [[elliptical galaxy]], described as either a proto-cD or [[Type-cD galaxy]] with an emission [[nebula]] surrounding it.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hintzen |first1=Paul |last2=Romanishin |first2=W. |date=1986-12-01 |title=Direct Imaging of the Extremely Large Host Galaxy and Gas Cloud Surrounding the Quasar 3C 275.1 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...311L...1H/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=311 |pages=L1 |doi=10.1086/184787 |bibcode=1986ApJ...311L...1H |issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hintzen |first1=P. |last2=Boeshaar |first2=G. O. |last3=Scott |first3=J. S. |date=1981-05-01 |title=Detection of an apparent, distant cluster of galaxies associated with the radio-tail QSO 3C 275.1. |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981ApJ...246L...1H/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=246 |pages=L1–L4 |doi=10.1086/183541 |bibcode=1981ApJ...246L...1H |issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Crawford |first1=C. S. |last2=Lehmann |first2=I. |last3=Fabian |first3=A. C. |last4=Bremer |first4=M. N. |last5=Hasinger |first5=G. |date=1999-10-01 |title=Detection of X-ray emission from the host clusters of 3CR quasars |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=308 |issue=4 |pages=1159–1172 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02804.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/9904371 |bibcode=1999MNRAS.308.1159C |issn=0035-8711}}</ref>
== Description == 3C 275.1 is classified as a [[Gamma ray|gamma-ray]] lobe-dominated quasar.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liao |first1=Neng-Hui |last2=Xin |first2=Yu-Liang |last3=Li |first3=Shang |last4=Jiang |first4=Wei |last5=Liang |first5=Yun-Feng |last6=Li |first6=Xiang |last7=Zhang |first7=Peng-Fei |last8=Chen |first8=Liang |last9=Bai |first9=Jin-Ming |last10=Fan |first10=Yi-Zhong |date=2015-07-17 |title=DISCOVERY OF''γ''-RAY EMISSION FROM THE STRONGLY LOBE-DOMINATED QUASAR 3C 275.1 |url=https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/808/1/74 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=808 |issue=1 |pages=74 |doi=10.1088/0004-637x/808/1/74 |arxiv=1501.00635 |issn=1538-4357}}</ref> It has a radio structure consisting of an elongated core with a narrow [[Astrophysical jet|jet]] heading in northwards direction based on a super-resolved radio imaging made by the [[Very Long Baseline Array]] (VLBA).<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hough |first1=D. H. |last2=Vermeulen |first2=R. C. |last3=Readhead |first3=A. C. S. |last4=Cross |first4=L. L. |last5=Barth |first5=E. L. |last6=Yu |first6=L. H. |last7=Beyer |first7=P. J. |last8=Phifer |first8=E. M. |date=2002-03-01 |title=Parsec-Scale Radio Structure and Broad Optical Emission Lines in a Complete Sample of 3CR Lobe-dominated Quasars |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/338847/pdf |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=123 |issue=3 |pages=1258–1287 |doi=10.1086/338847 |bibcode=2002AJ....123.1258H |issn=0004-6256}}</ref> Radio mapping at 15 [[Hertz|GHz]] with a 5-kilometer [[telescope]] shows 3C 275.1 to contain a double component showing one side as compact and the other being slightly extended.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Riley |first1=J. M. |last2=Pooley |first2=G. G. |date=1978-09-01 |title=15-GHz observations of the quasars 3C 270.1 and 3C 275.1. |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978MNRAS.184..769R |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=184 |issue=4 |pages=769–772 |doi=10.1093/mnras/184.4.769 |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711}}</ref> A study also described the southern component of the quasar as distorted, indicating the quasar is strongly [[Interacting galaxy|interacting]] with a companion galaxy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=R. |last2=Pooley |first2=G. |last3=Riley |first3=J. M. |date=1992-08-15 |title=Spectral ageing in a sample of 14 high-luminosity double radio sources |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=257 |issue=4 |pages=545–571 |doi=10.1093/mnras/257.4.545 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1992MNRAS.257..545L |issn=0035-8711}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rector |first1=Travis A. |last2=Stocke |first2=John T. |last3=Ellingson |first3=Erica |date=1995-10-01 |title=Quasar Radio Morphology and Clustering Environment at z~1/2 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995AJ....110.1492R/abstract |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=110 |pages=1492 |doi=10.1086/117622 |bibcode=1995AJ....110.1492R |issn=0004-6256}}</ref>
Observations made in 1986 revealed the presence of a rotating [[Interstellar cloud|gas cloud]] around 3C 275.1 with a [[diameter]] of more than 100 [[Parsec|kiloparsecs]] (Kpc). Based on observations, it was found to be the largest known to surround a quasar and is likely remnants created by [[Tidal force|tidal interactions]] or material that is accumulated via [[Cooling flow|cooling flows]] originating from the cluster.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hintzen |first1=P. |last2=Stocke |first2=J. |date=1986-09-01 |title=Detection of a ''Rotating'' Gas Cloud 100 Kiloparsecs in Diameter Surrounding 3C 275.1, a Quasar at the Center of a Rich Cluster of Galaxies |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...308..540H/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=308 |pages=540 |doi=10.1086/164524 |bibcode=1986ApJ...308..540H |issn=0004-637X}}</ref> A more detailed study published in 2024, showed the cloud to be a nebula, containing [[Ionization|ionized]] gas tails that extends up to 170 kiloparsecs, typical of [[Jellyfish galaxy|Jellyfish galaxies]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Qinyuan |last2=Wang |first2=Junfeng |last3=Li |first3=Zhenzhen |date=2024-08-01 |title=Serendipitous Catch of a Giant Jellyfish: An Ionized Nebula around 3C 275.1 with 170 kpc Long Tails |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=971 |issue=2 |pages=134 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ad58d6 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2406.11433 |bibcode=2024ApJ...971..134Z |issn=0004-637X}}</ref> The nebula is described as having a [[Cone|conical]] shape with a bar-shaped extension that is located southwards from the nucleus<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=McCarthy |first1=Patrick J. |last2=Spinrad |first2=Hyron |last3=van Breugel |first3=Wil |date=July 1995 |title=Emission-Line Imaging of 3CR Radio Galaxies. I. Imaging Data |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1996A%26A...313..423H/0000429.000.html |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |volume=99 |pages=27 |doi=10.1086/192178 |bibcode=1996A&A...313..423H |issn=0067-0049}}</ref> with an extended component having an [[Astrophysical X-ray source|X-ray emission]] of 7.6 × 10<sup>43</sup> erg s<sup>−1</sup>.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Crawford |first1=C. S. |last2=Fabian |first2=A. C. |date=March 2003 |title=Extended X-ray emission around four 3C quasars at 0.55 > z < 0.75 observed with Chandra |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=339 |issue=4 |pages=1163–1169 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06268.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0211232 |bibcode=2003MNRAS.339.1163C |issn=0035-8711}}</ref>
In the center of 3C 275.1, there is a [[supermassive black hole]] estimated to have a mass of about 200 million [[solar mass]]es based on a black hole-[[spheroid]] mass ratio calculated for [[Active galactic nucleus|active galactic nuclei]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=McLure |first1=R. J. |last2=Jarvis |first2=M. J. |last3=Targett |first3=T. A. |last4=Dunlop |first4=J. S. |last5=Best |first5=P. N. |date=2006-05-01 |title=On the evolution of the black hole: spheroid mass ratio |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=368 |issue=3 |pages=1395–1403 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10228.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0510121 |bibcode=2006MNRAS.368.1395M |issn=0035-8711}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The quasar itself is paired with the nearby galaxy [[NGC 4651]], due to the radio emitter alignment at the rear of the latter's outer [[Galactic disc|galactic disk]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Schneider |first1=Stephen E. |last2=Corbelli |first2=Edvige |date=1993-09-01 |title=Neutral Hydrogen Absorption and Emission in the Quasar/Galaxy Pair 3C 275.1/NGC 4651 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ApJ...414..500S/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=414 |pages=500 |doi=10.1086/173097 |arxiv=astro-ph/9307008 |bibcode=1993ApJ...414..500S |issn=0004-637X}}</ref>
== References == <references />
== External links == *[https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=ICRF%20J124357.6%2B162253 3C 275.1 on SIMBAD] *[https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?search_type=Obj_id&objid=62969&objname=1&img_stamp=YES&hconst=73.0&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1 3C 275.1 on NASA/IPAC Database]
{{Coma Berenices}} [[Category:Quasars]] [[Category:3C objects|275.1]] [[Category:Coma Berenices]] [[Category:LEDA objects|2819359]] [[Category:4C objects|16.34]] [[Category:Active galaxies]] [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1986]]