Circles of latitude between the 35th parallel south and the 40th parallel south

{{short description|Circles of latitude}} Following are '''circles of latitude between the 35th parallel south and the 40th parallel south''':

==36th parallel south== {{Location map-line|lat=-36}} {{geoGroup}} [[File:36th parallel Argentina.png|thumb|In Argentina, the 36th parallel south defines part of the border between Mendoza Province and La Pampa Province, and part of the border between San Luis Province and La Pampa Province.]] The '''36th parallel south''' is a circle of latitude that is 36 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Pacific Ocean and South America.

===Around the world=== Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 36° south passes through:

:{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" width="125" | Coordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or ocean ! scope="col" | Notes |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|0|0|E|type:landmark|name=Prime Meridian}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|20|0|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|36|0|S|136|41|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | South Australia - Kangaroo Island |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|137|36|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | D'Estrees Bay, Backstairs Passage and Encounter Bay |-valign="top" | {{Coord|36|0|S|139|28|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|150|9|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Tasman Sea |- | {{Coord|36|0|S|173|47|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | Northland Region |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|174|29|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Passing just south of the Hen and Chicken Islands, {{NZL}} Passing just north of Great Barrier Island, {{NZL}} |- | {{Coord|36|0|S|72|47|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHL}} | Maule Region |- | {{Coord|36|0|S|70|24|W|type:country|name=Argentina}} ! scope="row" | {{ARG}} | The parallel defines part of the border between Mendoza Province and La Pampa Province, and part of the border between San Luis Province and La Pampa Province |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|36|0|S|57|21|W|type:waterbody|name=Atlantic Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |}

==37th parallel south== {{Location map-line|lat=-37}} {{geoGroup}} The '''37th parallel south''' is a circle of latitude that is 37 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Pacific Ocean and South America.

This parallel approximates that latitude at which solar irradiance equals the planetary average,<ref>See Nadeau, Alice and McGhee, Richard; ‘A simple formula for a planet’s mean annual insolation by latitude’; ''Icarus'', volume 291, 15 July 2017, pp. 46-50</ref> with higher insolation equatorward and lower poleward.

An exploration of the 37th parallel south is the theme of Jules Verne's novel ''In Search of the Castaways''. The phantom reef of Maria Theresa Reef is supposed to lie on this parallel in the Pacific Ocean.

===Around the world=== Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 37° south passes through:

:{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" width="125" | Coordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or ocean ! scope="col" | Notes |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|0|0|E|type:landmark|name=Prime Meridian}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|20|0|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Passing just north of Île Amsterdam. |-valign="top" | {{Coord|37|0|S|139|42|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | South Australia Victoria New South Wales |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|149|56|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Tasman Sea |- | {{Coord|37|0|S|174|28|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | North Island – passing through Auckland just north of Auckland Airport (at {{Coord|37|0|29|S|174|47|30|name=Coronel|E}}) |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|175|16|E|type:waterbody|name=Hauraki Gulf}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Hauraki Gulf |- | {{Coord|37|0|S|175|30|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | Coromandel Peninsula, North Island – passing through Tairua |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|175|51|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|37|0|S|73|33|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHL}} | Santa María Island |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|73|31|W|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|37|0|S|73|11|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHL}} | Bío Bío Region – passing through Coronel (at {{Coord|37|0|S|73|10|W|type:city|name=Coronel}}) |- | {{Coord|37|0|S|71|9|W|type:country|name=Argentina}} ! scope="row" | {{ARG}} | Neuquén Province Mendoza Province La Pampa Province Buenos Aires Province – passing through Pinamar (at {{Coord|37|0|0|S|56|47|30|W|type:city|name=Pinamar}}) |-valign="top" | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|37|0|S|56|45|W|type:waterbody|name=Atlantic Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Passing just north of the island of Tristan da Cunha, {{SHN}} |}

==38th parallel south== {{Location map-line|lat=-38}} {{geoGroup}} The '''38th parallel south''' is a circle of latitude that is 38 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific Ocean, and South America, including the Andes Mountains and Patagonia.

At this latitude the sun is visible for 14 hours, 48 minutes during the December solstice and 9 hours, 32 minutes during the June solstice.

===Around the world=== Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 38° south passes through:

:{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" width="125" | Coordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or ocean ! scope="col" | Notes |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|38|0|S|0|0|E|type:landmark|name=Prime Meridian}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|38|0|S|20|0|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Passing just south of Île Amsterdam, {{ATF}} |-valign="top" | {{Coord|38|0|S|140|32|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | South Australia Victoria - passing through Port Phillip Bay and southeastern Melbourne |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|38|0|S|147|42|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Tasman Sea |- | {{Coord|38|0|S|174|47|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | North Island - passing 2.4 km south of Whakatane |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|38|0|S|178|21|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |-valign="top" | {{Coord|38|0|S|73|28|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHL}} | Bío Bío Region Araucanía Region Bío Bío Region |- | {{Coord|38|0|S|71|5|W|type:country|name=Argentina}} ! scope="row" | {{ARG}} |Neuquén Province Río Negro Province La Pampa Province Buenos Aires Province – passing through Mar del Plata (at {{Coord|38|0|S|57|35|W|type:city|name=Mar del Plata}}) |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|38|0|S|57|33|W|type:waterbody|name=Atlantic Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |}

==39th parallel south== {{Location map-line|lat=-39}} {{geoGroup}} The '''39th parallel south''' is a circle of latitude that is 39 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Pacific Ocean and South America.

Daylight along the 39th parallel south falls under 10 hours a day starting on 17 May and returns to over ten hours a day beginning 29 July. The growth of crops and other plants is considerably slowed during this period of reduced sunlight.

===Around the world=== Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 39° south passes through:

:{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" width="125" | Coordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or ocean ! scope="col" | Notes |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|0|0|E|type:landmark|name=Prime Meridian}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|20|0|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Passing just south of Île Saint-Paul, {{ATF}} |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|143|30|E|type:waterbody|name=Bass Strait}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Bass Strait |- | {{Coord|39|0|S|146|15|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | Victoria - Wilsons Promontory |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|146|27|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Tasman Sea |- | {{Coord|39|0|S|174|10|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | Taranaki region – passing through Waitara Manawatu-Whanganui region Waikato region – passing just south of Turangi Bay of Plenty region – for about {{Convert|2|km||abbr=on}} Hawke's Bay region |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|177|53|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|39|0|S|73|19|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHI}} | Araucanía Region – passing through Teodoro Schmidt and Sollipulli Volcano |- | {{Coord|39|0|S|71|28|W|type:country|name=Argentina}} ! scope="row" | {{ARG}} | Neuquén Province Río Negro Province – passing through General Roca (at {{Coord|39|0|S|67|35|W|type:city|name=General Roca}}) La Pampa Province Buenos Aires Province – passing through Bahía Blanca (at {{Coord|39|0|S|62|09|W|type:city|name=Cape Town}}) |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|39|0|S|62|0|W|type:waterbody|name=Atlantic Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |}

==40th parallel south== {{Location map-line|lat=-40}} {{geoGroup}} The '''40th parallel south''' is a circle of latitude that is 40 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Oceania, the Pacific Ocean and South America. Its long oceanic stretches are the northern domain of the Roaring Forties.

On 21 June 2018, the sun is at 26.17° in the sky and at 73.83° on 21 December, in King Island, Tasmania, which is near the 40th parallel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/@2161357?month=6&year=2018|title=Sunrise and sunset times in King Island, June 2018|website=www.timeanddate.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/@2161357?month=12&year=2018|title=Sunrise and sunset times in King Island, December 2018|website=www.timeanddate.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-29}}</ref>

The maximum altitude of the Sun is > 35.00º in April and > 28.00º in May.

40th parallel south also marks a line beyond which Andromeda constellation can no longer be observed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Andromeda constellation: Facts, myth and location |author= |work=Space.com |date=2022-04-19 |access-date=2024-10-07 |url= https://www.space.com/andromeda-constellation |language=en }}</ref>

===Around the world=== Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 40° south passes through:

:{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" width="125" | Coordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or ocean ! scope="col" | Notes |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|0|0|E|type:landmark|name=Prime Meridian}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|20|0|E|type:waterbody|name=Indian Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|40|0|S|143|53|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | King Island, Tasmania |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|144|7|E|type:waterbody|name=Bass Strait}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Bass Strait |- | {{Coord|40|0|S|147|53|E|type:country|name=Australia}} ! scope="row" | {{AUS}} | Flinders Island, Tasmania |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|148|17|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Tasman Sea |- | {{Coord|40|0|S|175|3|E|type:country|name=New Zealand}} ! scope="row" | {{NZL}} | Manawatu-Whanganui region – passing just south of Whanganui Hawke's Bay region – passing through Waipukurau |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|176|54|E|type:waterbody|name=Pacific Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |- | {{Coord|40|0|S|73|42|W|type:country|name=Chile}} ! scope="row" | {{CHI}} | Los Ríos Region – passing through Punta Galera and Pirihueico Lake |- | {{Coord|40|0|S|71|40|W|type:country|name=Argentina}} ! scope="row" | {{ARG}} |Neuquén Province Río Negro Province Buenos Aires Province |- | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|40|0|S|62|20|W|type:waterbody|name=Atlantic Ocean}} ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Atlantic Ocean | style="background:#b0e0e6;" | |}

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Circles of latitude Category:Borders of Argentina