{{Infobox military unit | unit_name = 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment | image = Flag of Virginia (1861–1865).svg | image_size = 150 | caption = Flag of Virginia, 1861 | dates = July 1861 &ndash; April 1865 | country = [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] | allegiance = {{flagicon|CSA}} [[Confederate States of America]] | branch = {{army|CSA}} | type = [[Infantry]] | role = | nickname = | battles = [[American Civil War]] *[[Battle of Philippi (1861)]] *[[Battle of Cheat Mountain]] *[[Jackson's Valley Campaign]] *[[Seven Days' Battles]] *[[Second Battle of Bull Run]] *[[Battle of Antietam]] *[[Battle of Fredericksburg]] *[[Battle of Chancellorsville]] *[[Battle of Gettysburg]] *[[Battle of Cold Harbor]] *[[Siege of Petersburg]] *[[Valley Campaigns of 1864]] *[[Appomattox Campaign]] | disbanded = April 1865 <!-- Commanders -->| notable_commanders = [[William Lowther Jackson]] }}

[[File:Private Elijah S. Leach of Co. B, 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment in uniform with musket, cap box, and haversack LCCN2015645465.jpg|thumb|right|Private Elijah S. Leach of Co. B, 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment]]

The '''31st Virginia Infantry Regiment''' was an [[infantry]] [[regiment]] raised in [[Virginia]] for service in the [[Confederate States Army]] during the [[American Civil War]]. It fought mostly as part of the [[Army of Northern Virginia]].

The 31st Virginia was organized under [[William Lowther Jackson]] and mustered into Confederate service in July, 1861. The men were recruited primarily from the counties of [[Barbour County, West Virginia|Barbour]], [[Marion County, West Virginia|Marion]], [[Pendleton County, West Virginia|Pendleton]], [[Harrison County, West Virginia|Harrison]], [[Gilmer County, West Virginia|Gilmer]], [[Randolph County, West Virginia|Randolph]], [[Pocahontas County, West Virginia|Pocahontas]], [[Lewis County, West Virginia|Lewis]], and [[Highland County, Virginia|Highland]].<ref>''Mountaineers of the Blue and Gray, The Civil War and West Virginia'', George Tyler Moore Center for the Study of the Civil War, Shepherd Univ., 2008, CD-Rom</ref>

The unit was active in Lee's Cheat Mountain Campaign and Jackson's Valley operations. Later it was assigned to General Early's, W. Smith's, Pegram's, and J.A. Walker's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. The 31st participated in the difficult campaigns of the army from the Seven Days' Battles to Cold Harbor, then moved with Early to the Shenandoah Valley and was active around Appomattox.

This regiment reported 13 casualties at Greenbrier River, 37 at Camp Alleghany, 19 at McDowell, and 97 at Cross Keys and Port Republic. It lost 3 killed and 17 wounded at Cedar Mountain, had 5 killed and 20 wounded at Second Manassas, and suffered 1 killed and 7 wounded at Sharpsburg. Of the 267 in action at Gettysburg, ten percent were disabled. On April 9, 1865, it surrendered with 7 officers and 49 men of which 22 were armed.

The field officers were Colonels John S. Hoffman, [[William Lowther Jackson|William L. Jackson]], and Samuel H. Reynolds; Lieutenant Colonels Francis M. Boykin, Alfred H. Jackson, and J.S. Kerr McCutchen; and Majors James C. Arbogast, Joseph H. Chenoweth, and William P. Cooper.

==Companies== *Company A, Marion Guard, Capt. William P. Thompson *Company B, Pendleton Minute Men, Capt. Robert H. Bradshaw *Company C, Harrison State Guards, Capt. Uriel M. Turner *Company D, Gilmer Rifles, Capt. John E. Mitchell *Company E, The Highlanders, Capt. Felix H. Hull *Company F, Capt. Jacob Currence (Randolph County) *Company G, Pocahontas Reserves, Capt. James C. Arbogast *Company H, Barbour Greys, Capt. Thomas A. Bradford *Company I, Capt. Alfred H. Jackson (Lewis County) *Company K, Barbour Mountain Guards, Capt. Henry Sturm <ref>Haselberger, Fritz, ''Yanks from the South'', Past Glories, Baltimore, 1987, pg. 87, list of companies</ref>

==See also== {{portal|American Civil War}} *[[List of Virginia Civil War units]] *[[List of West Virginia Civil War Confederate units]]

==Notes== {{reflist}}

==References== *{{USGovernment|url=http://www.civilwar.nps.gov/cwss/regiments.cfm|title=Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System|agency=National Park Service}}

==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110615083242/http://www.libraries.wvu.edu/Roy_Cook_JPG/index.htm Roy Bird Cook Collection, West Virginia University, 31st Virginia Infantry]

[[Category:Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Virginia]] [[Category:1861 establishments in Virginia]] [[Category:Military units and formations established in 1861]] [[Category:1865 disestablishments in Virginia]] [[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1865]]

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