2023 DZ2

{{Short description|Small near-Earth asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:{{mp|2023 DZ|2}}}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} | background = #FFC2E0 | image = Goldstone Radar Images of Asteroid 2023 DZ2.gif | caption = [[Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex|Goldstone]] [[radar astronomy|radar]] images of asteroid {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} taken 25 March 2023. | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="MPEC-2023DZ2" /> | discovered = 27 February 2023 | discoverer = [[EURONEAR]] | discovery_site = [[Roque de los Muchachos Observatory]] | mpc_name = {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} | mp_category = {{Hlist | [[Near-Earth object|NEO]] | [[List of Apollo asteroids|Apollo]] }} | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 25 February 2023 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2460000.5) | uncertainty = 1 | observation_arc = 72 days (includes highly precise radar observations)<ref name="jpldata" /> | earliest_precovery_date = 14 January 2023 | aphelion = {{val|3.317|0.0002|ul=AU}} | perihelion = {{val|0.99388|u=AU}} | time_periastron = 2023-Apr-04<ref name="Perihelion"/> | semimajor = {{val|2.155|0.0001|u=AU}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.5389|0.00003}} | period = {{val|3.165|0.0003}} [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] ({{val|1156|0.1|fmt=commas}} days) | mean_anomaly = {{val|348.67|0.001|ul=°}} | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.3106|0.0011|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = {{val|0.08143|u=°}} | asc_node = {{val|187.91|0.0005|u=°}} | arg_peri = {{val|5.96|0.0005|u=°}} | moid = {{Convert|0.000048|AU|e3km LD|abbr=unit}} | dimensions = {{Ubl | 40–90 meters {{small|(CNEOS)}}<ref name=CNEOS-CA/> | ≈{{convert|54|m|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}<ref name=Sentry65/> }} | abs_magnitude = {{val|24.2|0.4|u=mag}}<ref name="jpldata" /> | magnitude = 10.1 (at closest approach 2023)<ref name=Observing2023/> | rotation = {{convert|0.105|hours|minutes}}<ref name="Goldstone"/> }}

'''{{mp|2023 DZ|2}}''' is an [[asteroid]] roughly 70 meters in diameter, classified as a [[near-Earth object]] of the [[Apollo asteroid|Apollo group]], and originally a [[Sentry (monitoring system)|Virtual Impactor]] (VI). It was first observed on 27 February 2023, when it was {{Convert|0.11|AU|e6km|abbr=unit|lk=on}} from Earth, with the [[Isaac Newton Telescope]] by [[:it:Ovidiu Vaduvescu|Ovidiu Vaduvescu]], Freya Barwell, and Kiran Jhass ([[Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes|ING]] and [[University of Sheffield]] student support astronomers) within the [[EURONEAR]] project.<ref name="MPEC-2023DZ2" /> It passed {{cvt|174644 ± 0.9|km|mi}} of [[Earth]] on March 25, 2023.<ref name=jpldata /> This is a little less than half the distance to the [[Moon]]. This was the largest asteroid to approach this close since [[2019 OK]].<ref name="Goldstone"/> On March 21, 2023 with a 66-day observation arc, it was removed from the [[Sentry (monitoring system)|Sentry Risk Table]].<ref name=removed/> Due to the highly precise [[radar astronomy|radar observations]] on 25 March 2023 we know that the 2004 Earth approach was closer than the 2023 approach.<ref name=jpldata/>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 0.9em;" |+{{mp|2023 DZ|2}} Earth approaches for 2004, 2023, 2026 ! Date & time ! [[Curve fitting|Nominal]] distance ! uncertainty region ([[3-sigma]]) |- |2004-Apr-18 23:57 ± 22 minutes || {{val|129737|u=km}}<ref name=jpldata/> || {{Nowrap|± 3000 km}}<ref name=Horizons2004/> |- |2023-Mar-25 19:49<ref name=Extreme2023/>{{efn|name=impact2023}} || {{val|174644|u=km}}<ref name=jpldata/> || {{Nowrap|± 0.9 km}}<ref name=Horizons2023/> |- |2026-Apr-04 02:01 ± 2 minutes || {{val|1012259|u=km}}<ref name=jpldata/> || {{Nowrap|± 120 km}}<ref name=Horizons2026CA/> |}

The 2023 approach was visible to [[amateur astronomers]] with modest telescopes and telescopes equipped with an [[image sensor]]. From 20–24 March 2023 it was visible in the constellation of [[Cancer (constellation)|Cancer]].<ref name=Observing2023/> At about 17:20 UT on the 25th the asteroid brightened to about [[apparent magnitude]] 10.1<ref name=Observing2023/>{{efn|name=opposition}} while over [[Southeast Asia]], and might have been visible to advanced observers using 10×50 [[Binoculars#Astronomical|binoculars]].{{efn|name=reality}} But for many locations the asteroid did not get brighter than magnitude 12 before setting and was out of the reach of binoculars.

== Identification == The discovery was carried out within the (Data-parallel detection of Solar System objects and space debris) [https://planet.astro.ro/ParaSOL/ ParaSOL] project that is sponsored by [https://uefiscdi.gov.ro/ UEFISCDI] in [[Romania]] and led by Marcel Popescu. The new NEA was identified by Costin Boldea and by the STU ParaSOL software pipeline developed by the amateur astronomer Malin Stanescu. Other members of the EURONEAR collaboration who participated in the data analysis were Marian Predatu, and the amateur astronomers Lucian Curelaru and Daniel Bertesteanu.

== Description == {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} is approximately {{convert|40-90|m|ft|abbr=off|sigfig=2|sp=us}} in diameter.<ref name=CNEOS-CA/> With an estimated [[rotation period]] of about 6 minutes and a [[lightcurve]] amplitude of 0.57 magnitudes, the object is suspected of being elongated in shape.<ref name="Goldstone"/><ref name="study01"/>

The visible [[reflectance spectrum]] of {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} is consistent with that of an [[X-type asteroid]].<ref name="study01"/> Being a fast rotator and part of the X-complex, it is highly unlikely to have a carbonaceous-like composition linked to a dark [[albedo]] so the size could be in the range 33 to 55 m.<ref name="study01"/>

Before the Earth approach, it follows a rather eccentric (0.54), low-inclination (0.08°) orbit of 3.16 years duration, ranging between 0.99 and 3.32 [[Astronomical Unit|AU]] from the [[Sun]].<ref name="jpldata"/> It passed Earth on 25 March 2023<ref name="jpldata" /> which reduces the [[orbital period]] to {{Convert|1098.4|days|years}}.<ref name="April25-epoch"/> It came to [[perihelion]] (closest approach to the Sun) on 4 April 2023.<ref name="Perihelion"/> Earth is in no short-term danger of having a collision with {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} thanks to a near [[secular resonance|secular apsidal resonance]] with Jupiter.<ref name="study01"/>

== Ruled-out virtual impactors == On 18 March 2023 when the asteroid had an observation arc of 63 days, virtual clones of the asteroid that fit the uncertainty region in the known trajectory showed a 1-in-430 chance that the asteroid could [[Impact event|impact]] Earth on 27 March 2026.<ref name=Sentry63/> Three days later with a 66-day observation arc it was removed from the [[Sentry (monitoring system)|Sentry Risk Table]].<ref name=removed/> It is now known that the [[Curve fitting|nominal]] approach (line of variation) has the asteroid {{Convert|0.032|AU|e6km|abbr=unit|lk=on}} {{Nowrap|± 900 km}} from Earth at the time of the potential impact on 27 March 2026.<ref name=Horizons2026/> The asteroid will safely approach Earth on 4 April 2026, a week after the potential impact scenario.<ref name=jpldata/> It was estimated that an impact would produce an upper atmosphere air burst equivalent to 4.5 [[Nuclear weapon yield|Mt TNT]] (19 PJ),<ref name=Sentry65/> roughly equal to 214 of the [[Fat Man]] warhead dropped on Nagasaki, or a little over a third of the [[Tunguska event]].

{{external media |video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIEA9edX7nw 2023 DZ2 flyby through a remote telescope of Abbey Ridge Observatory (Canada).] |video2 = [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/cuUrkJiipkU 2023 DZ2 flyby through a Unistellar 112mm telescope under the light pollution of Sacramento, CA.] }}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 0.9em;" |+{{mp|2023 DZ|2}} [[Curve fitting|nominal]] approach for 27 March 2026 14:53 virtual impactor ! Solution ! [[Observation arc|Observation arc]] (in days) ! [[JPL Horizons]] [[Curve fitting|nominal]] geocentric distance ([[astronomical unit|AU]]) ! uncertainty region ([[3-sigma]]) ! Impact probability ! [[Torino Scale|Torino scale]] ! [[Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale|Palermo scale]] (max) |- |JPL #1 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316192822/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-28%2014:38%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-29%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-16)] || 2 (31 obs) || {{Convert|0.625|AU|e6km|abbr=unit|lk=on}} || {{Nowrap|± 700 million km}} || 1:7700<ref name=Sentry1/> || 0 || –2.19 |- |JPL #3 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230317184503/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-17)] || 18 (56 obs) || {{Convert|0.067|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 38 million km}} || 1:590<ref name=Sentry17B/> || 1 || –1.19 |- |JPL #4 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230318154215/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-18)] || 63 (94 obs) || {{Convert|0.036|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 9 million km}} || 1:430<ref name=Sentry63/> || 1 || –1.17 |- |JPL #5 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230319154510/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-19)] || 64 (122 obs) || {{Convert|0.033|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 4 million km}} || 1:71000<ref name=Sentry64/>{{efn|name=3sigma}} || 0 || –3.40 |- |JPL #6 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320163632/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-20)] || 65 (142 obs) || {{Convert|0.033|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 3 million km}} || 1:38000000<ref name=Sentry65/> || 0 || –6.14 |- |JPL #7 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230321153556/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-21)] || 66 (182 obs) || {{Convert|0.030|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 1 million km}} || none<ref name=removed/> || N/A || N/A |- |JPL #8 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230322153859/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 (2023-Mar-22)] || 67 (246 obs) || {{Convert|0.030|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}} || {{Nowrap|± 1 million km}} || none || N/A || N/A |}

With an [[observation arc]] of 63 days it peaked at a [[Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale|Palermo scale]] rating of –1.17<ref name=Sentry63/> with the odds of impact then being about 15 times less than the background hazard level.

The early May 2029 approach is not an impact threat as the orbits only intersect in late March.<ref name=Sentry1/>

== Gallery == <gallery widths="300" heights="240"> File:2023 DZ2.jpg|Stacked image of {{mp|2023 DZ|2}} from 52 60-second photos taken remotely on March 21, 2023, at Abbey Ridge Observatory (Canada). File:2023DZ2-unistellar.png|{{mp|2023 DZ|2}} imaged with a [[Unistellar]] 112mm telescope under the light pollution of Sacramento, CA on 24 March 2023. </gallery>

== Notes == {{notelist|refs=

{{efn|name=impact2023|If 2023 DZ2 had been arriving approximately [https://twitter.com/scute1133/status/1637733561116532736 19 hours later] it would have impacted into Earth as that is where the two orbits intersect.}}

{{efn|name=3sigma|With a 64-day observation arc the risk of impact dropped significantly as the [[3-sigma]] uncertainty region became smaller than the [[Curve fitting|nominal]] approach distance. A virtual impactor is the result of a [https://twitter.com/ptastro1/status/1636865890502467585 line of variations (ellipse)] that is narrow and long and stretches along the asteroids known orbit. The Earth distance at the time of the virtual impactor dropped from 5 ± 9 million km to 5 ± 4 million km.}}

{{efn|name=opposition|The asteroid is brightest ~2 hours before closest approach due to the [[opposition effect]] that causes a brightening of the object.}}

{{efn|name=reality|Inexperienced observers could easily get confused by an [[artificial satellite]] that will look like a star steadily moving across the sky for a few minutes.}}

}}

== References == <references>

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2023-03-27 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2023 DZ2) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2023%20DZ2&view=OPC |publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |archive-url= https://archive.today/20230316232529/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html%23/?sstr=2023%20DZ2&view=OPC |archive-date=2023-03-16 |url-status = live |accessdate = 28 March 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="MPEC-2023DZ2">{{cite web |title = MPEC 2023-F12 : 2023 DZ2 |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23F12.html |accessdate = 16 March 2023}}</ref>

<ref name=removed>{{cite web |title=Sentry (Removed Objects) |publisher=NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program Office |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/removed.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230321203827/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/removed.html |archive-date=2023-03-21 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name=CNEOS-CA>{{cite web |title=CNEOS Close Approaches |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230325102706/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/ |archive-date=2023-03-25 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Goldstone">{{cite web |date=2023-03-22 |title=Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 2023 DZ2 |publisher=NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research |author=Lance A. M. Benner |url=https://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2023DZ2/2023DZ2.2023.goldstone.planning.html |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

<ref name="Perihelion">{{cite web |title=Perihelion (post Earth encounter) on 4 April 2023 |publisher=[[JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System|JPL Horizons]] |type=Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-Apr-02%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-Apr-06%2005:00%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20hour%27&QUANTITIES=%2719%27 |accessdate=2023-03-17}}</ref>

<ref name=Horizons2004>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons: 2023 DZ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 18 April 2004 |publisher=JPL Horizons |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272004-04-18%2023:57%27&STOP_TIME=%272004-04-19%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328085143/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272004-04-18%2023:57%27&STOP_TIME=%272004-04-19%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-date=2023-03-28 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-28}}</ref>

<ref name=Horizons2023>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons: 2023 DZ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 25 March 2023 |publisher=JPL Horizons |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:51%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-26%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318132000/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:31%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-26%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-date=2023-03-18 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-28}}</ref>

<ref name=Extreme2023>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons solution for time of closest approach on 25 March 2023 |publisher=JPL Horizons |type=Closest approach occurs when deldot flips from negative to positive |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:48%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:52%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323182747/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:48%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-25%2019:52%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-date=2023-03-23 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-25}}</ref>

<ref name=Observing2023>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons Ephemeris for March 2023 |publisher=JPL Horizons |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-18%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20hour%27&QUANTITIES=%271,9,20,23,29%27 |accessdate=2023-03-17}} [https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-03-25%2016:30%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-03-25%2018:30%27&STEP_SIZE=%2710%20minute%27&QUANTITIES=%271,9,20,23,29%27 (magnitude @ CA)]</ref>

<ref name="April25-epoch">{{cite web |title=Horizons Batch showing epoch 2023-Apr-25 |publisher=[[JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System|JPL Horizons]] |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%272023-04-25%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-05-25%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20months%27&CENTER=%27@Sun%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321074300/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%272023-04-25%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-05-25%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20months%27&CENTER=%27@Sun%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27 |archive-date=2023-03-21 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-21}}</ref>

<ref name=Horizons2026>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons: 2023 DZ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 27 March 2026 VI |publisher=JPL Horizons |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317184503/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-03-27%2014:53%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-03-28%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-date=2023-03-17 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-28}}</ref>

<ref name=Horizons2026CA>{{cite web |title=JPL Horizons: 2023 DZ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 4 Apr 2026 close approach |publisher=JPL Horizons |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-04-04%2002:01%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-04-05%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329135702/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+DZ2%27&START_TIME=%272026-04-04%2002:01%27&STOP_TIME=%272026-04-05%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27 |archive-date=2023-03-29 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-03-29}}</ref>

<ref name=Sentry1>{{cite web |title=Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 DW (1.98 day arc) |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230316191355/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-03-16 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sentry17B>{{cite web |title=Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 DZ2 (17.1 day arc with 56 obs) |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230317185412/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-03-17 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sentry63>{{cite web |title=Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 DZ2 (62.9 day arc with 94 obs) |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230318154854/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-03-18 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sentry64>{{cite web |title=Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 DZ2 (63.9 day arc with 122 obs) |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230319154525/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-03-19 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sentry65>{{cite web |title=Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 DZ2 (64.6 day arc with 142 obs) |publisher=NASA JPL [[Center for Near-Earth Object Studies|CNEOS]] |url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230320180942/https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html%23?des=2023%20DZ2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-03-20 }}</ref>

<ref name="study01">{{cite journal |first1=Marcel M. |last1=Popescu |first2=Ovidiu |last2=Vaduvescu |first3=Julia |last3=de León |last4=de la Fuente Marcos|first4=Carlos |last5=de la Fuente Marcos|first5=Raúl |first6=M. O. |last6=Stanescu |first7=M. R. |last7=Alarcon |first8=Miquel |last8=Serra-Ricart |first9=Javier |last9=Licandro |first10=D. |last10=Bertesteanu |first11=M. |last11=Predatu |first12=L |last12=Curelaru |first13=F. |last13=Barwell |first14=K. |last14=Jhass |first15=C. |last15=Boldea |first16=A. |last16=Aznar Macías |first17=L. |last17=Hudin |first18=B. A. |last18=Dumitru |date=23 August 2023 |title=Discovery and physical characterization as the first response to a potential asteroid collision: The case of 2023 DZ2 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=676 |pages=A126 (14 pp) |bibcode=2023A&A...676A.126P |arxiv=1905.12997 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202346751 |s2cid=259202764 | url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2023/08/aa46751-23/aa46751-23.html }}</ref>

</references>

== External links == * {{NeoDys|2023+DZ2}} * {{ESA-SSA|2023DZ2}} * {{JPL small body|id=54347996}}

{{Small Solar System bodies}} {{2023 in space}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2023 DZ2}} [[Category:Apollo asteroids|#]] [[Category:Minor planet object articles (unnumbered)]] [[Category:Near-Earth objects in 2023|20230325]] [[Category:Near-Earth objects removed from the Sentry Risk Table]] [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 2023|20230227]] [[Category:Discoveries by EURONEAR]]