{{Short description|Stony main-belt asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1834 Palach | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 22 August 1969 | discoverer = L. Kohoutek | discovery_site = Bergedorf Obs. | mpc_name = (1834) Palach | alt_names = 1969 QP | named_after = Jan Palach {{small|(Czech student)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}<br />Eos<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 47.26 yr (17,260 days) | aphelion = 3.2373 AU | perihelion = 2.8142 AU | semimajor = 3.0258 AU | eccentricity = 0.0699 | period = 5.26 yr (1,922 days) | mean_anomaly = 102.36° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1873|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 9.4352° | asc_node = 268.16° | arg_peri = 358.39° | dimensions = {{val|17.156|0.414}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|18.059|0.264}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />19.52 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|20.23|0.87}} km<ref name="AKARI" /> | rotation = {{val|3.1358|0.0009}} h<ref name="Pligge-2011a" /><br />{{val|3.139|0.001}} h<ref name="geneva-obs" /> | albedo = {{val|0.109|0.010}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.1364|0.0190}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />0.14 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.151|0.020}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /> | spectral_type = S {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = 11.3<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}11.50<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="AKARI" />{{·}}{{val|11.54|0.20}}<ref name="Veres-2015" /> }}
'''1834 Palach''', provisional designation {{mp|1969 QP}}, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 August 1969 by Czech astronomer Luboš Kohoutek at Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany, and named after Czech student Jan Palach.<ref name="springer" /><ref name="MPC-Palach" />
== Orbit and classification ==
Palach is a member of the Eos family ({{small|606}}), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids.<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}
It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.2 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,922 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> As no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made, Palach{{'}}s observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in 1969.<ref name="MPC-Palach" />
== Physical characteristics ==
=== Rotation period ===
In September 2006, a rotational lightcurve for Palach was obtained from photometric observations made by French amateur astronomer Laurent Bernasconi at St. Michel sur Meu. It gave a rotation period of 3.139 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.16 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" /> In May 2010, a second lightcurve, obtained by Zachary Pligge at Oakley Southern Sky Observatory, Australia, gave a period of 3.1358 hours with an amplitude of 0.13 ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Pligge-2011a" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Palach measures between 17.16 and 20.23 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.109 and 0.151.<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="AKARI" /> The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for Eoan asteroids of 0.14 and calculates a diameter of 19.52 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.3.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
It was named in memory of Czech student Jan Palach (1948–1969), who burned himself to death, as a protest against the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia that followed and ended the national reform movement known as the Prague Spring.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 August 1991 ({{small|M.P.C. 18643}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2016-11-23 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1834 Palach (1969 QP) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001834 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 8 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 147 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1835 |chapter = (1834) Palach }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Palach">{{cite web |title = 1834 Palach (1969 QP) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1834 |access-date = 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1834) Palach |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001834 |access-date = 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 1834 Palach – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 |work = Small Bodies Data Ferret |url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1834+Palach#Asteroid%201834%20PalachEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 |access-date = 26 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite book |first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný |first2 = M. |last2 = Broz |first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba |date = December 2014 |chapter = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families |title = Asteroids IV |pages = 297–321 |bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N |doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 |arxiv = 1502.01628 |isbn = 978-0-8165-3213-1}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1834 |access-date = 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1834 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407}}</ref>
<ref name="Pligge-2011a">{{Cite journal |first1 = Zachary |last1 = Pligge |first2 = Adam |last2 = Monnier |first3 = John |last3 = Pharo |first4 = Kellen |last4 = Stolze |first5 = Arnold |last5 = Yim |first6 = Richard |last6 = Ditteon |date = January 2011 |title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory: 2010 May |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011MPBu...38....5P |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 38 |issue = 1 |pages = 5–7 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2011MPBu...38....5P |access-date= 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 15 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 15 December 2016}}</ref>
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== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1834}} * {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1833 Shmakova |number=1834 |1835 Gajdariya}} {{Small Solar System bodies}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Palach}} 001834 Category:Discoveries by Luboš Kohoutek Category:Named minor planets 19690822