1809 in Germany

Events from the year 1809 in Germany.

Incumbents

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)^[1]
• Kingdom of Bavaria
  • Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)
• Kingdom of Saxony
  • Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)
• Kingdom of Württemberg
  • Frederick I (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden
  • Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811)
• Grand Duke of Hesse
  • Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)^[2]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I– (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)^[2]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)^[3]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 1785 –2 July 1823 ) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[4]
  • Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829)^[4]
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
  • Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 1787 - 1860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867)^[5]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851)^[6]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800-29 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)^[7]
• Duke of Brunswick
  • Frederick William (16 October 1806 – 16 June 1815)^[8]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick^[2]
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  • Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)^[9]
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866)^[10]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)^[11]

Events

• 9 April – Tiroleans rise, under the command of Andreas Hofer, against French and Bavarian occupation.
• 14 April – Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria: Napoleon defeats Austria.
• 19 April – War of the Fifth Coalition –
  • Battle of Raszyn: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw.
  • Battle of Teugen-Hausen: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the French and their Bavarian allies.
• 21 April – Battle of Landshut
• 21/22 April – Battle of Eckmühl
• 23 April – Battle of Ratisbon
• 24 April – Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
• 8 July – Battle of Gefrees
• 29/30 July – Battle of Halberstadt
• 1 August – Battle of Ölper
• Black Brunswickers established
• Corps Hannovera Göttingen established
• Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach formed from a merger and raised to a grand duchy

Births

• 3 February – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
• 24 February – Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel, Prussian field marshal (d. 1885)
• 21 February – Carl Ernst Bock, German physician and anatomist (d. 1874).
• 15 April – Hermann Grassmann, Prussian mathematician (d. 1877)
• 5 May – Frederick Langenheim, German American pioneer of panoramic photography (died 1879
• 23 May – Hugo von Kirchbach, Prussian general (d. 1887)
• 13 June – Heinrich Hoffmann, German author and children's poet (d. 1894)
• 20 June – Isaak August Dorner, German theologian (d. 1884)
• 16 July – Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz, Prussian general (d. 1877)
• 8 August – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian (d. 1872)
• 12 September – Julius von Bose, Prussian general (d. 1894)
• 10 November – David Einhorn (rabbi), German-American abolitionist (d. 12879)
• 20 November – Gustav Koerner, German-born revolutionary, journalist, lawyer, politician, a statesman of Illinois and Germany, Colonel of the U.S. Army (d. 1896)
• 30 December – Wilhelm von Tümpling, Prussian general (d. 1884)

Deaths

• 6 January – Johann Augustus Eberhard, German theologian, philosopher (b. 1739)
• 18 March – Karoline Kaulla, German banker (b. 1739)
• 26 April – Bernhard Schott, German music publisher (b. 1748)
• 1 September – Johann Friedrich August Göttling, German chemist (b. 1753)
• 7 September – Caroline Schelling, German scholar (b. 1763)
• 28 November – Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres, German lepidopterist (b. 1769)

References

1. ^ Tikkanen, Amy (30 July 2018). "Federick William III". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
2. ^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 38.
3. ^ Huish, Robert (1821). Public and Private Life His Late Excellent and most Gracious Majesty George The Third. T. Kelly. p. 170.
4. ^ "Oldenburg Royal Family". Monarchies of Europe. Archived 17 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
5. ^ "Monarchies of Europe". Archived from the original on 14 June 2007.
6. ^ Almanach de Gotha. 87th ed. Justus Perthes. 1850. p. 38.
7. ^ J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11.
8. ^ Gerhard Schildt: Von der Restauration zur Reichsgründungszeit, in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region, Braunschweig 2000, pp. 753–766.
9. ^ Vol. 9. p. 751.
10. ^ "Biografie Georg I (German)". Meininger Museen. Archived from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
11. ^ Albinus, Robert (1985). Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung (in German). Leer: Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. p. 371. ISBN 3-7921-0320-6.