159 series

{{Infobox train | name = 159 series | image = | imagesize = 300px | caption = | service = 1961–1980 | manufacturer = [[Nippon Sharyo]] | factory = | family = | replaced = | yearconstruction = 1961–1962 | yearservice = | refurbishment = 1975 | yearscrapped = | numberconstruction = | numberbuilt = 16 cars (3 sets) | numberservice = None | numberpreserved = None | numberscrapped = | formation = 4/8 cars per set | fleetnumbers = | capacity = | operator = [[JNR]] | depots = Ogaki | lines = | carbody = Steel | carlength = | width = | height = | floorheight = | doors = 2 per side | maxspeed = | weight = | acceleration = | deceleration = | traction = | poweroutput = | transmission = | aux = | powersupply = | hvac = | electricsystem = 1,500 V DC | collectionmethod = | bogies = | brakes = | safety = | coupling = | multipleworking = | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} }}

The {{Nihongo|'''159 series'''|159系}} was an [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) train type operated by [[Japanese National Railways]] (JNR) from 1961 until 1980.<ref name="railfan636">{{cite journal| last = Matsumoto| first = Norihisa| title =初登場の修学旅行電車|trans-title= The first school-excursion trains| journal = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]] | volume = 54| issue = 636| pages = 126–131|language= Japanese| date = April 2014}}</ref> They were originally designed for and used on school excursion trains running between Tokyo and the Nagoya area via the [[Tokaido Main Line]].<ref name="railfan636" />

== Exterior == [[File:155 series Izu Shinagawa.jpg|thumb|155 series (for comparison)]] Broadly based on the earlier 155 series trains, the 159 series trains were also initially painted in the JNR excursion train livery of "lemon yellow" and "light scarlet".<ref name="railfan636" />

== Formations == The fleet consisted of one 8-car and two 4-car sets, formed as shown below, and based at Ogaki Depot in [[Gifu Prefecture]].<ref name="jnrexpress2013">{{Cite book |title = 写真とイラストで見る国鉄急行型電車のすべて |trans-title=JNR Express EMUs in pictures| publisher = Neko Publishing Ltd.| date = 29 November 2013 | location = Japan | pages = 40–43| isbn = 978-4-7770-1532-0}}</ref>

=== 8-car set === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Designation | Tc || M' || M || T || T || M' || M || Tc |- ! Numbering | KuHa 159 || MoHa 158 || MoHa 159 || SaHa 159 || SaHa 159 || MoHa 158 || MoHa 159 || KuHa 159 |} * The MoHa 154 cars were each equipped with one lozenge-type [[Pantograph (rail)|pantograph]].<ref name="jnrexpress2013" />

=== 4-car sets === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Designation | Tc || M' || M || Tc |- ! Numbering | KuHa 159 || MoHa 158 || MoHa 159 || KuHa 159 |} * The MoHa 158 cars were each equipped with one lozenge-type pantograph.<ref name="jnrexpress2013" />

=== Key === * Tc: driving trailer * T: intermediate trailer * M: intermediate motor with control equipment * M': intermediate motor

== History == The 159 series sets entered service from 2 April 1961 on {{Nihongo||こまどり|Komadori}} school excursion services running on the [[Tokaido Main Line]] between [[Shinagawa Station]] in Tokyo and [[Ogaki Station]] in Aichi Prefecture.<ref name="teramoto2001">{{Cite book| last = Teramoto | first = Mitsuteru | title = 国鉄・ＪＲ列車名大辞典 |trans-title=JNR & JR Train Name Encyclopedia| publisher = Chuoshoin Publishing Co., Ltd. | date = 23 July 2001 | location = Tokyo, Japan | page = 239| isbn = 978-4-88732-093-2}}</ref> Trains carried [[Headboard (train)|headboards]] on the front with the name of the train.<ref name="railfan636" /> An additional four-car set was delivered in 1962 to allow 16-car formations to be run.<ref name="jnrexpress2013" />

The ''Komadori'' school excursion services were discontinued in 1973, and the 159 series were reassigned to use on "rapid" limited-stop services and charter train services, repainted into the ''Shonan'' livery of orange and green.<ref name="jnrexpress2013" />

The entire fleet was withdrawn from service by fiscal 1980.<ref name="railfan636" /> No 159 series vehicles have been preserved.<ref name="sasada2012">{{Cite book |title = 国鉄&JR保存車大全 |trans-title=JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide| last = Sasada| first = Masahiro| publisher = Ikaros Publications Ltd.| date = September 2012 | location = Tokyo, Japan| page = 127| isbn = 978-4863206175}}</ref>

== See also == * [[155 series]] * [[167 series]]

== References == {{Reflist}}

[[Category:Electric multiple units of Japan]] [[Category:Japanese National Railways]] [[Category:Nippon Sharyo multiple units]] [[Category:Train-related introductions in 1961]] [[Category:1500 V DC multiple units of Japan]] [[Category:Scrapped EMUs]]

[[ja:国鉄155系・159系電車]]