1469 Linzia

{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1469 Linzia | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discoverer = K. Reinmuth | discovery_site = Heidelberg Obs. | discovered = 19 August 1938 | mpc_name = (1469) Linzia | alt_names = 1938 QD{{·}}1931 JD {{mp|1933 SM|1}}{{·}}{{mp|1936 FC|1}} {{mp|1949 OP|1}}{{·}}1955 ST 1955 UB{{·}}A916 QD | pronounced = {{IPAc-en|'|l|I|n|t|s|i|@}} | named_after = Linz {{small|(Austrian city)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> background<ref name="AstDys-object" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 86.40 yr (31,556 days) | aphelion = 3.3312 AU | perihelion = 2.9148 AU | semimajor = 3.1230 AU | eccentricity = 0.0667 | period = 5.52 yr (2,016 days) | mean_anomaly = 52.444° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1786|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 13.398° | asc_node = 188.96° | arg_peri = 207.33° | dimensions = {{val|54.30|16.67}} km<ref name="Nugent-2015" /> 58.78 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> {{val|58.99|2.5}} km<ref name="SIMPS" /> {{val|59.021|0.518}} km<ref name="WISE" /> {{val|66.05|21.19}} km<ref name="Nugent-2016" /> {{val|67.66|0.80}} km<ref name="AKARI" /> {{val|74.78|0.36}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> | rotation = {{val|6.067|}} h {{small|(poor)}}<ref name="Blanco-2000a" /> {{val|12}} h {{small|(poor)}}<ref name="geneva-obs" /> {{val|15.2|0.2}} h<ref name="geneva-obs" /> {{val|22.215|0.004}} h<ref name="Stephens-2011d" /> | albedo = {{val|0.038|0.006}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> {{val|0.056|0.002}}<ref name="AKARI" /> 0.0561 {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> {{val|0.06|0.04}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="Nugent-2016" /> {{val|0.0733|0.0123}}<ref name="WISE" /> {{val|0.0734|0.007}}<ref name="SIMPS" /> | spectral_type = P<ref name="WISE" />{{·}}C {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = {{val|9.10|0.83}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}9.60<ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="AKARI" />{{·}}9.80<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />{{·}}9.9<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}9.94<ref name="Nugent-2016" /> }}

'''1469 Linzia''', provisional designation {{mp|1938 QD}}, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in 1938, the asteroid was later named after the Austrian city of Linz.

== Discovery ==

''Linzia'' was discovered on 19 August 1938, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.<ref name="MPC-object" /> Twelve nights later, the asteroid was independently discovered by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory, Crimea, on 31 August 1938.<ref name="springer" /> The Minor Planet Center only recognizes the first discoverer.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was first identified as {{mp|A916 QD}} at Simeiz in August 1916, or 22 years prior to its official discovery.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Orbit and classification ==

''Linzia'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.<ref name="AstDys-object" /> It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.9–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,016 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins at the discovering Heidelberg Observatory in May 1931, when it was identified as {{mp|1931 JD}}.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Physical characteristics ==

''Linzia'' has been characterized as a dark and primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE),<ref name="WISE" /> while the Lightcurve Data Base assumes it to be a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.<ref name="lcdb" />

=== Rotation period ===

In September 2010, a rotational lightcurve of ''Linzia'' was obtained from photometric observations by Robert Stephens in collaboration with Vladimir Benishek. Lightcurve analysis gave a slightly longer-than average rotation period of 22.215 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.09 magnitude ({{small|U=3}}).<ref name="Stephens-2011d" /> Other lightcurves which measured a period of 6.067, 12 and 15.2 hours, received a lower quality rating ({{small|U=1/1/2-}}).<ref name="Blanco-2000a" /><ref name="geneva-obs" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, ''Linzia'' measures between 54.30 and 74.78 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.038 and 0.0734.<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Nugent-2016" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />

The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.0561 and a diameter of 58.78 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.9.<ref name="lcdb" />

== Naming ==

This minor planet was named in honor of the Austrian city of Linz, located on the Danube river. The name was proposed by A. Wersig ({{small|RI 2319}}), and the official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 132}}).<ref name="springer" />

== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-10-01 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1469 Linzia (1938 QD) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001469 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200918014047/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001469 |url-status = dead |archive-date = 18 September 2020 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1469) Linzia |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 117 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1470 |chapter = (1469) Linzia }}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 1469 Linzia (1938 QD) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1469 |accessdate = 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1469) Linzia |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = https://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001469 |accessdate = 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 1469 Linzia – Proper Elements |publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site |url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1469 |access-date= 29 October 2019}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1469 |accessdate = 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |s2cid = 46350317 |access-date= 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Nugent-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |s2cid = 9341381 |access-date= 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Nugent-2016">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |doi-access = free }}</ref>

<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |doi-access= }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1469 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>

<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal |first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco |first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah |first3 = M. |last3 = Noah |first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price |date = October 2004 |title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 |url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab |journal = NASA Planetary Data System |volume = 12 |pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 |bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T |accessdate = 22 October 2019}}</ref>

<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407|s2cid = 35447010 }}</ref>

<ref name="Blanco-2000a">{{Cite journal |first1 = C. |last1 = Blanco |first2 = M. |last2 = Di Martino |first3 = D. |last3 = Riccioli |date = April 2000 |title = New rotational periods of 18 asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2000P&SS...48..271B |journal = Planetary and Space Science |volume = 48 |issue = 4 |pages = 271–284 |bibcode = 2000P&SS...48..271B |doi = 10.1016/S0032-0633(99)00074-4 |access-date= 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Stephens-2011d">{{Cite journal |first1 = Robert D. |last1 = Stephens |first2 = Vladimir |last2 = Benishek |date = January 2011 |title = Lightcurve Analysis of 1469 Linzia |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011MPBu...38...31S |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 38 |issue = 1 |pages = 31–32 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2011MPBu...38...31S |access-date= 20 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |s2cid = 53493339 |access-date= 20 October 2017}}</ref>

}}

== External links == * [https://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [https://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1469}} * {{JPL small body}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Linzia}} 001469 Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth Category:Named minor planets 19380819