{{Short description|Elongated main-belt asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1192 Prisma | background = #D6D6D6 | image = 001192-asteroid shape model (1192) Prisma.png | image_scale = | caption = Modelled shape of ''Prisma'' from its lightcurve | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 17 March 1931 | discoverer = A. Schwassmann | discovery_site = Bergedorf Obs. | mpc_name = (1192) Prisma | alt_names = 1931 FE | pronounced = | named_after = Bergedorf Spectral Catalogue<br />{{small|(astronomical catalog)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(inner)}}<br />Phocaea<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 85.77 yr (31,328 days) | aphelion = 2.9762 AU | perihelion = 1.7561 AU | semimajor = 2.3661 AU | eccentricity = 0.2578 | period = 3.64 yr (1,329 days) | mean_anomaly = 297.62° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2708|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 23.902° | asc_node = 1.3517° | arg_peri = 131.44° | dimensions = 7.22 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|7.377|0.193}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|9.27|0.25}} km<ref name="AKARI" /> | rotation = {{val|6.546|0.0170}} h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />{{val|6.558}} h<ref name="Binzel-1983b" /><br />{{val|6.55836|0.00005}} h<ref name="Hanus-2013c" /><ref name="Hanus-2016a" /> | albedo = {{val|0.144|0.009}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.220|0.022}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />0.23 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | spectral_type = S<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = {{val|12.497|0.008}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />{{·}}{{val|12.87|0.47}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}12.92<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /> }}
'''1192 Prisma''', provisional designation {{mp|1931 FE}}, is an elongated Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Friedrich Schwassmann at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg on 17 March 1931.<ref name="MPC-Prisma" /> The asteroid was named after the ''Bergedorf Spectral Catalogue'', an astronomical catalog.<ref name="springer" />
== Classification and orbit ==
''Prisma'' is a member of the Phocaea family ({{small|701}}), a prominent family of S-type asteroids with their largest members being 25 Phocaea and 587 Hypsipyle. There are many Mars-crossers among this family of relatively eccentric inner main-belt asteroids .<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />
The asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,329 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 24° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins at Bergedorf, one week after its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-Prisma" />
== Physical characteristics ==
=== Rotation, shape and pole ===
Photometric observations of ''Prisma'' gave a well defined rotational lightcurve with a period between 6.546 and 6.558 hours and a high brightness variation of 0.85–1.16 magnitude, which strongly indicates that the body has an elongated, non-spheroidal shape ({{small|U=3/3}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><ref name="Binzel-1983b" />
A modeled lightcurve based on optical data from a large collaboration network also found a spin axis of (133.0°, −78.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β) ({{small|Q=n.a.}}).<ref name="Hanus-2013c" /><ref name="Hanus-2016a" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, ''Prisma'' measures between 7.38 and 9.27 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.144 and 0.220.<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes a standard albedo of 0.23 and calculates a diameter of 7.22 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.92.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named "Prisma" (prism) in honour of the ''Bergedorf Spectral Catalogue'' ({{langx|de|Bergedorfer Spektralkatalog}}), as prisms are one method of obtaining spectra.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was also published in Paul Herget's ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' in 1955 ({{small|H 111}}).<ref name="springer" />
== References == <references>
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2016-12-25 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1192 Prisma (1931 FE) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001192 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 100 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1193 |chapter = (1192) Prisma }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Prisma">{{cite web |title = 1192 Prisma (1931 FE) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1192 |accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite book |first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný |first2 = M. |last2 = Broz |first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba |date = December 2014 |chapter = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families |title = Asteroids IV |pages = 297–321 |bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N |doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 |arxiv = 1502.01628 |isbn = 9780816532131}}</ref>
<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 1192 Prisma – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 |work = Small Bodies Data Ferret |url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1192+Prisma#Asteroid%201192%20PrismaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 |accessdate = 26 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1192 |accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
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<ref name="Binzel-1983b">{{Cite journal |first1 = R. P. |last1 = Binzel |first2 = J. D. |last2 = Mulholland |date = December 1983 |title = A photoelectric lightcurve survey of small main belt asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1983Icar...56..519B |journal = Icarus |volume = 56 |issue = 3 |pages = 519–533 |issn = 0019-1035 |bibcode = 1983Icar...56..519B |doi = 10.1016/0019-1035(83)90170-7 |access-date= 15 August 2017}}</ref>
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</references> <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1192}} * {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1191 Alfaterna |number=1192 |1193 Africa}} {{Small Solar System bodies}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prisma}} 001192 Category:Discoveries by Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann Category:Named minor planets 19310317