{{Short description|Dark background asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1159 Granada | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discoverer = K. Reinmuth | discovery_site = Heidelberg Obs. | discovered = 2 September 1929 | mpc_name = (1159) Granada | alt_names = 1929 RD{{·}}1931 AR<br />1940 RS | pronounced = | named_after = Granada <ref name="springer" /><br />{{small|(Spanish city and province)}} | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(inner)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 87.84 yr (32,083 days) | aphelion = 2.5184 AU | perihelion = 2.2409 AU | semimajor = 2.3797 AU | eccentricity = 0.0583 | period = 3.67 yr (1,341 days) | mean_anomaly = 35.176° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2685|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 13.031° | asc_node = 347.89° | arg_peri = 313.33° | dimensions = {{val|27.839|0.283}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|28.641|0.460}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />29.94 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|29.98|0.9}} km<ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|30.14|9.34}} km<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|30.26|0.11}} km<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><br />{{val|30.26|0.29}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|34.65|12.83}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> | rotation = {{val|31}} h<ref name="Binzel-1987b" /><br />{{val|72.852|0.2429}} h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /> | albedo = {{val|0.028|0.014}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|0.031|0.002}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|0.0379|0.0038}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.04|0.00}}<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><br />{{val|0.04|0.02}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />0.0439 {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.047|0.001}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.0471|0.003}}<ref name="SIMPS" /> | spectral_type = S {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />B–V {{=}} 0.680<ref name="jpldata" /><br />U–B {{=}} 0.360<ref name="jpldata" /> | abs_magnitude = {{val|11.385|0.001}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />{{·}}11.55<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="AKARI" />{{·}}11.58<ref name="Nugent-2016" />{{·}}11.63<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Binzel-1987b" />{{·}}{{val|11.78|0.43}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}11.81<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> }}
'''1159 Granada''', provisional designation {{mp|1929 RD}}, is a dark background asteroid and relatively slow rotator from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 2 September 1929, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named for the Spanish city and province of Granada.<ref name="springer" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Granada'' is a background asteroid that does not belong to any known asteroid family. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.2–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,341 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins nine days after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
Although ''Granada'' is an assumed S-type asteroid,<ref name="lcdb" /> it has a notably low albedo ''(see below)'' for an asteroid of the inner main-belt, even below that of most carbonaceous asteroids.
=== Slow rotation ===
In September 1984, a rotational lightcurve of ''Granada'' was obtained from photometric observations by astronomer Richard Binzel. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 31 hours with a brightness variation of 0.28 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Binzel-1987b" /> In October 2010, photometric observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory gave a period of 72.852 hours and an amplitude of 0.24 ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /> While not being a slow rotator, ''Granada''{{'}}s period is significantly longer than the typical 2 to 20 hours measures for most asteroids.
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Granada'' measures between 27.839 and 34.65 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.028 and 0.0471.<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="Nugent-2016" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />
The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.0439 and a diameter of 29.94 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.63.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named after Granada, city and province in Andalusia in southern. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 108}}).<ref name="springer" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-07-05 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1159 Granada (1929 RD) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001159 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1159) Granada |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 98 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1160 |chapter = (1159) Granada }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 1159 Granada (1929 RD) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1159 |access-date = 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |s2cid = 118745497 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1159 |access-date = 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |s2cid = 46350317 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Nugent-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |s2cid = 9341381 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Nugent-2016">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |doi-access = free }}</ref>
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1159 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>
<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal |first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco |first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah |first3 = M. |last3 = Noah |first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price |date = October 2004 |title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 |url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab |journal = NASA Planetary Data System |volume = 12 |pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 |bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T |access-date = 22 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407|s2cid = 35447010 }}</ref>
<ref name="Binzel-1987b">{{Cite journal |author = Binzel, R. P. |date = October 1987 |title = A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1987Icar...72..135B |journal = Icarus |volume = 72 |issue = 1 |pages = 135–208 |issn = 0019-1035 |bibcode = 1987Icar...72..135B |doi = 10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Waszczak-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak |first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang |first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek |first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher |first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci |first6 = David |last6 = Levitan |first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace |first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng |first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip |first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita |first11 = George |last11 = Helou |first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince |first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni |date = September 2015 |title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 150 |issue = 3 |page = 35 |bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 |arxiv = 1504.04041 |s2cid = 8342929 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |s2cid = 53493339 |access-date= 7 September 2017}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1159}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Granada}} 001159 Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth Category:Named minor planets 19290902