{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1122 Neith | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discoverer = E. Delporte | discovery_site = Uccle Obs. | discovered = 17 September 1928 | mpc_name = (1122) Neith | alt_names = 1928 SB{{·}}1941 YH<br />1953 OA{{·}}A924 VA | pronounced = {{IPAc-en|'|n|iː|ɪ|θ}} | named_after = Neith {{small|(Egyptian mythology)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />background <ref name="AstDys-object" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 93.01 yr (33,971 days) | aphelion = 3.2763 AU | perihelion = 1.9347 AU | semimajor = 2.6055 AU | eccentricity = 0.2575 | period = 4.21 yr (1,536 days) | mean_anomaly = 30.680° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2343|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 4.7381° | asc_node = 63.385° | arg_peri = 328.96° | dimensions = {{val|11.566|0.261}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><br />11.73 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|12.01|0.5}} km<ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|13.453|1.632}} km<ref name="Ryan-2015" /><br />{{val|13.81|0.73}} km<ref name="Ryan-2012" /><br />{{val|13.84|1.46}} km {{small|(MSX)}}<ref name="Ryan-2012" />{{rp|34}} | rotation = {{val|12.599|0.006}} h<ref name="Oey-2009d" /> | albedo = {{val|0.206|0.048}}<ref name="Ryan-2015" /><br />0.2756 {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.2836|0.0435}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.284|0.043}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|0.34}}<ref name="Ryan-2012" /><br />{{val|0.4450|0.044}}<ref name="SIMPS" /> | spectral_type = A<ref name="Fornasier-2011a" />{{·}}S {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = 11.10<ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="Ryan-2015" />{{·}}11.67<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="WISE" />{{·}}11.7<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{val|11.71|0.49}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}11.9<ref name="Faure-2009" /> }}
'''1122 Neith''' {{IPAc-en|'|n|iː|ɪ|θ}},<ref>that is, pronounced with two syllables, ''NEE-ith''.</ref> provisional designation {{mp|1928 SB}}, is a background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle on 17 September 1928.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named after the goddess Neith from Egyptian mythology.<ref name="springer" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Neith'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.<ref name="AstDys-object" /> It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,536 days; semi-major axis of 2.61 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins with its observation as {{mp|A924 VA}} at Heidelberg Observatory in November 1924, almost four years prior to its official discovery observation at Uccle.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Neith'' has been characterized as an uncommon A-type asteroid during a spectroscopic survey after it had previously been classified as X-type in the Tholen taxonomy.<ref name="Fornasier-2011a" /> The asteroid's surface shows a strong 0.96 μm absorption band (depth of 24%) and a steep slope in the near-infrared region, typical of olivine-rich bodies.<ref name="Fornasier-2011a" /> The survey was conducted at the NTT, TNG and IRTF telescopes during 2004–2007.<ref name="Fornasier-2011a" />
=== Rotation period ===
In September 2008, a rotational lightcurve of ''Neith'' was obtained from photometric observations by Julian Oey at the Leura and Kingsgrove Observatory in Australia. Lightcurve analysis gave a synodic rotation period of 12.5990 hours with a brightness variation of 0.08 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Oey-2009d" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS (SIMPS and MSX), the Spitzer Space Telescope (MIPS photometer and MIPSGAL survey) and the NEOWISE mission of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Neith'' measures between 11.566 and 13.84 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.206 and 0.4450.<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="Ryan-2015" /><ref name="Ryan-2012" />{{rp|34}}
The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.2756 and a diameter of 11.73 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.67.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named from Egyptian mythology after the goddess of Libyan origin, Neith, goddess of the hunt and of war, believed to be the mother of the Sun. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 105}}).<ref name="springer" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-11-27 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1122 Neith (1928 SB) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001122 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 25 January 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1122) Neith |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 95 |date = 2007 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&dq=1122+Neith&pg=PA94 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 1122 Neith (1928 SB) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1122 |access-date = 25 January 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |s2cid = 118745497 |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 }}</ref>
<ref name="Ryan-2012">{{Cite arXiv |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Erin Lee |last1 = Ryan |first2 = Donald R. |last2 = Mizuno |first3 = Sachindev S. |last3 = Shenoy |first4 = Charles E. |last4 = Woodward |first5 = Sean |last5 = Carey |first6 = Alberto |last6 = Noriega-Crespo |first7 = Kathleen E. |last7 = Kraemer |first8 = Stephan D. |last8 = Price |date = April 2012 |title = The Kilometer-Sized Main Belt Asteroid Population as Revealed by Spitzer |class = astro-ph.EP |eprint = 1204.1116 }}</ref>
<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 1122 Neith – Proper Elements |publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site |url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1122 |access-date= 28 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1122 |access-date = 25 January 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |s2cid = 118700974 |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 }}</ref>
<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal |first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco |first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah |first3 = M. |last3 = Noah |first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price |date = October 2004 |title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 |url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab |journal = NASA Planetary Data System |volume = 12 |pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 |bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T |access-date = 22 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryan-2015">{{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = E. L. |last1 = Ryan |first2 = D. R. |last2 = Mizuno |first3 = S. S. |last3 = Shenoy |first4 = C. E. |last4 = Woodward |first5 = S. J. |last5 = Carey |first6 = A. |last6 = Noriega-Crespo |first7 = K. E. |last7 = Kraemer |first8 = S. D. |last8 = Price |s2cid = 21069867 |date = June 2015 |title = The kilometer-sized Main Belt asteroid population revealed by Spitzer |journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume = 578 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2015A&A...578A..42R |doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201321375 |arxiv = 1204.1116}}</ref>
<ref name="Oey-2009d">{{Cite journal |author = Oey, Julian |date = October 2009 |title = Lightcurve Analysis of Asteroids from Leura and Kingsgrove Observatory in the Second Half of 2008 |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 36 |issue = 4 |pages = 162–164 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2009MPBu...36..162O }}</ref>
<ref name="Fornasier-2011a">{{Cite journal |first1 = S. |last1 = Fornasier |first2 = B. E. |last2 = Clark |first3 = E. |last3 = Dotto |s2cid = 118549118 |date = July 2011 |title = Spectroscopic survey of X-type asteroids |journal = Icarus |volume = 214 |issue = 1 |pages = 131–146 |bibcode = 2011Icar..214..131F |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.022 |arxiv = 1105.3380 }}</ref>
<ref name="Faure-2009">{{Cite journal |first1 = Gerard |last1 = Faure |first2 = Lawrence |last2 = Garrett |date = October 2009 |title = Suggested Revised H Values of Selected Asteroids: Report Number 4 |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 36 |issue = 4 |pages = 140–143 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2009MPBu...36..140F }}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |s2cid = 53493339 |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 }}</ref>
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== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1122}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Neith}} 001122 Category:Discoveries by Eugène Joseph Delporte Category:Named minor planets 19280917