110 Lydia

110 Lydia is a large belt asteroid with an M-type spectrum,^[5] and thus may be metallic in composition, consisting primarily of nickel-iron. It was discovered by French astronomer Alphonse Borrelly on 19 April 1870^[6] and was named for Lydia, the Asia Minor country populated by Phrygians.^[7] The Lydia family of asteroids is named after it.

Observations made during 1958–1959 at the McDonald Observatory and in 1969 at the Kitt Peak National Observatory found an uneven light curve with a period of 10.9267 hours.^[8] In the late 1990s, a network of astronomers worldwide used light curves to derive spin states and shape models of 10 new asteroids, including (110) Lydia. They obtained a period of 10.92580 hours, with the brightness varying by no more than 0.2 in magnitude.^[4]

In the Tholen classification system, it is categorized as an M-type asteroid, while the Bus asteroid taxonomy system lists it as an Xk asteroid.^[9] Absorption features in the near infrared are attributed to low-iron, low-calcium orthopyroxene minerals. Water content on the surface is estimated at 0.14–0.27 by mass fraction (wt%).^[10] Measurements of the thermal inertia of 110 Lydia give a value between 70 and 200 J·m⁻²·K⁻¹·s^−1/2, compared to 50 for lunar regolith and 400 for coarse sand in an atmosphere.^[3] It is a likely interloper in the Padua family of minor planets that share similar dynamic properties.^[11]

Lydia occulted a dim star on 18 September 1999.

References

1. ^ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
2. ^ Yeomans, Donald K., "110 Lydia", JPL Small-Body Database Browser, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, retrieved 12 May 2016
3. ^ Delbo', Marco & Tanga, Paolo (February 2009), "Thermal inertia of main belt asteroids smaller than 100 km from IRAS data", Planetary and Space Science. Vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 259–265, arXiv:0808.0869. Bibcode:2009P&SS...57..259D. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.06.015
4. ^ Durech, J. et al. (April 2007), "Physical models of ten asteroids from an observers' collaboration network", Astronomy and Astrophysics. Vol. 465, no. 1, pp. 331–337, Bibcode:2007A&A...465..331D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066347
5. ^ DeMeo, Francesca E. et al. (2011), "An extension of the Bus asteroid taxonomy into the near-infrared", Icarus. 202 (1): 160–180, Bibcode:2009Icar..202..160D. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005, archived from the original on 2014-03-17, retrieved 2013-12-11 See appendix A.
6. ^ "Numbered Minor Planets 1–5000", Discovery Circumstances, IAU Minor Planet center, retrieved 2013-04-07
7. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003), Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, 5th ed., Springer, p. 23, ISBN 3-540-00238-3
8. ^ Taylor, R. C. et al. (March 1971), "Minor Planets and Related Objects. VI. Asteroid (110) Lydia", Astronomical Journal. Vol. 76, p. 141, Bibcode:1971AJ.....76..141T. doi:10.1086/111097
9. ^ DeMeo, Francesca E. et al. (July 2009), "An extension of the Bus asteroid taxonomy into the near-infrared", Icarus. Vol. 202, no. 1, pp. 160–180, Bibcode:2009Icar..202..160D. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005, archived from the original on 2014-03-17, retrieved 2013-04-08 See appendix A.
10. ^ Hardersen, Paul S.; Gaffey, Michael J.; Abell, Paul A. (January 1983), "Near-IR spectral evidence for the presence of iron-poor orthopyroxenes on the surfaces of six M-type asteroids", Icarus. Vol. 175, no. 1, pp. 141–158, Bibcode:2005Icar..175..141H. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.017
11. ^ Carruba, V. (May 2009), "The (not so) peculiar case of the Padua family", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 395 (1): 358–377, Bibcode:2009MNRAS.395..358C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14523.x

External links

• Lightcurve plot of 110 Lydia, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2012)
• Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
• Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
• Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
• Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000) – Minor Planet Center