{{Short description|Main-belt background asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 11020 Orwell | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 31 July 1984 | discoverer = A. Mrkos | discovery_site = Kleť Obs. | mpc_name = 11020 Orwell | alt_names = 1984 OG{{·}}{{mp|1979 SA|9}}<br />{{mp|1999 GL|5}} | pronounced = | named_after = George Orwell<br />{{small|(English writer)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}<br />background | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 36.93 yr (13,487 days) | aphelion = 3.5620 AU | perihelion = 2.6377 AU | semimajor = 3.0998 AU | eccentricity = 0.1491 | period = 5.46 yr (1,993 days) | mean_anomaly = 48.167° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1806|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 3.0130° | asc_node = 153.87° | arg_peri = 136.87° | dimensions = {{val|14.466|0.115}} km | rotation = | albedo = {{val|0.089|0.004}} | spectral_type = | abs_magnitude = 12.6<ref name="jpldata" /> }}

'''11020 Orwell''' (provisional designation '''{{mp|1984 OG}}''') is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 July 1984, by Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos at Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic. The asteroid was named after English writer George Orwell.<ref name="springer" /><ref name="MPC-Orwell" />

== Classification and orbit == Orwell orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.6&nbsp;AU once every 5 years and 6 months (1,993 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> It was first observed as {{mp|1979 SA|9}} at Crimea–Nauchnij in 1979, extending the body's observation arc by 5 years prior to its official discovery observation at Klet.<ref name="MPC-Orwell" />

== Physical characteristics == According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Orwell measures 14.466 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.089.<ref name="Masiero-2011" /> It has an absolute magnitude of 12.6.<ref name="jpldata" />

=== Lightcurves === As of 2017, Orwell's spectral type, as well as its rotation period and shape remain unknown.<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />

== Naming == This minor planet was named for British writer Eric Blair (1903–1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, who is associated with the year of the object's discovery, 1984, due to his dystopian novel ''Nineteen Eighty-Four'', which explores the dangers of totalitarian rule. He is also known for the novel ''Animal Farm''. The name was proposed by Czech astronomer Jana Tichá at Klet and supported by Brian G. Marsden.<ref name="springer" /> The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 23 May 2000 ({{small|M.P.C. 40705}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />

== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2016-08-27 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 11020 Orwell (1984 OG) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2011020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170413234716/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2011020 |archive-date = 13 April 2017 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 23 June 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (11020) Orwell |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 750 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_8188 |chapter = (11020) Orwell }}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Orwell">{{cite web |title = 11020 Orwell (1984 OG) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=11020 |access-date = 12 April 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 12 April 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 11020 |access-date = 12 April 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 12 April 2017}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links == * [http://www.klet.org/ Kleť Observatory & KLENOT Project] homepage * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs010001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (10001)-(15000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|11020}} * {{JPL small body}}

{{Minor planets navigator |11019 Hansrott |number=11020 |11021 Foderà}} {{Small Solar System bodies}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Orwell}} 011020 Category:Discoveries by Antonín Mrkos Category:Named minor planets Category:George Orwell 19840731