{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}} {{Distinguish|3199 Nefertiti}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1068 Nofretete | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discoverer = E. Delporte | discovery_site = Uccle Obs. | discovered = 13 September 1926 | mpc_name = (1068) Nofretete | alt_names = 1926 RK{{·}}1929 CV | pronounced = {{IPAc-en|n|ɒ|f|r|ə|ˈ|t|iː|t|ə}}{{efn|name=pronunciation}} | named_after = Nefertiti<ref name="springer" /><br />{{small|(Ancient Egyptian Queen)}} | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />background<ref name="AstDys-object" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 88.73 yr (32,409 days) | aphelion = 3.1868 AU | perihelion = 2.6274 AU | semimajor = 2.9071 AU | eccentricity = 0.0962 | period = 4.96 yr (1,810 days) | mean_anomaly = 250.26° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1988|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 5.4840° | asc_node = 318.69° | arg_peri = 267.47° | dimensions = {{val|21.346|0.106}} km<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><br />22.03 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|23.186|0.116}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|23.92|0.74}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|26.73|0.45}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> | rotation = {{val|6.15}} h<ref name="Binzel-1987b" /> | albedo = {{val|0.104|0.007}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.142|0.025}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|0.1832|0.0400}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />0.20 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | spectral_type = S<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Binzel-1987b" /><br />B–V {{=}} 0.850<ref name="jpldata" /><br />U–B {{=}} 0.420<ref name="jpldata" /> | abs_magnitude = 10.60<ref name="Masiero-2012" />{{·}}10.65<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Binzel-1987b" />{{·}}10.7<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{val|10.84|0.47}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}11.20<ref name="AKARI" /> }}
'''1068 Nofretete''' ({{IPAc-en|n|ɒ|f|r|ə|ˈ|t|iː|t|ə}}{{efn|name=pronunciation}}), provisional designation {{mp|1926 RK}}, is a stony asteroid from the background population in the outer asteroid belt, approximately 23 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1926, by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named after the Ancient Egyptian Queen Nefertiti by its German name "Nofretete".<ref name="springer" /> The near-Earth asteroid 3199 Nefertiti is also named after her.
== Orbit and classification ==
''Nofretete'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.<ref name="AstDys-object" /> It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.6–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 12 months (1,810 days; semi-major axis of 2.91 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins at Uccle in September 1926, three nights after its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Nofretete'' has been characterized as a stony S-type asteroid by American astronomer Richard Binzel.<ref name="Binzel-1987b" />
=== Rotation period ===
In May 1984, a rotational lightcurve of ''Nofretete'' was obtained from photometric observations by Richard Binzel which gave a rotation period of 6.15 hours with a low brightness amplitude of 0.04 magnitude, indicative for a nearly spheroidal shape ({{small|U=2}}).<ref name="Binzel-1987b" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Nofretete'' measures between 21.346 and 26.73 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.104 and 0.1832.<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />
The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and derives a diameter of 22.03 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.65.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named by German astronomer Gustav Stracke after the Ancient Egyptian Queen Nefertiti (c.1370 – c.1330 BC) by its common German name "Nofretete".{{efn|name=pronunciation}} She was the wife of pharaoh Akhenaten (a.k.a. Echnaton or Amenhotep IV), after whom the asteroid 4847 Amenhotep is named. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 101}}). The near-Earth asteroid 3199 Nefertiti, discovered by American astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at Palomar, was also named after her.<ref name="springer" />
== Notes == {{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=pronunciation|1=Pronunciation of "Nofretete" from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923230745/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/nefertiti Collins English Dictionary]. The original naming in German is pronounced as {{IPA|nɔfʁəˈteːtə}}.}}
}} <!-- end of notelist -->
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2017-10-30 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1068 Nofretete (1926 RK) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001068 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 7 December 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1068) Nofretete |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 91 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1069 |chapter = (1068) Nofretete }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 1068 Nofretete (1926 RK) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1068 |accessdate = 7 December 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2014">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer |first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent |first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson |first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett |date = August 2014 |title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 791 |issue = 2 |page = 11 |bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 |arxiv = 1406.6645}}</ref>
<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 1068 Nofretete – Proper Elements |publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site |url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1068 |access-date= 28 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1068 |accessdate = 7 December 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |doi-access= }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1068 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |access-date= 7 December 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Binzel-1987b">{{Cite journal |author = Binzel, R. P. |date = October 1987 |title = A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1987Icar...72..135B |journal = Icarus |volume = 72 |issue = 1 |pages = 135–208 |issn = 0019-1035 |bibcode = 1987Icar...72..135B |doi = 10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4 |access-date= 7 December 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 7 December 2017}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [https://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1068}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nofretete}} 001068 Category:Discoveries by Eugène Joseph Delporte Category:Named minor planets 19260913